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- $Unique_ID{BRK04114}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{POEMS Syndrome}
- $Subject{POEMS Syndrome Crow-Fukase Syndrome Shimpo's Syndrome Takatsuki's
- Syndrome PEP Syndrome Scleroderma Castleman's Disease}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 19910 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 789:
- POEMS Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (POEMS Syndrome) is not
- the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Crow-Fukase Syndrome
- Shimpo's Syndrome
- Takatsuki's Syndrome
- PEP Syndrome
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Scleroderma
- Castleman's Disease
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- POEMS Syndrome is an acronym for Polyneuropathy (a disease of many
- nerves), Organomegaly (the enlargement of an organ), Endocrinopathy (a
- functional disorder of an endocrine gland), M protein (monoclonal
- immunoglobin, a type of antibody), and Skin changes.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Each letter of POEMS Syndrome stands for the following symptoms:
-
- Polyneuropathy is a disease of many nerves that causes tingling,
- numbness, burning pain, deficiencies in perception and vibratory sensations
- usually in the limbs. Organomegaly may affect any organ such as enlargement
- of the spleen (splenomegaly) or enlargement of the liver and the spleen
- (hepatosplenomegaly). Disease of the endocrine system may affect any
- endocrine gland (a gland that secretes hormones directly into the blood
- stream). Deficient secretion of the thyroid hormones (hypothyroidism) may
- occur. Sexual functioning may be affected in POEMS Syndrome due to
- dysfunction of hormone secreting glands.
-
- Adrenal secretion of hormones may also be insufficient. Elevated levels
- of M protein are usually found in the blood. Skin manifestations may include
- increased pigmentation (hyperpigmentation) and thickened skin resembling
- Scleroderma (see Related Disorders section of this report).
-
- Swelling of the lymph nodes (adenopathy) may also occur.
-
- An abnormal accumulation of fluid (edema) in the abdominal cavity
- (ascites), in connective tissue (anasarca), or in cells and tissues may also
- occur. Most of the patients have a malignant bone marrow disease called
- Multiple Myeloma. Abnormal proteins are usually present in the plasma. (For
- more information on this disorder, choose "Multiple Myeloma" as your search
- term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Causes
-
- The exact cause of POEMS Syndrome is not known. It has been suggested that
- it may be an autoimmune disorder. Autoimmune disorders are caused when the
- body's natural defenses (antibodies, lymphocytes, etc.), against invading
- organisms suddenly begin to attack perfectly healthy tissue for unknown
- reasons.
-
- The abnormal proteins from the multiple myeloma tumor is another possible
- cause for this multi-system disease.
-
- Affected Population
-
- POEMS Syndrome is a rare disorder affecting males and females in equal
- numbers.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of POEMS
- Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- The skin changes of POEMS Syndrome are similar to Scleroderma.
- Scleroderma refers to a group of disorders characterized by the formation of
- fibrous tissue (fibrosis), degenerative changes, and vascular abnormalities
- in the skin. Scleroderma is the slow and continued (chronic) hardening and
- shrinking of the connective tissues of any part of the body. The skin may
- have firm violet patches with ivory/yellow centers, small chalk-white spots
- with or without a violet margin, tight glossy skin, or band-like strips of
- thickened skin. The internal organs may also be involved in some forms of
- Scleroderma. The exact cause is unknown. (For more information on this
- disorder, choose "Scleroderma" as your search term in the Rare Disease
- Database).
-
- The enlarged lymph nodes in POEMS Syndrome are very similar to
- Castleman's Disease. Castleman's Disease is a rare disorder of the lymphatic
- system characterized by noncancerous (benign) growths in lymph node tissue.
- The veins may be involved, causing a growth in the blood vessels themselves.
- Major symptoms may include development of a tumor, respiratory tract
- infections, coughing, lethargy, pressure or pain in the back and chest,
- difficulty in breathing, coughing up blood, and fever. The exact cause of
- Castleman's Disease is unknown, but it is thought to be an autoimmune
- disease. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Castleman's" as your
- search term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of POEMS Syndrome involves immunosuppressive drugs such as
- melphalan and prednisone.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Plasmapheresis may be of benefit in some cases of POEMS Syndrome. This
- procedure is a method for removing unwanted substances (toxins, metabolic
- substances and plasma parts such as antibodies and abnormal proteins) from
- the blood. Blood is removed from the patient and blood cells are separated
- from plasma. The patient's plasma is then replaced with other human plasma
- and the blood is retransfused into the patient. This therapy is still under
- investigation to analyze side effects and effectiveness. More research is
- needed before plasmapheresis can be recommended for use in all but the most
- severe cases of POEMS Syndrome.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- June 1991. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on POEMS Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information
- Clearinghouse
- Box AMS
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 495-4484
-
- References
-
- POEMS SYNDROME PRESENTING AS SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS. CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGIC
- STUDY OF A CASE WITH MICROANGIOPATHIC GLOMERULAR LESIONS: J.P. Viard et al.;
- Am J Med (March, 1988, issue 84 (3 part 1). Pp. 524-8.
-
- THE SKIN CHANGES IN THE CROW-FUKASE (POEMS) SYNDROME. A CASE REPORT:
- W.B. & E.D. Shelley; Arch Dermatol (January, 1987, issue 123 (1)). Pp. 85-7.
-
-