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$Unique_ID{COW03056}
$Pretitle{437}
$Title{San Marino
Statistical Profile of San Marino}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{Central Intelligence Agency}
$Affiliation{United States Government}
$Subject{marino
san
rate
italian
italy
na
general
members
party
state}
$Date{1990}
$Log{National Anthem*70500010.aud
Map of San Marino*0305601.scf
Flag of San Marino*0305602.scf
}
Country: San Marino
Book: CIA World Factbook
Author: Central Intelligence Agency
Affiliation: United States Government
Date: 1990
[Hear National Anthem]
[See Map of San Marino]
[See Flag of San Marino]
Statistical Profile of San Marino
Geography
Total area: 60 km2; land area: 60 km2
Comparative area: about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundary: 39 km with Italy
Coastline: none--landlocked
Maritime claims: none--landlocked
Climate: Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Terrain: rugged mountains
Natural resources: building stones
Land use: 17% arable land; 0% permanent crops; 0% meadows and pastures;
0% forest and woodland; 83% other
Environment: dominated by the Appenines
Note: landlocked; world's smallest republic; enclave of Italy
People
Population: 22,980 (July 1989), growth rate 0.6% (1989)
Birth rate: 8 births/1,000 population (1989)
Death rate: 7 deaths/1,000 population (1989)
Net migration rate: 5 migrants/1,000 population (1989)
Infant mortality rate: 9 deaths/1,000 live births (1989)
Life expectancy at birth: 74 years male, 79 years female (1989)
Total fertility rate: 1.3 children born/woman (1989)
Nationality: noun--Sanmarinese (sing. and pl.); adjective--Sanmarinese
Ethnic divisions: Sanmarinese, Italian
Religion: Roman Catholic
Language: Italian
Literacy: 97%
Labor force: about 4,300
Organized labor: Democratic Federation of Sanmarinese Workers (affiliated
with ICFTU) has about 1,800 members; Communist-dominated General Federation of
Labor, 1,400 members
Government
Long-form name: Republic of San Marino
Type: republic
Capital: San Marino
Administrative divisions: 9 municipalities (castelli, singular--castello);
Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino,
Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle
Independence: 301 (by tradition)
Constitution: 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the
functions of a constitution
Legal system: based on civil law system with Italian law influences;
has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
National holiday: Anniversary of the Foundation of the Republic,
3 September
Branches: the Grand and General Council is the legislative body elected by
popular vote; its 60 members serve five-year terms; Council in turn elects two
captains-regent who exercise executive power for term of six months, the
Congress of State, whose members head government administrative departments, and
the Council of Twelve, the supreme judicial body; actual executive power is
wielded by the secretary of state for foreign affairs and the secretary of state
for internal affairs
Leaders: Gabriele GATTI (Christian Democrat), Secretary of State for
Foreign and Political Affairs and for Information (since July 1986);
Alvaro SELVA (Communist), Secretary of State for Internal Affairs and Justice
(since July 1978); Clara BOSCAGLIA (Christian Democrat), Secretary of State for
Finance and Budget (since May 1988)
Suffrage: universal
Elections: election of members to the Grand and General Council required
at least every five years; last election held 29 May 1988
Political parties and leaders: Christian Democratic Party (DCS),
Gabriele Gatti; Communist Party (PCS), Gilberto Ghiotti; Socialist Unity Party
(PSU), Emilio Della Balda and Patrizia Busignani; San Marino Socialist Party
(PSS), Antonio Volpinari; San Marino Social Democratic Party (PSDS),
Augusto Casali; San Marino Republican Party (PRS), Cristoforo Buscarini
Voting strength: (1988 election) DCS 27 seats, PCS 18 seats, PSU 8 seats,
PSS 7 seats
Communists: about 300 members; the PCS, in conjunction with the PSS, PSU,
and PSDS, has led the government since 1978
Other political parties or pressure groups: political parties influenced
by policies of their counterparts in Italy
Member of: ICJ, International Institute for Unification of Private Law,
International Relief Union, ITU, IRC, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WTO; observer
status in NAM
Diplomatic representation: none;
US--no mission in San Marino, but the Consul General in Florence (Italy)
is accredited to San Marino; Consul General Diane DILLARD; Consulate General at
38 Lungarno Amerigo Vespucci, Florence, Italy; telephone 298-276
Flag: two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the
national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield
(featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and
above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)
Economy
Overview: The economy relies heavily on the tourist industry as a source
of revenue. More than 2 million tourists visit each year, contributing about
60% to GDP. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is another
important income producer. The manufacturing sector employs nearly 40% of the
labor force and agriculture less than 4%.
GDP: $NA, per capita $NA; real growth rate NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 6.4% (1986)
Unemployment rate: 6.5% (1985)
Budget: $99.2 million (1983); largest share of revenue is from the sale of
postage stamps to collectors and payments by the Italian Government in exchange
for a monopoly in retailing tobacco, gasoline, and a few other goods;
remittances from Sanmarinese abroad also represent an important net foreign
exchange inflow
Exports: trade data are included with the statistics for Italy; commodity
trade consists primarily of exchanging building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts,
wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, and ceramics for a wide variety of consumer
manufactures
Imports: see Exports
External debt: $NA
Industrial production: growth rate NA%
Electricity: supplied by Italy
Industries: wine, olive oil, cement, leather, textile, tourist
Agriculture: wheat, grapes, other grains, fruits, vegetables, animal
feedstuffs, cheese, livestock hides
Aid: NA
Currency: Italian lira (plural--lire);
1 Italian lira (Lit) = 100 centesimi; also mints its own coins
Exchange rates: Italian lire (Lit) per US$1--1,344.2 (January 1989),
1,301.6 (1988), 1,296.1 (1987), 1,490.8 (1986), 1,909.4 (1985)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications
Highways: 104 km
Telecommunications: automatic telephone system; 11,700 telephones;
stations--no AM, no FM, no TV; radio relay and cable links into Italian
networks; no communication satellite facilities
Defense Forces
Branches: public security or police force of less than 50 people
Military manpower: all fit men ages 16-60 constitute a militia that can
serve as an army
Military budget: NA