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- SCIENCE, Page 65It's the Czar All Right, But Where's Anastasia?
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- The nine skeletons dug up last year from a pit near
- Yekaterinburg, Russia, were not just any old bones: they were
- believed to be the remains of the murdered Czar Nicholas II and
- his family. If that were true, scientific examination of the
- remains could solve some of the mysteries surrounding the 1918
- Bolshevik execution of the Romanovs. But would anyone believe
- the conclusions of the Russian investigators? To ensure
- credibility, government officials took the unprecedented step
- of inviting a team of American forensic experts to examine the
- remains and offer an independent assessment. "That's tantamount
- to the U.S. asking the Russians for help in investigating the
- death of John Kennedy," says dentist Lowell Levine, co-director
- of the New York State Police forensic-sciences unit.
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- In a bare room on the second floor of the forensics
- institute in Yekaterinburg last month, Levine and three
- colleagues studied the recovered skulls, bones and teeth of five
- females and four males. Their conclusion: these were indeed the
- remains of the Czar, along with his wife Alexandra, three of
- their daughters, the family doctor and three servants, two male
- and one female.
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- Accounts of the execution agree that the victims were
- shot, but vary as to what happened to the bodies. Among the
- reports: they were doused with sulfuric acid, cremated or tossed
- into a mine shaft. The research team found some evidence to
- support parts of the stories. The teeth and bones, for instance,
- show etching and whitening indicative of acid. One surprise was
- that Czar Nicholas appeared to have had little dental care and
- suffered from severe periodontal disease. The Czarina, on the
- other hand, had highly sophisticated dental work, including
- porcelain crowns.
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- Missing were the bodies of the youngest Romanovs: Alexei,
- then 13, and Anastasia, 17. "The bones we have show completed
- growth, which indicates more mature individuals," observes team
- leader William Maples, curator of the Florida Museum of Natural
- History. Did Alexei and Anastasia escape alive, as legend has
- it? Not likely. Their bodies were probably cremated, say the
- scientists. Anthropologist Maples recommends "a good
- archaeological survey outside Yekaterinburg to find the fire
- pit. Then we can put an end to the romantic myths and close the
- case."
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- -- By Anastasia Toufexis
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