$Unique_ID{COW02475} $Pretitle{249} $Title{Morocco Statistical Profile of Morocco} $Subtitle{} $Author{Central Intelligence Agency} $Affiliation{United States Government} $Subject{km rate moroccan billion goods morocco national total food king} $Date{1990} $Log{National Anthem*66400010.aud Map of Morocco*0247501.scf Flag of Morocco*0247502.scf } Country: Morocco Book: CIA World Factbook Author: Central Intelligence Agency Affiliation: United States Government Date: 1990 [Hear National Anthem] [See Map of Morocco] [See Flag of Morocco] Statistical Profile of Morocco Geography Total area: 446,550 km2; land area: 446,300 km2 Comparative area: slightly larger than California Land boundaries: 2,002 km total; Algeria 1,559 km, Western Sahara 443 km Coastline: 1,835 km Maritime claims: Contiguous zone: 24 nm Continental shelf: 200 meters or to depth of exploitation Extended economic zone: 200 nm Territorial sea: 12 nm Disputes: claims and administers Western Sahara, but sovereignty is unresolved; armed conflict in Western Sahara; Spain controls two coastal presidios or places of sovereignty (Ceuta, Melilla) Climate: Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior Terrain: mostly mountains with rich coastal plains Natural resources: phosphates, iron ore, manganese, lead, zinc, fish, salt Land use: 18% arable land; 1% permanent crops; 28% meadows and pastures; 12% forest and woodland; 41% other; includes 1% irrigated Environment: northern mountains geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; desertification Note: strategic location along Strait of Gibraltar People Population: 25,605,579 (July 1989), growth rate 2.5% (1989) Birth rate: 35 births/1,000 population (1989) Death rate: 9 deaths/1,000 population (1989) Net migration rate: - 1 migrants/1,000 population (1989) Infant mortality rate: 79 deaths/1,000 live births (1989) Life expectancy at birth: 62 years male, 65 years female (1989) Total fertility rate: 4.5 children born/woman (1989) Nationality: noun--Moroccan(s); adjective--Moroccan Ethnic divisions: 99.1% Arab-Berber, 0.7% non-Moroccan, 0.2% Jewish Religion: 98.7% Muslim, 1.1% Christian, 0.2% Jewish Language: Arabic (official); several Berber dialects; French is language of business, government, diplomacy, and postprimary education Literacy: 28% Labor force: 7,400,000; 50% agriculture, 26% services, 15% industry, 9% other (1985) Organized labor: about 5% of the labor force, mainly in the Union of Moroccan Workers (UMT) and the Democratic Confederation of Labor (CDT) Government Long-form name: Kingdom of Morocco Type: constitutional monarchy Capital: Rabat Administrative divisions: 36 provinces (provinces, singular--province) and 2 municipalities* (wilayas, singular--wilaya); Agadir, Al Hoceima, Azilal, Beni Mellal, Ben Slimane, Boulemane, Casablanca*, Chaouen, El Jadida, El Kelaa des Srarhna, Er Rachidia, Essaouira, Fes, Figuig, Guelmim, Ifrane, Kenitra, Khemisset, Khenifra, Khouribga, Laayoune, Marrakech, Meknes, Nador, Ouarzazate, Oujda, Rabat-Sale*, Safi, Settat, Sidi Kacem, Tanger, Tan-Tan, Taounate, Taroudannt, Tata, Taza, Tetouan, Tiznit Independence: 2 March 1956 (from France) Constitution: 10 March 1972 Legal system: based on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of Supreme Court National holiday: National Day (anniversary of King Hassan II's accession to the throne), 3 March (1961) Branches: the Constitution provides for prime minister and ministers named by and responsible to the king; the king has paramount executive powers; unicameral legislature (Chamber of Representatives), two-thirds of whose members are directly elected and one-third are indirectly elected; judiciary independent of other branches Leaders: Chief of State Head of Government HASSAN II, King (since March 1961); Dr. Azzedine LARAKI, Prime Minister (since September 1986) Suffrage: universal over age 20 Elections: provincial elections held 10 June 1983; elections for National Assembly held 14 September 1984 Political parties and leaders: Morocco has 15 political parties; the major ones are Istiqlal Party, M'Hamed Boucetta; Socialist Union of Popular Forces (USFP), Abderrahim Bouabid; Popular Movement (MP), Secretariat General; National Assembly of Independents (RNI), Ahmed Osman; National Democratic Party (PND), Mohamed Arsalane El-Jadidi; Party for Progress and Socialism (PPS), Ali Yata; Constitutional Union (UC), Maati Bouabid Voting strength: progovernment parties hold absolute majority in Chamber of Representatives; with palace-oriented Popular Movement deputies, the King controls over two-thirds of the seats Communists: about 2,000 Member of: AfDB, Arab League, CCC, EC (associate), FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB--Islamic Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, ILO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOOC, IPU, ITU, NAM, OIC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Diplomatic representation: Ambassador M'hamed BARGACH; Chancery at 1601 21st Street NW, Washington DC 20009; telephone (202) 462-7979 through 7982; there is a Moroccan Consulate General in New York; US--Ambassador Michael USSERY; Embassy at 2 Avenue de Marrakech, Rabat (mailing address is P. O. Box 120, Rabat, or APO New York 09284); telephone [212] (7) 622-65; there are US Consulates General in Casablanca and Tangier Flag: red with a green pentacle (five-pointed, linear star) known as Solomon's seal in the center of the flag; green is the traditional color of Islam Economy Overview: The economy rebounded in 1988, helped by five years of IMF-supported reform efforts, as well as lower prices for food and oil imports. Real GDP growth--which dropped to 1.5% in 1987 in the wake of a yearlong drought--registered a 6% gain in 1988, fueled by a booming tourist industry and a surge in manufactured exports. The government's commitment to liberalizing trade and maintaining a competitive exchange rate are also key factors in the economy's recovery. The agricultural sector, including fishing, is still a major part of the economy, providing 50% of total employment and 30% of export revenues. Morocco has the third-largest deposits of phosphate rock in the world, but falling demand and low world prices have depressed earnings. Servicing the $19.8 billion foreign debt, high unemployment, and Morocco's vulnerability to external factors remain serious problems. GDP: $18.0 billion, per capita $740; real growth rate 1.5% (1987) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.5% (1988) Unemployment rate: 15% (1988) Budget: revenues $4.0 billion; expenditures $5.0 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.2 billion (1987) Exports: $3.3 billion (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--food and beverages 30%, semiprocessed goods 23%, consumer goods 21%, phosphates 17%; partners--EC 58%, India 7%, Japan 5%, USSR 35, US 2% Imports: $4.2 billion (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--capital goods 24%, semiprocessed goods 22%, raw materials 16%, fuel and lubricants 16%, food and beverages 13%, consumer goods 10%; partners--EC 53%, US 11%, Canada 4%, Iraq 3%, USSR 3%, Japan 2% External debt: $19.8 billion (1988) Industrial production: growth rate 3.3% (1987) Electricity: 2,064,000 kW capacity; 7,757 million kWh produced, 310 kWh per capita (1988) Industries: phosphate rock mining and processing, food processing, leather goods, textiles, construction, tourism Agriculture: not self-sufficient in food; cereal farming and livestock raising predominate; barley, wheat, citrus fruit, wine, vegetables, olives; some fishing; an illegal producer of cannabis for the international drug trade Aid: NA Currency: Moroccan dirham (plural--dirhams); 1 Moroccan dirham (DH) = 100 centimes Exchange rates: Moroccan dirhams (DH) per US $1--8.333 (January 1989), 8.209 (1988), 8.359 (1987), 9.104 (1986), 10.062 (1985) Fiscal year: calendar year Communications Railroads: 1,891 km 1.435-meter standard gauge (239 km double track, 894 km electrified) Highways: 58,100 km total; 25,850 km bituminous treated, 32,250 km gravel, crushed stone, improved earth, and unimproved earth Pipelines: 362 km crude oil; 491 km (abandoned) refined products; 241 km natural gas Ports: Agadir, Casablanca, El Jorf Lasfar, Kenitra, Mohammedia, Nador, Safi, Tangier; also Spanish-controlled Ceuta and Melilla Merchant marine: 53 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 337,247 GRT/530,528 DWT; includes 11 cargo, 2 container, 15 refrigerated cargo, 3 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 3 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 13 chemical tanker, 4 bulk, 2 short-sea passenger Civil air: 21 major transport aircraft Airports: 77 total, 70 usable; 26 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over 3,659 m; 14 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 28 with runways 1,220-2,439 m Telecommunications: good system composed of wire lines, cables, and radio relay links; principal centers are Casablanca and Rabat, secondary centers are Fes, Marrakech, Oujda, Tangier, and Tetouan; 280,000 telephones; stations--14 AM, 6 FM, 47 TV; 5 submarine cables; 2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT stations; 1 ARABSAT satellite station; radio relay to Gibraltar, Spain, and Western Sahara; coaxial cable to Algeria Defense Forces Branches: Royal Moroccan Army, Royal Moroccan Navy, Royal Moroccan Air Force, Royal Gendarmerie Military manpower: males 15-49, 5,959,208; 3,792,587 fit for military service; 291,185 reach military age (18) annually; limited conscription Military budget: NA