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$Unique_ID{COW02475}
$Pretitle{249}
$Title{Morocco
Statistical Profile of Morocco}
$Subtitle{}
$Author{Central Intelligence Agency}
$Affiliation{United States Government}
$Subject{km
rate
moroccan
billion
goods
morocco
national
total
food
king}
$Date{1990}
$Log{National Anthem*66400010.aud
Map of Morocco*0247501.scf
Flag of Morocco*0247502.scf
}
Country: Morocco
Book: CIA World Factbook
Author: Central Intelligence Agency
Affiliation: United States Government
Date: 1990
[Hear National Anthem]
[See Map of Morocco]
[See Flag of Morocco]
Statistical Profile of Morocco
Geography
Total area: 446,550 km2; land area: 446,300 km2
Comparative area: slightly larger than California
Land boundaries: 2,002 km total; Algeria 1,559 km, Western
Sahara 443 km
Coastline: 1,835 km
Maritime claims:
Contiguous zone: 24 nm
Continental shelf: 200 meters or to depth of exploitation
Extended economic zone: 200 nm
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Disputes: claims and administers Western Sahara, but sovereignty is
unresolved; armed conflict in Western Sahara; Spain controls two coastal
presidios or places of sovereignty (Ceuta, Melilla)
Climate: Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior
Terrain: mostly mountains with rich coastal plains
Natural resources: phosphates, iron ore, manganese, lead,
zinc, fish, salt
Land use: 18% arable land; 1% permanent crops; 28% meadows and
pastures; 12% forest and woodland; 41% other; includes 1% irrigated
Environment: northern mountains geologically unstable and subject
to earthquakes; desertification
Note: strategic location along Strait of Gibraltar
People
Population: 25,605,579 (July 1989), growth rate 2.5% (1989)
Birth rate: 35 births/1,000 population (1989)
Death rate: 9 deaths/1,000 population (1989)
Net migration rate: - 1 migrants/1,000 population (1989)
Infant mortality rate: 79 deaths/1,000 live births (1989)
Life expectancy at birth: 62 years male, 65 years female (1989)
Total fertility rate: 4.5 children born/woman (1989)
Nationality: noun--Moroccan(s); adjective--Moroccan
Ethnic divisions: 99.1% Arab-Berber, 0.7% non-Moroccan, 0.2% Jewish
Religion: 98.7% Muslim, 1.1% Christian, 0.2% Jewish
Language: Arabic (official); several Berber dialects; French is language
of business, government, diplomacy, and postprimary education
Literacy: 28%
Labor force: 7,400,000; 50% agriculture, 26% services, 15% industry,
9% other (1985)
Organized labor: about 5% of the labor force, mainly in the Union of
Moroccan Workers (UMT) and the Democratic Confederation of Labor (CDT)
Government
Long-form name: Kingdom of Morocco
Type: constitutional monarchy
Capital: Rabat
Administrative divisions: 36 provinces (provinces, singular--province)
and 2 municipalities* (wilayas, singular--wilaya); Agadir, Al Hoceima, Azilal,
Beni Mellal, Ben Slimane, Boulemane, Casablanca*, Chaouen, El Jadida,
El Kelaa des Srarhna, Er Rachidia, Essaouira, Fes, Figuig, Guelmim, Ifrane,
Kenitra, Khemisset, Khenifra, Khouribga, Laayoune, Marrakech, Meknes, Nador,
Ouarzazate, Oujda, Rabat-Sale*, Safi, Settat, Sidi Kacem, Tanger, Tan-Tan,
Taounate, Taroudannt, Tata, Taza, Tetouan, Tiznit
Independence: 2 March 1956 (from France)
Constitution: 10 March 1972
Legal system: based on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil law
system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of Supreme
Court
National holiday: National Day (anniversary of King Hassan II's accession
to the throne), 3 March (1961)
Branches: the Constitution provides for prime minister and ministers
named by and responsible to the king; the king has paramount executive powers;
unicameral legislature (Chamber of Representatives), two-thirds of whose members
are directly elected and one-third are indirectly elected; judiciary
independent of other branches
Leaders: Chief of State Head of Government HASSAN II, King
(since March 1961); Dr.
Azzedine
LARAKI, Prime Minister (since September 1986)
Suffrage: universal over age 20
Elections: provincial elections held 10 June 1983; elections for National
Assembly held 14 September 1984
Political parties and leaders: Morocco has 15 political parties; the major
ones are Istiqlal Party, M'Hamed Boucetta; Socialist Union of Popular Forces
(USFP), Abderrahim Bouabid; Popular Movement (MP), Secretariat General;
National Assembly of Independents (RNI), Ahmed Osman; National Democratic Party
(PND), Mohamed Arsalane El-Jadidi; Party for Progress and Socialism (PPS),
Ali Yata; Constitutional Union (UC), Maati Bouabid
Voting strength: progovernment parties hold absolute majority in Chamber
of Representatives; with palace-oriented Popular Movement deputies, the King
controls over two-thirds of the seats
Communists: about 2,000
Member of: AfDB, Arab League, CCC, EC (associate), FAO, G-77, GATT,
IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB--Islamic Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, ILO,
International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL,
IOOC, IPU, ITU, NAM, OIC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador M'hamed BARGACH; Chancery at
1601 21st Street NW, Washington DC 20009; telephone (202) 462-7979 through 7982;
there is a Moroccan Consulate General in New York;
US--Ambassador Michael USSERY; Embassy at 2 Avenue de Marrakech, Rabat
(mailing address is P. O. Box 120, Rabat, or APO New York 09284);
telephone [212] (7) 622-65; there are US Consulates General in Casablanca
and Tangier
Flag: red with a green pentacle (five-pointed, linear star) known as
Solomon's seal in the center of the flag; green is the traditional color of
Islam
Economy
Overview: The economy rebounded in 1988, helped by five years of
IMF-supported reform efforts, as well as lower prices for food and oil imports.
Real GDP growth--which dropped to 1.5% in 1987 in the wake of a yearlong
drought--registered a 6% gain in 1988, fueled by a booming tourist industry
and a surge in manufactured exports. The government's commitment to
liberalizing trade and maintaining a competitive exchange rate are also
key factors in the economy's recovery. The agricultural sector, including
fishing, is still a major part of the economy, providing 50% of total
employment and 30% of export revenues. Morocco has the third-largest deposits of
phosphate rock in the world, but falling demand and low world prices have
depressed earnings. Servicing the $19.8 billion foreign debt, high unemployment,
and Morocco's vulnerability to external factors remain serious problems.
GDP: $18.0 billion, per capita $740; real growth rate 1.5% (1987)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.5% (1988)
Unemployment rate: 15% (1988)
Budget: revenues $4.0 billion; expenditures $5.0 billion, including
capital expenditures of $1.2 billion (1987)
Exports: $3.3 billion (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--food and
beverages 30%, semiprocessed goods 23%, consumer goods 21%, phosphates 17%;
partners--EC 58%, India 7%, Japan 5%, USSR 35, US 2%
Imports: $4.2 billion (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--capital
goods 24%, semiprocessed goods 22%, raw materials 16%, fuel and lubricants 16%,
food and beverages 13%, consumer goods 10%; partners--EC 53%, US 11%,
Canada 4%, Iraq 3%, USSR 3%, Japan 2%
External debt: $19.8 billion (1988)
Industrial production: growth rate 3.3% (1987)
Electricity: 2,064,000 kW capacity; 7,757 million kWh produced,
310 kWh per capita (1988)
Industries: phosphate rock mining and processing, food processing,
leather goods, textiles, construction, tourism
Agriculture: not self-sufficient in food; cereal farming and livestock
raising predominate; barley, wheat, citrus fruit, wine, vegetables, olives; some
fishing; an illegal producer of cannabis for the international drug trade
Aid: NA
Currency: Moroccan dirham (plural--dirhams);
1 Moroccan dirham (DH) = 100 centimes
Exchange rates: Moroccan dirhams (DH) per US $1--8.333 (January 1989),
8.209 (1988), 8.359 (1987), 9.104 (1986), 10.062 (1985)
Fiscal year: calend