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- $Unique_ID{BRK03613}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Coffin-Lowry Syndrome}
- $Subject{Coffin-Lowry Syndrome Coffin Syndrome Mental Retardation with
- Osteocartilaginous Anomalies}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 425:
- Coffin-Lowry Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Coffin-Lowry Syndrome) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing on the next
- page to find alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this
- article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Coffin Syndrome
- Mental Retardation with Osteocartilaginous Anomalies
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Coffin-Lowry Syndrome is a possibly hereditary disorder characterized by
- short stature, facial abnormalities, lax joints, low muscle tone, and
- retardation in physical and mental development.
-
- Symptoms
-
- The symptoms of Coffin-Lowry Syndrome tend to be more severe in males and
- usually progress with age. The face is characterized by a square forehead
- with prominent sides, narrowing of both temples, scarce hair on the scalp,
- thickened eyebrow ridges, downslanting eyelid slits, wide-set eyes, thickened
- upper eyelids, a broad nasal bridge with a thick dividing cartilage (septum),
- thick prominent lips, an open mouth, prominent chin and ears. Additionally,
- there may be feeding and respiratory problems.
-
- Limb abnormalities may include large soft hands with double-jointed thick
- fingers that taper toward the tips, an unusual prominent transverse crease
- (hypothenar) and a shortened big toe. In males, the skin is loose and may
- stretch easily. Affected males may be severely mentally retarded, while the
- majority of affected females may be only mildly mentally retarded. A clumsy,
- broad-based walk may be a symptom affecting both males and females. Affected
- individuals may have short stature. Many bone abnormalities may also occur
- such as thickening of facial bones, shortening of the long bones, and pointed
- or sunken breast bone.
-
- Causes
-
- Coffin-Lowry Syndrome is a hereditary disorder, thought to be inherited as a
- dominant sex-linked trait. Males may be more severely affected than females.
-
- Human traits including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of
- the interaction of two genes for that condition, one received from the father
- and one from the mother. In X-linked dominant disorders the female with only
- one X chromosome affected will develop the disease. However the affected
- male always has a more severe condition. Sometimes affected males die before
- birth so that only female patients survive.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Coffin-Lowry Syndrome affects as many males as females. However, symptoms
- may be more severe in males.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment for Coffin-Lowry Disease is symptomatic and supportive. Genetic
- counseling will be helpful for patients and their families.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through April
- 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Coffin-Lowry Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5751
- (800) 352-9424
-
- The National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information
- Clearinghouse
- Box AMS
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 495-4484
-
- For information on genetics and genetic counseling referrals, please
- contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- BRIEF CLINICAL REPORT: EARLY RECOGNITION OF THE COFFIN-LOWRY SYNDROME: W.G.
- Wilson, et al.; (American Journal Med Genet (1981: issue 8,2). Pp. 215-220.
-
- EARLY CLINICAL SIGNS IN COFFIN-LOWRY SYNDROME: J.S. Vles, et al.;
- Clinical Genet (November 1984: issue 26,5). Pp. 448-452.
-
- FOREARM FULLNESS IN COFFIN-LOWRY SYNDROME: A MISLEADING YET POSSIBLE
- EARLY DIAGNOSTIC CLUE: J.H. Hersh, et al.; American Journal Med Genet (June
- 1984: issue 18,2). Pp. 195-199.
-
-