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$Unique_ID{BRK03884}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Jackson-Weiss Syndrome}
$Subject{Jackson-Weiss Syndrome Craniosynostosis Midfacial Hypoplasia Foot
Abnormalities Jackson-Weiss Craniosynostosis Apert Syndrome Carpenter Syndrome
Crouzon Disease Pfeiffer Syndrome Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome }
$Volume{}
$Log{}
Copyright (C) 1993 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
933:
Jackson-Weiss Syndrome
** IMPORTANT **
It is possible that the main title of the article (Jackson-Weiss
Syndrome) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing to
find the alternate name and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
Synonyms
Craniosynostosis, Midfacial Hypoplasia, and Foot Abnormalities
Jackson-Weiss Craniosynostosis
Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
Disorders section of this report:
Apert Syndrome
Carpenter Syndrome
Crouzon Disease
Pfeiffer Syndrome
Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome
General Discussion
** REMINDER **
The Information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
section of this report.
Jackson-Weiss Syndrome is a rare disorder inherited as an autosomal
dominant genetic trait. This disorder is characterized by permanent
premature closure of the bones of the skull (craniosynostosis) along with
abnormalities of bones in the face and feet. Typically the deformities of
the feet include fusion of the bones of the upper foot along with malformed
great toes. Symptoms of this disorder can vary within a family from mild to
severe.
Symptoms
Jackson-Weiss Syndrome is a rare disorder in which the symptoms may vary from
mild to severe. The most common symptoms that have been found in affected
patients include: premature closure of the bones of the skull
(Craniosynostosis); an underdeveloped jaw; widely spaced eyes
(hypertelorism); down-slanting eyes; drooping eyelids (ptosis); crossed eyes
(strabismus); abnormalities of the outer ear; a flat bridge of the nose; a
beaked nose; failure of the upper jaw bones to properly fuse together causing
an opening in the roof of the mouth (cleft palate); a high arched palate;
and/or an accumulation of fluid in the skull (hydrocephaly). (For more
information on these disorders choose "Craniosynostosis" or "Hydrocephalus"
as your search terms in the Rare Disease Database).
Premature closure of the bones of the skull (craniosynostosis) may cause
disturbances in vision, headaches and/or excessive pressure within the skull.
Other symptoms that have been found in some patients with Jackson-Weiss
Syndrome include: fingers and/or toes that may be webbed (syndactyly),
short, bent abnormally or may have bones missing; limited joint movement;
mental retardation; and/or a condition in which the knees are close together
with the ankles widely spaced (genu valgum).
Causes
Jackson-Weiss Syndrome is a rare disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant
genetic trait with incomplete penetrance. Symptoms varying from mild to
severe.
Human traits, including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of
the interaction of two genes, one received from the father and one from the
mother. In dominant disorders a single copy of the disease gene (received
from either the mother or father) will be expressed "dominating" the other
normal gene and resulting in the appearance of the disease. The risk of
transmitting the disorder from affected parent to offspring is fifty percent
for each pregnancy regardless of the sex of the resulting child.
Incomplete penetrance means that all characteristics of a particular
trait may not be manifested in all those who inherit the gene.
Affected Population
Jackson-Weiss Syndrome is a very rare disorder that affects males and females
in equal numbers. There have been over one hundred and thirty cases of this
disorder reported in the medical literature.
Related Disorders
Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Jackson-Weiss
Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
Apert Syndrome is a rare disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant
genetic trait. This disorder is characterized by fused or webbed fingers and
toes (syndactyly), a pointed head (acrocephaly or oxycephaly), other skeletal
and facial abnormalities, and mental retardation. (For more information on
this disorder, choose "Apert Syndrome" as your search term in the Rare
Disease Database).
Carpenter Syndrome is a rare disorder inherited as an autosomal recessive
genetic trait. This disorder is characterized by an unusual shape of the
head (oxycephaly) as well as deformities of the hands (branchysyndactyly) and
feet (preaxial polydactyly). (For more information on this disorder, choose
"Carpenter Syndrome" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database).
Crouzon Disease is a rare disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant
genetic trait. Symptoms of this disorder may be: abnormalities of the skull,
face and brain due to premature closure of the bones of the skull; swelling
of the optic disk inside the eye; impaired vision; hearing loss; a beaked-
shaped nose; an underdeveloped lower jaw; and/or a high arched palate. (For
more information on this disorder, choose "Crouzon Disease" as your search
term in the Rare Disease Database).
Pfeiffer Syndrome is a rare disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant
genetic trait. This disorder is characterized by a short, pointed head
(acrobrachycephaly) and abnormalities of the face, jaws and teeth. Webbed
fingers or toes (syndactyly) and other abnormalities of the thumbs and big
toes may also occur. Symptoms can vary from mild to severe. (For more
information on this disorder, choose "Pfeiffer Syndrome" as your search term
in the Rare Disease Database).
Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome is a rare disorder thought to be inherited as an
autosomal dominant genetic trait. This disorder is characterized by a small
head (microcephaly), premature closure of the bones of the skull
(craniosynostosis), mildly fused webbed fingers and/or toes (syndactyly), and
facial abnormalities. (For more information on this disorder choose
"Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome" as your search term, in the Rare Disease
Database).
Therapies: Standard
Patients with Jackson-Weiss Syndrome may benefit from surgery to correct the
craniosynostosis, cleft palate, and/or abnormalities of the hands and feet.
Speech therapy may be needed when cleft palate is present.
Genetic counseling may be of benefit for patients and their families.
Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Therapies: Investigational
Research on birth defects and their causes is ongoing. The National
Institutes of Health (NIH) is sponsoring the Human Genome Project which is
aimed at mapping every gene in the human body and learning why they sometimes
malfunction. It is hoped that this new knowledge will lead to prevention and
treatment of genetic disorders in the future.
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
January 1993. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
current information about this disorder.
Resources
For more information on Jackson-Weiss Syndrome, please contact:
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
P.O. Box 8923
New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
(203)-746-6518
National Craniofacial Foundation
3100 Carlisle Street, Suite 215
Dallas, TX 75204
(800) 535-3643
FACES
National Association for the Craniofacially Handicapped
P.O. Box 11082
Chattanooga, TN 37401
(615) 266-1632
About Face
99 Crowns Lane
Toronto, Ontario M5R 3PA
Canada
(416) 944-3223
American Cleft Palate Cranial Facial Association
1218 Granview Ave.
Pittsburgh, PA 15211
(412) 681-1376
(800) 24CLEFT
NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHHD)
9000 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 496-5133
For Genetic Information and Genetic Counseling Referrals:
March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
White Plains, NY 10605
(914) 428-7100
Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
Chevy Chase, MD 20815
(800) 336-GENE
(301) 652-5553
References
MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 10th Ed.: Victor A. McKusick, Editor: Johns
Hopkins University Press, 1990. Pp. 279.
BIRTH DEFECTS ENCYCLOPEDIA, Mary Louise Buyse, M.D., Editor-In-Chief;
Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990. Pp. 467-68.
CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS, MIDFACIAL HYPOPLASIA AND FOOT ABNORMALITIES: AN
AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT PHENOTYPE IN A LARGE AMISH KINDRED: C.E. Jackson, et al.;
J Pediatr (June, 1976, issue 88(6)). Pp. 963-8.