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- BUSINESS, Page 47SPECIAL REPORTA Man the Guard Firms Love to Hate
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- Chances are, you won't see these guards being led away in
- handcuffs on the evening news. In contrast to some of its larger
- competitors, sixth-ranked Guardsmark has nurtured a culture
- geared toward doing things right. Managers who neglect even the
- smallest screening procedure have their bonuses docked. While
- executives routinely job-jump among the biggest guard outfits,
- Memphis-based Guardsmark refuses to hire anyone who has ever
- worked for a rival. "I don't want their bad habits," says Ira
- Lipman, the firm's president and owner.
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- Applicants for jobs as "security officers" (a.k.a. guards)
- must first deal with an intimidating 24-page application form
- that, for example, demands 10 years of residential history.
- Neighbors and former employers are interviewed. Any 30-day gaps
- in work backgrounds require a notarized explanation. Many
- applicants are polygraphed; all are drug-screened. Even one-time
- cocaine-snorters need not apply. Guardsmark claims that only 2
- out of every 100 applicants survive, making the process more
- rigorous than many police departments'. Once hired, employees
- take the 567-question Minnesota Multiphasic Personality
- Inventory, an expensive psychological test. If the results
- disclose emotional problems that make the company's psychologist
- leery, the guard is dismissed -- even at the risk of a
- civil-liberties lawsuit.
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- The tough standards pay off. While some Guardsmark guards
- run afoul of the law, the firm's record in 1991 was more than
- twice as clean as that of the New York City police department.
- And cleaner records translate into lower insurance premiums and
- happier clients. Rhode Island Hospital, the state's largest,
- switched two years ago, after using Wells Fargo. "We weren't
- satisfied with the quality of the ((Fargo)) guards or the image
- they portrayed," says Tony Kubica, a vice president at the
- hospital. "The Guardsmark guards were an amazing contrast."
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- Lipman says that by showering his guards with benefits
- that are rare in the trade -- life and health insurance,
- college-tuition aid and at least two weeks of paid vacation --
- he has kept annual turnover to around 57%, vs. 200% to 300% for
- the industry. Not surprisingly, Guardsmark guards don't come
- cheap: typically $16 per billable man-hour, more than twice the
- industry average. "My impression is that Guardsmark's screening
- and supervisory standards are better than the competition's,"
- says Robert McCrie, the security business's leading newsletter
- publisher. "That also prevents it from becoming the largest
- company."
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- It may not be the largest, but it does stand out. Lipman
- not only sets a higher standard; he also runs a campaign to
- upgrade the entire industry -- placing ads, writing editorials,
- lobbying for bills. That prompts some of his rivals to accuse
- him of self-promotion. "Sure the industry is furious with me,"
- concedes Lipman. "I'm a thorn in their side."
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