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- THE WEEK, Page 16SOCIETYUnderground History
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- Builders uncover a huge burial ground for African-American slaves
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- It is not unusual for a modern construction excavation to
- yield an interesting archaeological relic or two, but this one
- was a treasure. The site was the southern tip of Manhattan, where
- workers last summer began preparing the foundation for a $276
- million, 34-story federal office tower and pavilion. Twenty feet
- below the surface, the diggers uncovered a few human skeletons,
- then a few more -- and then more still. Archaeologists quickly
- found that this was no commonplace graveyard but one that early
- colonial maps called the "Negros Burial Ground," the interment
- site, from 1710 to 1790, of untold numbers of African slaves and
- some white paupers. As of last week, the remains of more than
- 400 bodies had been unearthed.
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- Sifting daily through the rubble, teams of archaeologists
- have found evidence to suggest that the burial ground -- the
- only such pre-Revolutionary cemetery known in the U.S. -- is
- one of the most significant discoveries of the century. Studies
- of children's skeletons, for example, indicate that as much as
- 50% of New York City's slave population died at birth or within
- the first years of life.
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- General Services Administration officials at first refused
- to halt construction of the skyscraper, but congressional
- intervention, complaints from New York's city hall and a shower
- of protests from black organizations forced the GSA to cancel
- its plans. The site is now part of a proposed historic district.
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