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- $Unique_ID{BRK03733}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Farber's Disease}
- $Subject{Farber's Disease Farber's Lipogranulomatosis Acid Ceramidase
- Deficiency Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1988, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 535:
- Farber's Disease
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Farber's Disease) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the synonym list to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Farber's Lipogranulomatosis
- Acid Ceramidase Deficiency
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Farber's Disease is a rare metabolic genetic disorder. Major symptoms
- may include hoarseness, painful and swollen joints, nodules under the skin
- and growths in the lungs and other parts of the body. The heart and lymph
- nodes may also be involved. Difficulty in breathing may necessitate the
- implantation of a breathing tube (tracheostomy) in the throat.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Farber's Disease may be easily diagnosed. Symptoms usually appear between
- the ages of two weeks to four months. The first signs of Farber's Disease
- are swollen joints and a hoarse cry, skin that is sensitive to touch and
- fingers that are flexed. Difficulty in swallowing, vomiting, breathing
- problems and fever may also occur. Other signs of the disease may be heart
- problems due to the growth of nodules around heart valves. Nodules are often
- found in the spleen, intestines, lymph nodes, kidney, tongue, thymus,
- gallbladder and liver. The central nervous system is usually involved.
- Intelligence may or may not be normal.
-
- Causes
-
- Farber's Disease is characterized by the body's inability to produce
- lysosomal acid ceramidase which can cause painful and progressive deformity
- of joints. It is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. (Human traits
- including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the interaction of
- two genes for that condition, one received from the father and one from the
- mother. In recessive disorders, the condition does not appear unless a
- person inherits the same defective gene from each parent. If one receives
- one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a carrier
- for the disease, but usually will show no symptoms. The risk of transmitting
- the disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are carriers for a
- recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of their children
- will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five percent of
- their children will receive both normal genes, one from each parent and will
- be genetically normal.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Farber's Disease affects males and females in equal numbers.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Farber's
- Disease. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis, also known as Still's disease, is an
- autoimmune disorder causing painful swelling of the joints and bone
- deformities. Polyarticular (affecting many joints) joint disease associated
- with enlargement of lymph nodes and the spleen. This disorder occurs in
- infants and young children, usually before puberty. It is characterized by
- acute pain affecting many joints, high fever, skin rash, subcutaneous
- nodules, enlargement of the liver, fluid in the lungs and stunted growth.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment for Farber's Disease is symptomatic and supportive. Corticosteroid
- drugs may provide some relief for joint pain. Tracheostomy may be necessary
- if breathing passages become blocked due to nodular growths. Cosmetic
- surgery may be useful for removal of growths in the facial area. Genetic
- counseling will be of benefit for patients and their families. Prenatal
- diagnosis of Farber's Disease is possible during the fifteenth to sixteenth
- weeks of pregnancy through the use of amniocentesis (testing of cells taken
- from the fluid in the water sac surrounding the fetus).
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Research is ongoing into the metabolic defect which may cause symptoms of
- Farber's Disease. When this becomes better understood, scientists may be
- able to develop effective treatments.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- November 1988. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
-
- For more information on Farber's Disease, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Arthritis Foundation
- 1314 Spring St. N.W.
- Atlanta, GA 30309
- (404) 872-7100
-
- The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information
- Clearinghouse
- Box AMS
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 495-4484
-
- Research Trust for Metabolic Diseases in Children
- Golden Gates Lodge, Weston Rd.
- Crewe CW1 1XN, England
- Telephone: (0270) 250244
-
- For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- THE METABOLIC BASIS OF INHERITED DISEASE, 5th Ed.: John B. Stanbury, et al.,
- eds.; McGraw Hill, 1983. Pp. 820-829.
-
- INTERNAL MEDICINE, 2nd Ed.: Jay H. Stein, ed.-in-chief; Little, Brown
- and Co., 1987. Pp. 2073.
-
- FARBER'S DISEASE (LYSOSOMAL ACID CERAMIDASE DEFICIENCY): R.A. Jameson,
- et al.
-
- Ann Rheum Dis (July 1987, issue: 46 (7). Pp., 559-561.
-
- DIAGNOSIS OF LIPOGRANULOMATOSIS (FARBER'S DISEASE) BY USE OF CULTURED
- FIBROBLASTS: J.T. Dulaney, et al.; J Pediatr (July, 1976 issue: 89 (1)).
- Pp. 59-61.
-
-