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DD(1L) DD(1L)
NNAAMMEE
dd - convert a file while copying it
SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
dddd [--help] [--version] [if=file] [of=file] [ibs=bytes]
[obs=bytes] [bs=bytes] [cbs=bytes] [skip=blocks]
[seek=blocks] [count=blocks]
[conv={ascii,ebcdic,ibm,block,unblock,lcase,ucase,swab,noerror,notrunc,
sync}]
DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
This manual page documents the GNU version of dddd. dddd
copies a file (from the standard input to the standard
output, by default) with a user-selectable blocksize,
while optionally performing conversions on it.
OOPPTTIIOONNSS
Numbers can be followed by a multiplier:
b=512, k=1024, w=2, xm=number m
_-_-_h_e_l_p Print a usage message and exit with a non-zero sta-
tus.
_-_-_v_e_r_s_i_o_n
Print version information on standard error then
exit.
_i_f_=_f_i_l_e
Read from _f_i_l_e instead of the standard input.
_o_f_=_f_i_l_e
Write to _f_i_l_e instead of the standard output.
Unless _c_o_n_v_=_n_o_t_r_u_n_c is given, truncate _f_i_l_e to the
size specified by _s_e_e_k_= (0 bytes if _s_e_e_k_= is not
given).
_i_b_s_=_b_y_t_e_s
Read _b_y_t_e_s bytes at a time.
_o_b_s_=_b_y_t_e_s
Write _b_y_t_e_s bytes at a time.
_b_s_=_b_y_t_e_s
Read and write _b_y_t_e_s bytes at atime. Override ibs
and obs.
_c_b_s_=_b_y_t_e_s
Convert _b_y_t_e_s bytes at a time.
_s_k_i_p_=_b_l_o_c_k_s
Skip _b_l_o_c_k_s ibs-sized blocks at start of input.
_s_e_e_k_=_b_l_o_c_k_s
Skip _b_l_o_c_k_s obs-sized blocks at start of output.
FSF GNU File Utilities 1
DD(1L) DD(1L)
_c_o_u_n_t_=_b_l_o_c_k_s
Copy only _b_l_o_c_k_s ibs-sized input blocks.
_c_o_n_v_=_c_o_n_v_e_r_s_i_o_n_[_,_c_o_n_v_e_r_s_i_o_n_._._._]
Convert the file as specified by the _c_o_n_v_e_r_s_i_o_n
arguments.
Conversions:
ascii Convert EBCDIC to ASCII.
ebcdic Convert ASCII to EBCDIC.
ibm Convert ASCII to alternate EBCDIC.
block Pad newline-terminated records to size of
cbs, replacing newline with trailing spaces.
unblock
Replace trailing spaces in cbs-sized block
with newline.
lcase Change uppercase characters to lowercase.
ucase Change lowercase characters to uppercase.
swab Swap every pair of input bytes. Unlike the
Unix dd, this works when an odd number of
bytes are read. If the input file contains
an odd number of bytes, the last byte is
simply copied (since there is nothing to
swap it with).
noerror
Continue after read errors.
notrunc
Do not truncate the output file.
sync Pad every input block to size of ibs with
trailing NULs.
FSF GNU File Utilities 2