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$Unique_ID{BRK03449}
$Pretitle{}
$Title{Ameloblastoma}
$Subject{Ameloblastoma Adamantinoma Odontogenic Tumor Mandibular Ameloblastoma
Maxillary Ameloblastoma Hard Odontoma Osteosarcoma Globulomaxiallary Cysts}
$Volume{}
$Log{}
Copyright (C) 1992 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
908
Ameloblastoma
** IMPORTANT **
It is possible that the main title of the article (Ameloblastoma) is not
the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
Synonyms
Adamantinoma
Odontogenic Tumor
Mandibular Ameloblastoma
Maxillary Ameloblastoma
Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
Disorders section of this report:
Hard Odontoma
Osteosarcoma
Globulomaxiallary Cysts
General Discussion
** REMINDER **
The Information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
section of this report.
Ameloblastoma is a very rare disorder of the jaw and sinuses. Major
symptoms may include cysts or tumors in the dental area. They may also
include the sinus, nose and/or eye socket. In some cases the Ameloblastoma
can become malignant and spread to other areas of the body.
Symptoms
Ameloblastoma is characterized by an abnormal growth in the sinus area or
jaw, often at the site of the third molar. The tumors or cysts may be
aggressive and may spread to the nose, eye socket and skull. It is important
that Ameloblastoma is diagnosed and treated early in order to stop growth of
the tumors and progression to cancer. Ameloblastomas have been known to
become malignant and spread to other parts of the body including the lungs.
However, if the initial treatment removes the entire tumor and a wide margin
of tissue around the tumor, reoccurrence is rare.
If the Ameloblastoma does become malignant it usually spreads through the
lymphatic or blood systems. In these cases, although they are rare, the site
it spreads to most often is the lung area. The Ameloblastoma does not
usually become malignant unless it has reoccurred after surgery that was
unsuccessful. Wide margins of healthy tissue around the tumor must be
removed.
Causes
The cause of Ameloblastoma is not understood. It has been suggested that it
may be caused by dental irritation during the growth of teeth, the pulling of
teeth or in some cases by cavities in the teeth. Other causes may include
injury to the mouth or jaw, infections of the teeth or gums, or inflammation
of these same areas. Infections by viruses or lack of protein or minerals in
the persons diet are also suspected of causing the growth or development of
these tumors. In general, however, scientists do not understand the cause of
cysts and tumors, nor the reasons why they can become malignant.
Affected Population
Ameloblastoma is a rare disorder that affects males and females in equal
numbers. It affects persons of all ethnic backgrounds and of all age groups.
There are more than 200 different forms of cancer, and Malignant
Ameloblastoma is a very rare form of cancer.
Related Disorders
Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Ameloblastoma.
Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
Hard Odontoma is a tumor of dental origin. It is composed of several
characteristics of teeth such as enamel, dentin and cement. The Hard
Odontoma grows by spreading directly; the Ameloblastoma grows by infiltrating
other spaces.
Osteosarcoma can often be confused with Ameloblastoma. This cancer of
the bone differs from the dental tumor by arising from the bone forming cells
of the long bones.
Globulomaxillary Cysts are located between the teeth and may cause the
teeth to spread apart. The cysts are either oval or heart shaped and may be
removed or drained. Sometimes the treatment of the cysts can cause loss of
teeth.
Therapies: Standard
Ameloblastoma can show up either in a regular x-ray or in an MRI imaging
study. Treatment of Ameloblastoma consists of surgical removal of the cysts
or tumors. A wide margin of healthy tissue should be removed from the
treated area to keep the chance of tumor regrowth to a minimum. If the tumor
does reoccur surgery is performed again.
If there is malignant spread of the tumor, radiation is the treatment
choice. Chemotherapy is usually not as effective in these cases.
Therapies: Investigational
This disease entry is based upon medical information available through May
1992. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
information about this disorder.
Resources
For more information on Ameloblastoma, please contact:
National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
P.O. Box 8923
New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
(203) 746-6518
NIH/National Institute of Dental Research
9000 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 496-4261
The National Cancer Institute
9000 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20892
(301) 496-5583 or 5717
(800) 4-CANCER
American Cancer Society
1599 Clifton RD, NE
Atlanta, GA 30329
(404) 320-3333
References
DISEASES OF THE NOSE, THROAT, EAR, HEAD, & NECK., 14th Ed., John Jacob
Ballenger, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1991. Pp. 213, 328.
METASTASIZING AMELOBLASTOMA., E H Laughlin, Cancer, August 1, 1991 (issue
64 (3)). Pp. 776-780.
AMELOBLASTOMA IN YOUNG PERSONS: A CLINICOPATHOLOGIC ANALYSIS AND
ETIOLOGIC INVESTIGATION. MA Kahn, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, June, 1998,
(issue 67 (6)). Pp. 706-715.
AMELOBLASTOMA METASTATIC TO THE LUNG. RP Clay, et al.; Ann Plast Surg,
February, 1989, (issue 22 (2)). Pp. 160-162.
MAXILLARY AMELOBLASTOMA: CASE REPORT, FJ Sacaccia, et al.; Am J
Otolaryngol, January-February, 1991, (issue 12 (1)). Pp. 20-25.
AMELOBLASTIC CARCINOMA. REPORT OF AN AGGRESSIVE CASE AND REVIEW OF THE
LITERATURE, RA Bruce, et al.; J Craniomaxillofac Surg, August, 1991, (issue
19 (6)). Pp. 267-271.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF METASTATIC AMELOBLASTOMA. AH Eliasson, et
al.; South Med J, September, 1989, (issue 82 (9)). Pp. 1165-1168.