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- 175
- Dispatchers
-
- (D.O.T. 215.167-010, .367-018; 221.362-014, .367-070, -082;
- 239.167-014; .367-014, -022, -030; 248.367-026; 249.167-014,
- .367-070; 372.167-010; 379.162-010; .362-010, and -018; 910.167-014,
- .367-018; 911.167-010; 913.167-010; .367-010; 914.167-014;
- 919.162-010; 932.167-010; 939.362- 010; 952.167-010; 953.167-010;
- 954.367-010; 955.167-010; and 959.167-010)
-
- Nature of the Work
-
- Dispatchers work in a wide array of situations. Some receive and
- transmit emergency calls from the public requesting assistance and
- coordinate the dispatching of the appropriate service provider.
- Others, like those in transportation, coordinate arrivals and
- departures of shipments so that specific time schedules are kept.
-
- Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers, also called public safety
- dispatchers, are usually the first people the public talks to when
- they call for emergency assistance. Dispatchers receive these calls
- in a variety of settings; they may work in a police station, a fire
- station, a hospital, or a centralized city communications center.
- In many cities, the police department serves as the communications
- center. In these situations, all 911 emergency calls go to the
- police department where a dispatcher handles the police calls and
- screens the others before transferring them to the appropriate
- service.
-
- When handling a call, dispatchers carefully question the caller to
- determine the type, seriousness, and location of the emergency.
- They then quickly decide on the kind and number of units needed,
- locate the closest and most suitable ones available, and send them
- to the scene of the emergency. They keep in touch with the units
- until the emergency has been handled, in case further instructions
- are needed. When appropriate, they stay in close contact with other
- service providers for example, a police dispatcher would monitor the
- response of the fire department when there is a major fire. In a
- medical emergency, dispatchers not only keep in close touch with the
- dispatched units but also with the caller. They often give
- extensive pre-arrival first aid instructions while the caller is
- waiting for the ambulance. They continuously give updates on the
- patient's condition to the ambulance personnel and often serve as a
- link between the medical staff in a hospital and the emergency
- medical technicians in the ambulance. (The work of emergency
- medical technicians is described elsewhere in the Handbook.)
-
- Truck dispatchers who work for local and long distance trucking
- companies coordinate the movement of trucks and freight between
- cities. They direct the pickup and delivery activities of drivers.
- They receive customers' requests for pickup and delivery of freight,
- consolidate freight into truckloads for specific destinations,
- assign drivers and trucks, make up routes and pickup and delivery
- schedules, and provide other information. Bus dispatchers make sure
- that local and long distance buses stay on schedule. They handle
- all problems that may disrupt service and dispatch orders to restore
- service and schedules. Train dispatchers are responsible for the
- timely movement of trains according to train orders and schedules.
- Taxicab dispatchers, or starters, dispatch taxis in response to
- requests for service and keep logs on all road service calls. Tow
- truck dispatchers take calls for emergency road service. They relay
- the problem to a nearby gas station or a tow truck service and see
- to it that the emergency road service is completed. Gas and water
- service dispatchers monitor gas lines and water mains and send out
- service trucks and crews to take care of emergencies. Other
- dispatchers coordinate deliveries, service calls, and related
- activities for a variety of firms.
-
- The computerization of the workplace has aided dispatchers.
-
-
- Regardless of where they work, all dispatchers keep records, logs,
- and schedules of the calls they receive and the action they take.
- They may type and file cards on each call and then prepare detailed
- reports on all activities occurring during their shift. Those who
- work with a computer-aided dispatch system make the appropriate
- entries and corrections into the computer as they occur, and then
- print a log or report at the end of their shift.
-
- Many police, ambulance, taxicab, and tow truck dispatchers work as
- part of a two-person team. One person usually receives incoming
- calls while the other dispatches and follows up on them. This is
- commonplace in large communications centers or companies.
-
- Employment
-
- Dispatchers held about 222,000 jobs in 1992. About one-third were
- police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers, almost all of whom worked
- for State and local governments primarily for local police and fire
- departments. Most of the remaining dispatchers worked for local and
- long distance trucking companies and bus lines; telephone, electric,
- and gas utility companies; wholesale and retail establishments; and
- companies providing business services.
-
- Although dispatching jobs are found throughout the country, most
- dispatchers work in urban areas where large communications centers
- and businesses are located.
-
- Job Outlook
-
- Overall employment of dispatchers is expected to grow about as fast
- as the average for all occupations through the year 2005 due to the
- growing need for the various services that dispatchers provide.
- Most job openings will result from the need to replace those who
- transfer to other occupations or leave the labor force.
-
- Employment of police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers is expected to
- grow about as fast as the average for all occupations. Their
- employment is concentrated in State and local government, an
- industry sector which is expected to experience average growth.
- Increasingly intense competition among government functions for
- available resources should limit the ability of many growing
- communities to keep pace with rapidly growing emergency services
- needs.
-
- Although population growth and economic expansion are expected to
- increase overall employment of other dispatchers not involved in
- public safety, not all specialties will be affected in the same way.
- Employment of taxicab, train, and truck dispatchers is sensitive to
- economic conditions. When economic activity falls, demand for
- transportation services declines. They may experience layoffs or a
- shortened workweek, and jobseekers may have some difficulty finding
- entry level jobs. Employment of tow truck dispatchers, on the other
- hand, is seldom affected by general economic conditions because of
- the emergency nature of their business.
-
- Computerization is making inroads into all areas of dispatching,
- increasing productivity and dampening employment growth somewhat.
- However, computer-aided dispatch systems are very expensive, making
- them affordable only to relatively large establishments, and slowing
- growth of dispatchers using computers.
-
- Related Occupations
-
- Other occupations that involve directing and controlling the
- movement of vehicles, freight, and personnel, as well as information
- and message distribution, are airline-radio operators, airline
- dispatchers, air traffic controllers, radio and television
- transmitter operators, telephone operators, customer service
- representatives, and transportation agents.
-
- Sources of Additional Information
-
- For further information on training for police, fire, and emergency
- dispatchers contact:
-
- Associated Public Safety Communications Officers, 2040 S.
- Ridgewood, South Daytona, FL 32119-8437.
-
- International Municipal Signal Association, P.O. Box 539, 165 East
- Union St., Newark, NY 14513-1526.
-
- For general information and earnings on dispatchers contact:
-
- American Trucking Associations, Inc., 2200 Mill Rd., Alexandria, VA
- 22314-4677.
-
- Service Employees International Union, AFL-CIO, 1313 L St. NW.,
- Washington, DC 20005-4100.
-
- Communications Workers of America, 501 Third St. NW., Washington,
- DC 20001-2797.
-
- American Train Dispatchers Association, 1401 South Harlem Ave.,
- Berwyn, IL 60402-1295.
-
- Information on job opportunities for police, fire, and emergency
- dispatchers is available from the personnel offices of State and
- local governments or police departments. Information about work
- opportunities for other types of dispatchers is available from local
- employers and State employment service offices. (Information on
- training and earnings is in the introduction to material recording,
- scheduling, dispatching, and distributing occupations.)
-
-