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- THE WEEK, Page 23BUSINESSAn Era Is History as King Coal Nears Death
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- The British government all but shuts down a once mighty industry
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- Coal has long held a cenrtal place in British life. It
- powered the 19th century Industrial Revo lution, heated homes,
- generated electricity and even caused the fog in London. In 1913
- more than 1 million miners worked in 3,265 pits in Britain. But
- that era is history. In a stunning move, British Coal announced
- that it is closing 31 collieries and laying off 30,000 workers.
- By March 1993, all that will remain of the once powerful and
- proud industry will be 19 working pits employing fewer than
- 20,000 miners.
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- British Coal argues that it was forced into the cuts
- because its best customers, the electric-power companies,
- decided to abandon coal furnaces and convert to gas-operated
- generators. The electric utilities claim that gas will be
- cheaper and more environmentally friendly than coal.
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- But the case against the British coal industry as
- antiquated and disposable is a matter of considerable
- controversy. Britain has only 10 years of gas reserves, in
- contrast to 300 years of coal. In the future the nation may have
- to rely upon foreign gas supplies, which can be both unreliable
- and more expensive. Supporters of the coal industry argue that
- the cost of added scrubbers, which would reduce pollutants
- coming from the old coal-power stations, might be no more than
- that of building the new gas plants.
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