home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- 138
- Boilermakers
-
- (D.O.T. 805.261 .361, and .381)
-
- Nature of the Work
-
- Boilermakers and boilermaker mechanics construct, assemble, and
- repair boilers, vats, and other large vessels that hold liquids and
- gases. Boilers supply steam to drive huge turbines in electric
- power plants and to provide heat or power in buildings, factories,
- and ships. Tanks and vats are used to process and store chemicals,
- oil, beer, and hundreds of other products.
-
- Following blueprints, boilermakers locate and mark reference points
- on the boiler foundation for installing boilers and other vessels,
- using straightedges, squares, transits, and tape measures. They
- attach rigging and signal crane operators to lift heavy frame and
- plate sections and other parts into place. They align sections,
- using plumb bobs, levels, wedges, and turnbuckles; use hammers,
- files, grinders, and cutting torches to remove irregular edges so
- they fit properly; and bolt or weld them together. Boilermakers
- align and attach water tubes, stacks, valves, gauges, and other
- parts and test complete vessels for leaks or other defects. Usually
- they assemble large vessels temporarily in a fabrication shop to
- insure a proper fit and again on their permanent site.
-
- Because boilers last for a long time 35 years or longer much of the
- work boilermakers do is to maintain them and update components such
- as burners and boiler tubes to make them as efficient as possible.
- Boilermaker mechanics maintain and repair boilers and similar
- vessels. They clean or direct others to clean boilers and inspect
- tubes, fittings, valves, controls, and auxiliary machinery. They
- repair or replace defective parts, using hand and power tools, gas
- torches, and welding equipment, and may operate metalworking
- machinery to repair or make parts. They also dismantle leaky
- boilers, patch weak spots with metal stock, replace defective
- sections, or strengthen joints.
-
- Boilermakers often retrofit old boilers with up to date equipment.
-
- Working Conditions
-
- Boilermakers often use potentially dangerous equipment such as
- acetylene torches and power grinders, handle heavy parts, and work
- on ladders or on top of large vessels. Work may be done in cramped
- quarters inside boilers, vats, or tanks that often are damp and
- poorly ventilated. To reduce the chance of injuries, they may wear
- hardhats, harnesses, respirators, protective clothing, and safety
- glasses and shoes. Boilermakers usually work a 40-hour week but
- occasionally work overtime to meet construction or production
- deadlines.
-
- Employment
-
- Boilermakers held about 26,000 jobs in 1992. About 44 percent
- worked in manufacturing, primarily in boiler manufacturing shops,
- iron and steel plants, petroleum refineries, chemical plants, and
- shipyards. Over one-third worked in the construction industry,
- assembling and erecting boilers and other vessels. Some also work
- for boiler repair firms, railroads, and in Navy shipyards and
- Federal power facilities.
-
- Training, Other Qualifications, and Advancement
-
- Most training authorities recommend a formal apprenticeship to learn
- this trade. Many people become boilermakers by working as helpers
- to experienced boilermakers, but generally lack the wide range of
- skills acquired through apprenticeship. Apprenticeship programs
- usually consist of 4 years of on-the-job training, supplemented by
- about 48 hours of classroom instruction each year in subjects such
- as set-up and assembly rigging, welding of all types, blueprint
- reading, and layout. Experienced boilermakers often attend
- apprenticeship classes to keep their knowledge current.
-
- When hiring helpers, employers prefer high school or vocational
- school graduates. Courses in shop, mathematics, blueprint reading,
- welding, and machine metalworking are useful. Mechanical aptitude
- and the manual dexterity needed to handle tools also are important.
-
- Some boilermakers advance to supervisory positions; because of their
- broader training, apprentices generally have an advantage in
- promotion.
-
- Job Outlook
-
- Persons who wish to become boilermakers may face some competition,
- due to the limited number of apprenticeships available and the
- relatively good wages a journey boilermaker earns. In addition,
- employment of boilermakers is expected to decline through the year
- 2005. However, some openings will arise from the need to replace
- experienced workers who leave the occupation.
-
- Growth should be limited by several factors: The trend toward
- repairing and retrofitting rather than replacing existing boilers;
- the use of smaller boilers, which require less on-site assembly;
- automation of production technologies; and an increase in the use of
- imported boilers.
-
- Most of the industries that purchase boilers are sensitive to
- economic conditions. Therefore, during economic downturns,
- construction boilermakers may be laid off. However, because boilers
- are maintained and repaired even during economic downturns,
- boilermaker mechanics generally have more stable employment.
-
- Earnings
-
- According to the limited data available, boilermakers who usually
- worked full time had median earnings of about $553 per week in 1992.
-
- According to the International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, journey
- boilermakers earned $20.80 per hour in 1992. Apprentices started at
- 60 percent of journey wages, or about $12.50 hourly, with wages
- increasing gradually to the journey wage as progress is made in the
- apprenticeship.
-
- Most boilermakers belong to labor unions. The principal union is
- the International Brotherhood of Boilermakers. Others are members
- of the International Association of Machinists, United Automobile
- Workers, and the United Steelworkers of America.
-
- Related Occupations
-
- Workers in a number of other occupations assemble, install, or
- repair metal equipment or machines. These include assemblers,
- blacksmiths, instrument makers, ironworkers, machinists,
- millwrights, patternmakers, plumbers, sheet-metal workers, tool and
- die makers, and welders.
-
- Sources of Additional Information
-
- For further information regarding boilermaking apprenticeships or
- other training opportunities, contact local offices of the unions
- previously mentioned, local construction companies and boiler
- manufacturers, or the local office of the State employment service.
-
-
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
- !
-