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$Unique_ID{BRK04082}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Papillitis}
$Subject{Papillitis Optic Neuritis Optic Neuropathy Giant Cell Arteritis
Multiple Sclerosis Retrobulbar Neuritis Syphilis}
$Volume{}
$Log{}
Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
744:
Papillitis
** IMPORTANT **
It is possible that the main title of the article (Papillitis) is not the
name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the alternate
names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
Synonyms
Optic Neuritis
Optic Neuropathy
Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
Disorders section of this report:
Giant Cell Arteritis
Multiple Sclerosis
Retrobulbar Neuritis
Syphilis
General Discussion
** REMINDER **
The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
section of this report.
Papillitis is a progressive inflammation of all or part of the optic
nerve which can lead to loss of vision. It is usually preceded by a viral
illness or other inflammatory disease.
Symptoms
Papillitis is an inflammation in or about the optic nerve. It is
characterized by a rapid loss of vision. This is the only symptom of this
disease. It can occur within one to two days of onset, and may last for
months. Recovery may be spontaneous, but permanent loss of vision can occur
if the underlying cause is not diagnosed and treated.
In the elderly with Giant Cell Arteritis, there may be headaches and
fatigue as well as loss of vision in one eye. In some cases it may progress
to the other eye and cause total blindness.
Causes
There are many causes of Papillitis. It may be caused by an inflammation of
the temporal artery, toxins or chemicals such as lead or ethanol, syphilis,
or a tumor in another part of the body. Symptoms may also occur after a
viral illness. In some cases there may be no apparent cause.
Affected Population
Papillitis affects males and females in equal numbers and can occur at any
age.
Related Disorders
The following disorders may be associated with Papillitis.
Giant Cell Arteritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the branches of
the aortic arch. This disorder is found principally in the temporal and
occipital arteries, but may develop in almost any of the large arteries. It
rarely involves veins. Papillitis may occur in people with Giant Cell
Arteritis. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Arteritis, Giant
Cell" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic disease of the brain and spinal cord
(central nervous system) which may be progressive, relapsing and remitting,
or stable. People with MS have small nerve lesions called plaques that may
form randomly throughout the brain and spinal cord. These patches prevent
proper transmission of nerve signals and thus result in a variety of
neurological symptoms. (For more information on this disorder, choose
"Multiple Sclerosis" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
Retrobulbar Neuritis is an inflammation of that portion of the optic
nerve that lies behind the eyeball. Many cases of this disease are caused by
multiple sclerosis while others may be due to viral or infectious disorders.
In most cases there may be no apparent cause. This disease usually affects
one eye and is characterized by pain associated with movement of the eye,
headache and a rapid and progressive loss of vision.
Syphilis is a chronic, highly infectious disease acquired through sexual
intercourse. This disease may involve any organ or tissue of the body. (For
more information on this disorder, choose "Chlamydia" as your search term in
the Rare Disease Database.)
Therapies: Standard
If spontaneous remission does not occur in people with Papillitis it is
usually treated with the corticosteroid drugs prednisone or
methylprednisolone. Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Therapies: Investigational
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
January 1990. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
current information about this disorder.
Resources
For more information on Papillitis, please contact:
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
P.O. Box 8923
New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
(203) 746-6518
NIH/National Eye Institute
9000 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 468-5248
Vision Foundation, Inc.
818 Mt. Auburn Street
Watertown, MA 02172
(617) 926-4232
(800) 852-3029 (within Massachusetts)
References
INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown and
Co., 1987. Pp. 2171.
THE MERCK MANUAL, 15th Ed.: Robert Berkow, M.D., ed.-in-chief; Merck,
Sharp & Dohme Laboratories., 1987. Pp. 2240.
OPTIC NEURITIS IN CHILDREN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: A
CLINICAL STUDY IN 21 CHILDREN. R. Riikonen, et al.; DEV MED CHILD NEUROL,
(June 1988, issue 30 (3)). Pp. 349-359.
TRANSVERSE MYELITIS AND OPTIC NEURITIS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHROMATOSUS:
A CASE REPORT WITH RESONANCE IMAGING FINDINGS. J. Kenik, et al.; ARTHRITIS
RHEUM (August 1987, issue 30 (8)). Pp. 947-950.
RECOVERY AFTER OPTIC NEURITIS IN CHILDHOOD. A. Kriss, et al.; J NEUROSURG
PSYCHIATRY, (October 1988, issue 51 (10)). Pp. 1253-1258.
OPTIC NEURITIS IN THE ELDERLY: PROGNOSIS FOR VISUAL RECOVERY AND LONG-
TERM FOLLOW-UP. D. Jacobsen, et al.; NEUROLOGY (December 1988, issue 38
(12)). Pp. 1834-1837.
TREATMENT OF OPTIC NEURITIS WITH INTRAVENOUS MEGADOSE CORTICOSTEROIDS. A
CONSECUTIVE SERIES. T. Spoor, et al.; OPHTHALMOLOGY (January 1988, issue 95
(1)). Pp. 131-134.