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- WORLD, Page 40The Phoenix of Turkish Politics
-
-
- SULEYMAN DEMIREL, back from political banishment for his seventh
- stint as Prime Minister, sees his country as a bridge to the
- Muslim world
-
- By JAMES WILDE/ISTANBUL and Suleyman Demirel
-
-
- Q. There is talk of Turkey turning from the West. Will you
- remain a strong ally?
-
- A. We have been allies of the U.S. since 1947 against the
- threat from the Soviet Union and the expansion of communism. We
- have had some differences, mostly over Cyprus, but I believe we
- have been able to overcome all the difficulties.
-
- While the military alliance between Turkey and the U.S.
- should continue, it should also become an economic alliance. We
- don't want any favors, just equal opportunities. I told a group
- of U.S. businessmen recently, trust us. Do business in Turkey.
- Invest in Turkey. Your investments will be safe. We are the only
- Muslim country defending secularism, and we believe that being
- Muslim is not a handicap to being part of the Western world.
-
-
- Q. Will Turkey be a bridge between the West and the new
- Muslim states of the former U.S.S.R.?
-
- A. What is going to happen in the former Soviet Union is
- uncertain, so Turkey's position is more important than before.
- A new window of opportunity has opened for us with the Turkic
- republics. They speak our language. [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,
- Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan speak Turkic languages. In
- Tajikistan the language is akin to Iranian Farsi.] We are
- urging them to remain secular and to switch to the Latin
- alphabet.
-
- We are trying to revitalize a Black Sea economic union to
- include both the Balkans and the new Turkic republics. The
- republics are raw-material countries. They have virtually no
- industry. They need technical assistance, advice and investment,
- plus markets for their raw materials. What I am urgently
- suggesting is that all the civilized world should set up a
- Marshall Plan for these Turkic republics to maintain political
- stability.
-
-
- Q. Should the U.S. help the Kurds and Shi`ites in
- rebellion against Saddam?
-
- A. The gulf war ended a year ago. If America wanted Saddam
- Hussein toppled by Kurds and Shi`ites, this should have been
- done by now. There is already an uprising in northern Iraq, and
- the people of Kurdish origin, of Turkish origin, of Iraqi
- origin, are miserable. There is no government control. There are
- tribes, mostly Kurdish, controlling the region. How can these
- poor people topple Saddam? Furthermore, I don't think anyone
- wants the Shi`ites to topple Saddam. That would mean an
- Iranian-style regime. I don't think Iraq's neighbors would be
- very happy about that. The allied coalition that pushed Saddam
- from Kuwait and then left him in Iraq is facing an impasse.
-
-
- Q. You say you will not stand by and watch Saddam launch
- another offensive against the Kurds.
-
- A. Assume that an Iraqi government, with or without
- Saddam, repeats massacres of the Kurds using poison gas, or
- tries to implement genocide. I don't think that either Turkey
- or the world should stand idly by and just watch. Three or four
- million northern Iraqis shouldn't be left to the tyranny of
- anyone. I hope an Iraqi military offensive doesn't happen, but
- if it does, Turkey won't just watch it happen again. We will
- call upon the world to do something.
-
-
- Q. What about Kurdish separatism in your country?
-
- A. These Kurds are not a colonized people. They have the
- same rights as all Turkish citizens. We do not intend to let
- anything inhuman happen to the Turkish Kurds, but separatism
- cannot develop the country, and bloodshed is no answer. For
- those who cause bloodshed we will have no mercy. We cannot use
- the same methods as the terrorist groups, but this problem
- irritates us, that is for sure.
-
- I have made it a matter of national policy to recognize
- the Kurds as a separate ethnic group, and we have a national
- consensus on this matter. The mistreatment of those people by
- the Turkish security forces is not the policy of our
- administration. But from time to time, due to lack of training,
- you may have such incidents. I think it is now minimized, and
- we shall continue to be very careful to see that it doesn't
- happen.
-
-
- Q. Cyprus, as always, remains at the top of your
- diplomatic agenda.
-
- A. We have to be realistic. We are willing to have a
- political solution, because that will ease Turkey's financial
- burden in maintaining troops in northern Cyprus [where the
- Turkish Cypriot community is located; Greek Cypriots live in the
- south]. The basis for any solution should be United Nations
- Resolution 649 [which calls for establishment of an
- independent, bicommunal federal republic on the island of
- Cyprus]. You can't force the two communities to live together
- as if you were making a man and woman marry against their will.
- We are pushing the leaders of northern Cyprus to be reasonable.
- Some people think they are the reason there is still no solution
- there. But these leaders are necessary to explain to their
- people that they have not been cheated or forced.
-
-
- Q. What about full membership in the European Community?
-
- A. The Community has said it will start considering new
- members before the end of 1992. Whom? Poland, Czechoslovakia or
- maybe Hungary? And when this happens, should Turkey be left out
- under such conditions? We became an associate member in 1963.
- I say we should be a full member, and soon. To become a member
- is a way of forcing ourselves to develop, because in order to
- join, we must reach the level of Western countries. That is our
- dream. We will be part of the universal world community with
- universal standards for all our people. And once we achieve
- these universal values, we will have already achieved the
- material ones too.
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