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- $Unique_ID{BRK03976}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Maxillonasal Dysplasia, Binder Type}
- $Subject{Maxillonasal Dysplasia Binder Type Binder Syndrome Maxillonasal
- Dysplasia Nasomaxillary Hypoplasia Chondrodysplasia Punctata Rhizomelic Type
- Conradi-Hunermann Syndrome Fetal Warfarin Syndrome }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1993 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 951:
- Maxillonasal Dysplasia, Binder Type
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Maxillonasal
- Dysplasia, Binder Type) is not the name you expected. Please check the
- SYNONYMS listing to find the alternate name and disorder subdivisions covered
- by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Binder Syndrome
- Maxillonasal Dysplasia
- Nasomaxillary Hypoplasia
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Chondrodysplasia, Punctata, Rhizomelic Type
- Conradi-Hunermann Syndrome
- Fetal Warfarin Syndrome
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The Information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Binder Type Maxillonasal Dysplasia is a rare disorder that may occur for
- no apparent reason (sporadically) or may be inherited as an autosomal
- dominant or autosomal recessive genetic trait. Individuals affected with
- this disorder have distinct facial features that typically include a small,
- flat, low-set nose and a protruding chin. Crossed eyes, cleft lip and
- palate, as well as abnormalities of the cervical spine have also been found
- in some affected patients.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Binder Type Maxillonasal Dysplasia is characterized by distinct facial
- features that include a small, flat, low-set nose with a short underdeveloped
- partition separating the two nasal cavities (nasal septum). The nasal
- openings (apertures) may have a "half-moon" appearance and the nasal spine
- may be absent or underdeveloped. The upper lip may be elevated and rounded
- and the chin may protrude outward.
-
- Other features that have been found in some affected individuals have
- been crossed eyes (convergent strabismus), a cleft of the lip, upper jaw and
- palate (labiomaxillopalatine cleft), abnormalities of the cervical spine,
- protrusion of the lower jaw, and abnormal contact of the teeth of the upper
- and lower jaws (malocclusions).
-
- Some researchers feel that Binder Type Maxillonasal Dysplasia may be a
- mild form of Chondrodysplasia Punctata that is not properly diagnosed because
- affected individuals typically seek help at an older age, and the x-ray
- features of Chondrodysplasia Punctata have disappeared by then. (See related
- disorders section for information about Chondrodysplasia Punctata.)
-
- Causes
-
- Binder Type Maxillonasal Dysplasia may appear for no apparent reason
- (sporadically) or be inherited as an autosomal dominant or autosomal
- recessive genetic trait. Human traits, including the classic genetic
- diseases, are the product of the interaction of two genes, one received from
- the father and one from the mother.
-
- In dominant disorders a single copy of the disease gene (received from
- either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating" the other normal
- gene and resulting in the appearance of the disease. The risk of
- transmitting the disorder from affected parent to offspring is fifty percent
- for each pregnancy regardless of the sex of the resulting child.
-
- In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear unless a person
- inherits the same defective gene for the same trait from each parent. If one
- receives one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a
- carrier for the disease, but usually will not show symptoms. The risk of
- transmitting the disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are
- carriers for a recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of
- their children will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five
- percent of their children will receive both normal genes, one from each
- parent, and will be genetically normal.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Binder Type Maxillonasal Dysplasia is a rare disorder that affects males and
- females in equal numbers. It is detectable at birth but may not be diagnosed
- until years later. There have been over one hundred cases of this disorder
- reported in the medical literature.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Binder Type
- Maxillonasal Dysplasia. Comparisons may be useful for a differential
- diagnosis:
-
- Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic Type, is a rare disorder inherited
- as an autosomal recessive genetic trait. A flattened face, vision problems,
- and an accumulation of calcium (calcification) in the hip and shoulder joints
- may also be present. Spasticity and mental retardation have also occurred in
- affected patients.
-
- Conradi-Hunermann Syndrome is a mild form of Chondrodysplasia Punctata
- that is inherited as an autosomal dominant genetic trait. Individuals
- affected with this disorder have distinct facial features with a flattened
- tip and bridge of the nose. Mild to moderate growth deficiencies typically
- occur as a result of calcium buildup (calcification) at the ends of the bones
- (epiphyses). (For more information on this disorder, choose "Conradi-
- Hunermann Syndrome" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Fetal Warfarin Syndrome is a disorder of altered fetal development. This
- disorder results from a woman taking the drug warfarin (an anticoagulant)
- during pregnancy. Affected infants may have facial features similar to
- Binder Type Maxillonasal Dysplasia. The most consistent feature of this
- disorder is depression of the bridge of the nose resulting in an upturned,
- flattened appearance and a deep groove between the nostrils. Growth
- deficits, recurrent infections and mental retardation may also occur.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Binder Type Maxillonasal Dysplasia may consist of surgery to
- correct the abnormalities of the nose and jaw when the child is older. A
- team of orthodontists, oral and plastic surgeons may be used.
-
- Genetic counseling may be of benefit for patients and their families.
- Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Research on birth defects and their causes is ongoing. The National
- Institutes of Health (NIH) is sponsoring the Human Genome Project which is
- aimed at mapping every gene in the human body and learning why they sometimes
- malfunction. It is hoped that this new knowledge will lead to prevention and
- treatment of genetic disorders in the future.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- June 1993. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Binder Type Maxillonasal Dysplasia, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- FACES
- National Association for the Craniofacially Handicapped
- P.O. Box 11082
- Chattanooga, TN 37401
- (615) 266-1632
-
- Craniofacial Family Association
- 170 Elizabeth St., Suite 650
- Toronto, Ontario
- M5G, 1X8 Canada
-
- National Craniofacial Foundation
- 3100 Carlisle St., Suite 215
- Dallas, TX 75204
- (800) 535-3643
-
- National Foundation for Facial Reconstruction
- 550 First Ave.
- New York, NY 11016
- (212) 340-6656
- (212) 340-5400
-
- The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
- Information Clearinghouse
- Box AMS
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 495-4484
-
- For Genetic Information and Genetic Counseling Referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 10th Ed., Victor A. McKusick, Editor; Johns
- Hopkins University Press, 1990. Pp. 700-701.
-
- BIRTH DEFECTS ENCYCLOPEDIA, Mary Louise Buyse, M.D., Editor-In-Chief;
- Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990. Pp. 1110-1111.
-
- MAXILLONASAL DYSPLASIA (BINDER'S SYNDROME): A CRITICAL REVIEW AND CASE
- STUDY: B.B. Horswell, et al., J Oral Maxillofac Surg (February, 1987, issue
- 45(2)). Pp. 114-22.
-
- MAXILLONASAL DYSPLASIA (BINDER'S SYNDROME): I.R. Munro, et al., Plast
- Reconstr Surg (May, 1979, issue 63(5)). Pp. 657-63.
-
- SURGICAL CORRECTION OF THE NOSE AND MIDFACE IN MAXILLONASAL DYSPLASIA
- (BINDER'S SYNDROME: H Holmstrom, Plast Reconstr Surg (November, 1986, issue
- 78(5)). Pp. 568-80.
-
- THE CRANIOFACIAL MORPHOLOGY IN PERSONS WITH MAXILLONASAL DYSPLASIA
- (BINDER SYNDROME). A LONGITUDINAL CEPHALOMETRIC STUDY OF ORTHODONTICALLY
- TREATED CHILDREN: M. Olow-Nordenram, et al., Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop
- (February, 1989, issue 95(2)). Pp. 148-58.
-
- CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGIC ASPECTS OF MAXILLONASAL DYSOSTOSIS (BINDER
- SYNDROME): J. Delaire, et al., Head Neck Surg (Nov-Dec, 1980, issue 3(2)).
- Pp. 105-22.
-
- FAMILIAL VARIANT OF MAXILLONASAL DYSPLASIA: E. Gross-Kieselstein, et
- al., J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol (1986, issue 6(3)). Pp. 331-4.
-
-