home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- 151
- General Maintenance Mechanics
-
- (D.O.T. 899.261-014 and .381-010)
-
- Nature of the Work
-
- Most craft workers specialize in one kind of work such as plumbing
- or carpentry. General maintenance mechanics use the skills of many
- different crafts. They repair and maintain machines, mechanical
- equipment, and buildings, and work on plumbing, electrical, and
- air-conditioning and heating systems. They build partitions, make
- plaster or drywall repairs, and fix or paint roofs, windows, doors,
- floors, woodwork, and other parts of building structures. They also
- maintain and repair specialized equipment and machinery found in
- cafeterias, laundries, hospitals, stores, offices, and factories.
- Typical duties include troubleshooting and fixing faulty electrical
- switches, repairing air-conditioning motors, and unclogging drains.
-
- Those in small establishments, where they are often the only
- maintenance worker, do all repairs except for very large or
- difficult jobs. In larger establishments, their duties may be
- limited to the general maintenance of everything in a workshop or a
- particular area.
-
- General maintenance mechanics inspect and diagnose problems and
- determine the best way to correct them, often checking blueprints,
- repair manuals, and parts catalogs. They obtain supplies and repair
- parts from distributors or storerooms. They use common hand and
- power tools such as screwdrivers, saws, drills, wrenches, and
- hammers as well as specialized equipment and electronic test
- devices. They replace or fix worn or broken parts, where necessary,
- or make adjustments.
-
- These mechanics also do routine preventive maintenance and ensure
- that machinery continues to run smoothly, building systems operate
- efficiently, and that the physical condition of buildings does not
- deteriorate. Following a check list, they may inspect drives,
- motors, and belts, check fluid levels, replace filters, and so
- forth. Maintenance mechanics keep records of maintenance and repair
- work.
-
- A general maintenance mechanic often is responsible for the
- maintenance of all the systems in a building, such as this rooftop
- air conditioning unit.
-
- Working Conditions
-
- General maintenance mechanics often do a variety of tasks in a
- single day, generally at a number of different locations in a
- building, or in several buildings. They may have to stand for long
- periods, lift heavy objects, and work in uncomfortably hot or cold
- environments. Like other maintenance craft workers, they may work
- in awkward and cramped positions or on ladders. They are subject to
- electrical shock, burns, falls, and cuts and bruises. Most general
- maintenance workers work a 40-hour week. Some work evening, night,
- or weekend shifts, or may be on call for emergency repairs.
-
- Those employed in small establishments, where they may be the only
- maintenance worker, often operate with only limited supervision.
- Those working in larger establishments may work under the direct
- supervision of an experienced craft worker.
-
- Employment
-
- General maintenance mechanics held about 1,145,000 jobs in 1992.
- They worked in almost every industry. More than one-third worked in
- service industries; most of these worked for elementary and
- secondary schools, colleges and universities, hospitals and nursing
- homes, and hotels. About 18 percent were employed in manufacturing
- industries. Others worked for real estate firms that operate office
- and apartment buildings or for wholesale and retail firms,
- government agencies, or gas and electric companies.
-
- Training, Other Qualifications, and Advancement
-
- Most general maintenance mechanics learn their skills informally on
- the job. They start as helpers, watching and learning from skilled
- maintenance workers. Helpers begin by doing simple jobs such as
- fixing leaky faucets and replacing light bulbs and progress to more
- difficult tasks such as overhauling machinery or building walls.
-
- Others learn their skills by working as helpers to other repair or
- construction workers such as carpenters, electricians, or machinery
- repairers. Necessary skills can also be learned in high school shop
- classes and postsecondary trade or vocational schools. It generally
- takes from 1 to 4 years of on-the-job training or school, or a
- combination of both, to become fully qualified, depending on the
- skill level required.
-
- Graduation from high school is preferred, but not always required,
- for entry into this occupation. High school courses in mechanical
- drawing, electricity, woodworking, blueprint reading, science, and
- mathematics are useful. Mechanical aptitude, ability to use shop
- math, and manual dexterity are important. Good health is necessary
- because the job involves much walking, standing, reaching, and heavy
- lifting. Difficult jobs require problem-solving ability, and many
- positions require the ability to work without direct supervision. A
- growing proportion of new buildings rely on computers to control
- building systems, so familiarity with computers may be helpful.
-
- Many general maintenance mechanics in large organizations advance to
- maintenance supervisor or to one of the crafts such as electrician,
- heating/air-conditioning mechanic, or plumber. In small
- organizations, promotion opportunities are limited.
-
- Job Outlook
-
- Job opportunities for people who want to be general maintenance
- mechanics should be plentiful through the year 2005. Employment is
- related to the number of buildings and amount of equipment needing
- maintenance and repair. Employment growth expected to be faster
- than the average for all occupations through the year 2005 will
- occur as the number of office and apartment buildings, stores,
- schools, hospitals, hotels, and factories increases. Although the
- pace of construction of these facilities is expected to be slower
- than in the past, many opportunities arise because this is a large
- occupation with significant turnover, and many replacements are
- needed for those who leave the occupation.
-
- General maintenance mechanics who work in manufacturing industries
- may be laid off during recessions. Most mechanics, however, work in
- relatively stable nonmanufacturing industries and are not usually
- subject to layoff.
-
- Earnings
-
- Earnings vary widely by industry, geographic area, and skill level.
- According to a survey of workplaces in 160 metropolitan areas,
- general maintenance mechanics had median earninings of about $9.37
- an hour in 1992, with the middle half earning between $7.85 and
- $11.05 an hour. Median earnings were about $8.75 an hour in service
- businesses and about $9.90 an hour in manufacturing businesses.
- Mechanics earn overtime pay for work in excess of 40 hours per week.
-
- Some general maintenance mechanics are members of unions, including
- the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees and
- the United Automobile Workers.
-
- Related Occupations
-
- Some of the work of general maintenance mechanics is similar to that
- of carpenters, plumbers, industrial machinery mechanics,
- electricians, and air-conditioning, refrigeration, and heating
- mechanics.
-
- Sources of Additional Information
-
- Information about job opportunities may be obtained from local
- employers and local offices of the Job Service.
-