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- THE WEEK, Page 27HEALTH & SCIENCEMilky Way Monster
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- Bursts of gamma rays point to a black hole at the center of
- our galaxy
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- It is known as the Great Annihilator: a mysterious region
- close to the center of the Milky Way galaxy that spews out
- bursts of high-energy gamma rays. A popular theory held that the
- Great Annihilator was actually a gigantic black hole, a million
- stars collapsed into a single object so dense that its gravity
- wouldn't let even light escape. New information gathered by the
- Very Large Array radio telescope in New Mexico and published in
- Nature has found that this theory is slightly off the mark. The
- Great Annihilator does indeed seem to be a black hole, but it's
- only as massive as a single star, and it's merely close to, but
- not right at, the center of the Milky Way.
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- An important part of the theory, however, still seems
- valid. It holds that as additional gas falls into the black
- hole, it is compressed and heated. This process creates
- positrons, one form of the strange stuff known as antimatter;
- as the positrons are flung out into space, they eventually
- collide with interstellar clouds. Result: enormous explosions.
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- Every subatomic particle has a corresponding antiparticle,
- identical in mass but differing in one crucial characteristic,
- like electric charge. Positrons, which carry a positive charge,
- are the antiparticles of electrons, which are negative. Matter
- and antimatter destroy each other whenever they meet, and
- because interstellar clouds are full of electrons, these
- particular collisions have been fingered as the power behind the
- Great Annihilator.
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- Black holes are thought to be rather common in the galaxy,
- so why has only one Great Annihilator been found? The answer
- may be that the galactic core is unusually full of gas clouds;
- these provide lots of matter for the antimatter to run into.
- Other parts of the galaxy are just too empty for black holes to
- create much of a bang.
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