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- BOOKS, Page 72Double Agents in Exile
-
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- By JOHN ELSON
-
- UNTO THE SONS
- By Gay Talese
- Knopf; 635 pages; $25
-
-
- Every American family, scholars agree, originally came
- from somewhere else. No wonder that questing for one's origins,
- personal or ethnic, has become a booming subgenre of the book
- biz. This sprawling, elegantly written example of the type is
- by a previous chronicler of the New York Times (The Kingdom and
- the Power) and the sexual revolution (Thy Neighbor's Wife). Unto
- the Sons is only marginally autobiographical; in larger measure
- it is the story of the great wave of Italian immigration that
- began around the turn of the century, as filtered through one
- family's experience, and of the hardscrabble world the voyagers
- left behind. Call it Roots dipped in marinara sauce.
-
- Gay (ne Gaetano) Talese was born and raised in Ocean City,
- N.J., a seaside resort founded by teetotaling Methodist
- ministers who sought a prim and sober alternative to glitzy
- Atlantic City nearby. Growing up "olive-skinned in a
- freckle-faced town," young Gay felt himself an alien in Ocean
- City -- the butt, at parochial school, of ethnic slurs by
- Irish-American classmates whose brothers served with the
- American forces liberating Italy during World War II. He even
- felt somewhat of a foreigner in his own family. His father
- Joseph, a workaholic tailor and dry cleaner, was strict,
- austerely religious, often remote; his cool, fastidious mother
- Catherine froze at human touch, even when clutching hands were
- her own children's.
-
- From his father Talese learned that he had a proud and
- fascinating heritage, albeit not untypical for a son of southern
- Italy. His surname derived from Telese -- from a Greek word
- meaning "to initiate to mysteries" -- a town in Italy's lower
- boot that had been partly destroyed by the Romans in 214 B.C.
- because its inhabitants were too friendly to Hannibal's
- Carthaginians. His family, however, was rooted in Maida, 65
- miles northeast of the Strait of Messina, which separates Sicily
- from the rest of Italy. This is a craggy, nearly treeless
- countryside that has seen more than its share of history, good
- and bad. Maida was plundered frequently in pre-Christian times.
- The rebel slave Spartacus led his ragtag army through the area
- during his ill-fated battles with the legions of imperial Rome.
- The medieval German Emperor Frederick II, surrounded by a
- retinue that included his harem, passed by en route to the Sixth
- Crusade. And older men in Maida still recalled the day Garibaldi
- and his Redshirts rode through the village, vowing to free the
- Kingdom of the Two Sicilies from lethargic Bourbon rule.
-
- Life in Maida could be oppressive, governed as it was not
- only by absentee landlords and corrupt bureaucrats in distant
- Naples but also by unwritten codes, rituals and time-honored
- superstitions. Italian peasants, Talese notes, are profoundly
- (and no doubt justifiably) pessimistic; at times of trouble, the
- people of Maida would turn for succor to a favorite saint,
- Francis of Paola, whose decorated statue was paraded through the
- village on the shoulders of its men on great feast days. It is
- not surprising that some of Maida's sons were tempted by the
- riches and freedom that exile offered, leaving behind their
- wives as Italy's so-called white widows.
-
- Much of Unto the Sons tells of three men and their fate in
- promised lands: Talese's father and his grandfather (also named
- Gaetano), who came to America, and a cousin, Antonio Cristiani,
- who found fame and fortune as a tailor in Paris. In different
- ways, all three were what the author calls "emotional double
- agents," loyal to both their adopted and their native countries.
- Ironically, the elder Taleses found work in a community that was
- almost as rigidly structured as Maida had been. Ambler, Pa., was
- a company town, designed by an eccentric entrepreneurial
- physician to house employees of his prospering asbestos firm.
- Lowest of the low, Italians and blacks were located nearest the
- factory and its carcinogenic fumes. Gaetano Talese spent a
- working lifetime in Ambler; Joseph, after a few months, escaped
- to the bracing air of Ocean City.
-
- Unto the Sons has some arid stretches of canned history
- and too many conversations -- admittedly invented by the author
- -- that read like mediocre fiction. But there are also some
- wonderful set pieces, including what may be the most delicious
- story about tailoring since The Emperor's New Clothes. When
- Joseph Talese was an apprentice in Maida, he accidentally cut a
- slit in the trouser leg of an Eastertide suit being made for a
- Mafia don. Disaster loomed: there was not enough material to
- craft new pants, and a disappointed "man of respect" might seek
- terrible revenge.
-
- As siesta time approached, the tailor closed the shop and
- ordered his assistants to pray to St. Francis of Paola. In due
- course came inspiration: the tailor cut an identical slit in the
- pristine trouser leg and sewed up both with an elaborate
- bird-shaped design. When the astonished mafitried on his new
- suit, the tailor explained that wing-tipped knees were the
- latest fashion in the great capitals of the world. As proof, he
- pointed to his assistants: all wore trousers with the identical
- sewn design. The don left, happily in style.
-
- Given such ingenuity, it is easily understandable how the
- people of Maida braved misfortune, and survived.
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