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- $Unique_ID{BRK00677}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Can Dry Mouth and Dry Eyes be Related?}
- $Subject{dry eyes eye mouth Sjogren's syndrome SS autoimmune connective tissue
- tissues ill defined symptom symptoms gland glands lymphocytes antibodies
- xerophthalmia xerostomia sicca complex burning discomfort tongue lips
- fissures}
- $Volume{N-22,U-18}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (c) 1991-92,1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
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- Can Dry Mouth and Dry Eyes be Related?
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- QUESTION: I have suffered from dry mouth for several years, but only recently
- have become aware that my eyes always seem too dry as well. My neighbor
- believes that these two conditions are related and that there may be some help
- available. Can you tell me what this might be and what I must do to correct
- it?
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-
- ANSWER: The combination of these two symptoms, dry eyes and a dry mouth, may
- well indicate that you have a condition known as Sjogren's Syndrome (SS). SS
- is, after rheumatoid arthritis, the most common disease of the connective
- tissues. It either occurs on its own in its primary form or in its secondary
- form accompanying another specific and well defined rheumatic disease such as
- rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematous.
- The condition is caused by lymphocytes and antibodies from the
- bloodstream infiltrating the glands that produce tears and saliva and in
- effect drying them up. Loss of tears is known as xerophthalmia, and lack of
- salivation is called xerostomia. In tandem, the two are referred to as the
- "sicca complex." (Other conditions may cause this complex, including aging
- and drug use.)
- Women sufferers of the syndrome outnumber men by nine to one. While the
- condition usually occurs in the individual's fifties, it may develop during
- adolescence or early adulthood. The syndrome is more readily diagnosed in its
- secondary form, where the presence of a recognizable rheumatoid condition
- helps tip doctors off to its presence. In its primary form, it may come and
- go and be hard to pinpoint.
- As you can imagine, lacking the ability to shed tears or produce saliva
- can lead to more than a small amount of discomfort. The eyes may be subject
- to a gritty or filmy sensation from real or imagined foreign particles, as
- well as to general eye fatigue. As the xerophthalmia develops, erosions and
- ulcerations can develop in the surface of the unprotected eye.
- A dry mouth can lead to a sense of burning discomfort, and a decreased
- ability to chew and swallow food. The tongue and lips can develop fissures,
- while the senses of taste and smell can diminish or vanish entirely. The
- dryness can also spread to nose and throat, compounding the discomfort
- experienced. All this in addition to a variety of other pains and aches that
- may occur in connection with the syndrome.
- In primary cases of the syndrome, artificial tears can help minimize the
- discomfort of xerophthalmia; diving goggles are even worn at night to help
- retain eye moisture. When this does not help, soft contact lenses, kept well
- hydrated by frequent applications of saline drops, may yield the necessary
- relief. Xerostomia is easier to treat by sipping fluids throughout the day,
- chewing sugarless gum or using a a 2% solution of methylcellulose as a
- mouthwash. It would be wise to increase the level of humidity in your home by
- using a humidifier.
- In cases of secondary Sjogren's syndrome, the main line of attack is to
- treat the specific disease the syndrome accompanies. This requires a complete
- history and examination by your physician. He or she may find that you have
- some involvement of your joints, as this occurs in about 1/3 of all patients
- with SS. The good news is that this form of arthritis is milder than
- rheumatic arthritis, and rarely leads to joint destruction.
-
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- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
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