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- $Unique_ID{BRK01931}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{COPD: Quit Smoking or Else...}
- $Subject{COPD smoke Smoking cigarette cigarettes Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
- Disease diseases bronchitis emphysema die died dead death deaths tissue
- tissues bronchi lung lungs irritate irritated irritation irritations inflame
- inflamed mucous cough coughing cell cells transfer transferring oxygen
- hemoglobin red blood respiratory infect infection infections damage damaged
- damaging heart progressive treat treatment treatments x-ray x-rays function
- functions test tests testing inspire medicate medication medications
- bronchodilator bronchodilators therapy therapies vaccinate vaccination
- vaccinations}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{
- Anatomy of the Bronchial Tree*0005902.scf
- Lobar and Viral Pneumonia*0015402.scf
- Pneumonia Infected Lung*0015401.scf
- The Effects of Smoking*0007301.scf}
-
- Copyright (c) 1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
-
-
- COPD: Quit Smoking or Else...
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-
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-
- QUESTION: My brother still smokes, despite all we have tried to do for him.
- He claims he is hooked and after 20 years of smoking cigarettes regularly,
- can't do anything about it. That is until now, when his doctor says he has
- "COPD". Can you tell us what this means, and if his smoking has anything to
- do with it? Can he still overcome this if he stops smoking now? Try to tell
- us as much as you can, we need your answer to help him.
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- ANSWER: The letters "COPD" stand for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,
- and is not a diagnosis to be taken lightly. Although there were many
- obstructive lung diseases formerly included in this classification such as
- asthma, asthmatic bronchitis, bronchiectasis and others, today the term is
- used to refer to two major lung conditions, chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
- Both are linked by a common cause, cigarette smoking, and both may occur
- simultaneously in the same patient.
- The statistics for COPD are increasingly poor, with more and more deaths
- being attributed to it. In 1976, 44,000 deaths were caused by COPD,
- increasing to 61,000 in 1982 and reaching 72,000 by 1986. And cigarette
- smoking has been the major culprit in 82 percent of the deaths linked to COPD.
- So the answer to one of your concerns is a big, resounding "Yes".
- Let's look at the two diseases and see what has happened to the lungs.
- In chronic bronchitis the tissue lining the bronchi (tubes that carry air to
- the lungs) become irritated and inflamed, presumably from the smoke, and
- secrete more than normal amounts of mucous. These secretions clog the airways
- and are a principle cause of the coughing that marks bronchitis. In
- emphysema, the cells forming the walls in the airspaces within the lung are
- destroyed, resulting in the permanent enlargement of these spaces, and
- reducing the ability to transfer the oxygen from the air to the hemoglobin in
- the red cells circulating in the blood. These changes make the lungs more
- susceptible to recurring respiratory infections, which in turn provoke even
- more damage to the tissues.
- As the lungs suffer this additional injury, less oxygen is available to
- the body tissues and to the heart, and complications continue to increase.
- That's what makes the disease both chronic and progressive. And that in turn
- translates to the need to start treatment now, at the earliest possible
- moment, so that the extent of the damage and the speed with which it
- progresses can both be diminished. And there is a lot that can be
- accomplished, if your brother will only cooperate.
- In addition to a complete history and physical, chest x-rays and a number
- of very important pulmonary function tests will be performed. They tell just
- how much damage has already been done by testing the amount of air the lungs
- can draw in (inspire) in a single breath, for that is limited when obstruction
- is present. The effectiveness of certain medications called "bronchodilators"
- can also be evaluated during these tests. These are called "baseline" tests
- and will be repeated throughout the years to measure the progression of the
- disease and the effectiveness of the therapy and treatments.
- Most important of all the considerations in the fight against COPD is the
- need to stop smoking. The commitment is a "must", for continuing the tissue
- irritation caused by smoke can erase all the benefit that medications may
- provide. Bronchodilators can be useful in keeping the airways open, and
- vaccinations against both flu and pneumonia will help to reduce the
- possibility of more infections. It is a long road to travel and the help and
- support of the whole family can play an important role.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-