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## ## TM ## ## ######### ########## ############### ## ## ## ## ## ###### ## ## **** ## ## ## ### ###### ## ## ############# ## # # ## ## ########## ## ## ## ## #### # # ## ## ## ## # # ## #### # # ### ## ## ## ## # # ## # ### # # ## ## ## ## ## ####### ## # ## ### ## ## ########## ## ## ## ## ### ## ## ## ## ####### ## ## # ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## # ########## ## ## ## ## ############ ## ## ## #### ## ## # # # ############## NJStar(tm) - A Japanese Word Processor Version 2.1j USER MANUAL Copyright (C) Hongbo Ni 1991-1992. All Rights Reserved. ============================================================================= SOFTWARE LICENSE This Software Licence contains of three sections. Please read it carefully. The term "NJStar Owner" refers to Hongbo Ni and Hongbo Data Systems only. Section I. This section is applicable to both NJStar Shareware Version and NJStar Registered Version. 1.1 NJStar is not and has never been public domain software, nor is it free software. It is NJStar owner's property. 1.2 No one may modify or patch the NJStar executable files in any way, including but not limited to decompiling, disassembling, or otherwise reverse engineering the program. 1.3 The use of NJStar, except for the initial 30-day trial, requires registration. The use of unlicensed copies of NJStar by any person, business, corporation, government agency or any other entity is strictly prohibited. Section II. This section is applicable to NJStar Shareware Version. 2.1 Any use of NJStar Shareware Version is the implication of a user's acceptance of the terms and conditions listed in this Licence. 2.2 Non-registered users are granted a limited license to use NJStar Shareware Version on a 30-day trial basis for the purpose of determining whether NJStar is suitable for their needs. 2.3 A limited license is granted to copy and distribute NJStar only for the trial use of others, subject to the above limitations, and also the following: A) NJStar must be copied in unmodified form, complete with the file containing this license information and the file containing registration information. B) The full machine-readable NJStar documentation must be also included with each copy. C) NJStar may not be distributed in conjunction with any other product without a specific license to do so from the author. D) No fee, charge, or other compensation may be requested or accepted, except as authorized below: a) Operators of electronic bulletin board systems (sysops) may make NJStar available for downloading only as long as the above conditions are met. An overall or time-dependent charge for the use of the bulletin board system is permitted as long as there is not a specific charge for the download of NJStar. b) Vendors may distribute NJStar only after obtaining written permission from the Author. Such permission is usually granted. Please write for details (enclose your catalog). Vendors may charge a disk duplication and handling fee, which, when pro-rated to the NJStar product, may not exceed six dollars. Section III. This section is applicable to NJStar Registered Version. 3.1 User's request for registration for NJStar Registered Version is the implication of a user's acceptance of the terms and conditions listed in this Licence. 3.2 A single user license permits a user to use NJStar only on a single computer. Licensed user may use the program on different computers, but may not use the program on more than one computer at the same time. Multiple user license requires special permission. 3.3 A personal user license permits a user to use NJStar primarily for "HOME USE" purpose. Licensed user may use the program at office setting for 10% or less of daily working hours. Organizational user license requires special permission. 3.4 User's registration for NJStar Registered Version is a purchase for the right to use NJStar only under the term and conditions listed in this Licence. At no circumstance, licensed users are allowed to copy or resell their licenses or NJStar product to the third party. 3.5 When upgrade to a newer version of NJStar, user's licence for the previous version are automatically suspended. At no circumstance, licensed users are allowed to transfer or resell their licenses or NJStar product for the previous version to the third party. NOTE: The text of this licence is also listed in file README.DOC. For a complete text of NJStar's LIMITED WARRANTY, please see README.DOC. ============================================================================= ABOUT THIS MANUAL This manual covers complete information to run NJStar 2.1 Shareware Version and Registered Version. This manual contains following parts, 1. NJStar Overview 2. Program Usage 3. Menu and Help 4. File Management 5. Cursor Movement 6. File Editing 7. Search and Replace 8. Block Operation 9. Inputting Japanese 10. Macros Commands 11. Printing and File Conversion 12. NJCONFIG.EXE 13. JAPKANA.EXE and JAPKANJI.EXE 14. JISFONT.EXE Appendix 1: List of NJStar Configurable Functions Appendix 2: List of NJStar Key Names Appendix 3: Summary of NJStar Location-Sensitive Mouse Functions Please notice the following points for this manual. (1). This manual is organized similar to the NJStar's menu tree. All functions are grouped as with they are listed in the main menu. Functions that do not appear in the main menu will be grouped into related parts too. (2). Each function includes a brief explanation. The related information are also presented under each functions. For instance, Romaji input method for Japanese characters is described under the Function of <RomajiInput>. (3). NJStar's configurable function names are presented with <> signs. NJStar's default key configuration are presented with [] signs. For example, <RomajiInput>[Alt+F5] means the command RomajiInput is assigned to Alt+F5 (4). This manual is in EUC-JIS format, containing some Japanese characters. User may view the files in NJStar. When viewing with other English editors, all English characters can be viewed properly, although Japanese characters are scrabbled. (5). This manual may not be able to be printed properly with English editor. (6). This manual is in two files, this file and NJSTAR2.DOC. Please also see file README.DOC for more information. ============================================================================= 1. NJSTAR OVERVIEW This section presents an overview of NJStar 2.1, as well as some concepts that will be used in the following part of this manual. User may start NJStar from any DOS prompt, if the NJStar's subdirectory is in the system path statement. NJStar also provides a full range of command line options, for convenience of opening and editing files. NJStar's interface includes both fully functional menu system and key-pressed command system. All major functions are re-configurable, that is, capable to be reassigned into user selected keys. NJStar provides a brief help screen that can be used as a reminder of command keys. The help screen may be rewritten by user too. Please also remember that NJStar's screen colors are configurable too, through NJCONFIG.EXE. After entering NJStar, the top 24 lines (18 lines for EGA monitors) are used as the editing screen, that user can display and editing file there. The bottom line is used for the following purposes at the most of time, A) Displaying the current Japanese input mode; B) Accepting the Japanese input codes; C) Displaying for Japanese characters that can be used for input; D) Displaying Macro recording mode; and E) Displaying JSACII mode. And the bottom line may also be used for the following purposes when necessary, A) Reporting file or system status; B) Reporting operation results; C) Reporting error messages; and D) Accepting the operational variables. Please notice, there are two different concepts of line in NJStar. One is called "Screen Line," a line as shown in the screen. The other is "Hard Line," a string ending with a [Return] character. Thus, A hard line is a paragraph at many cases. In NJStar, the maximum size of a single file is 64 K. However, NJStar can edit multiple files simultaneously. If multiple files opened for editing, the "File Ring" is established for file management. The file that displays in the screen is known as "Current File." A file ring may looks like the following diagram, with a counterclockwise order: FILENAME.1 <----- Current File / \ / \ / \ FILENAME.2 ---------> FILENAME.3 When a new file opened, it will be added to the file ring, next to the current file, and then the newly-opened file would be switched to the current file. See the following diagram, Current File ---> FILENAME.4 <-------- FILENAME.1 | ^ | | v | FILENAME.2 -------> FILENAME.3 There is no limit of number of files in the file ring, as long as the computer can provide efficient space to load the file. NJStar's file management functions make it very easy to control a single file or a bunch of files. In addition to those functions invoked by the user, NJStar can automatically save current file to prevent any unexpected power interruption. NJStar may also keep a .BAK file for the user when save the file. When inputting Japanese characters, NJStar uses Romaji as the primary input method. When user enters a Romaji code, NJStar will response one or a list of match characters will appear in the bottom line. Then, user may select the relevant character in order to enter it into the editing screen. NJStar's editing functions, including cursor locating, text copying, moving, deleting, as well as undeleting commands, make it possible to manipulate text in the way user would prefer. Then, the complete block functions make those editing tasks even easier, especially for exchanging data between multiple files. NJStar's macros also add the possibility for user to create many shortcuts for many tasks. When printing, user doesn't need to leave NJStar. A file can be printed to 9 pin, 24 pin dot matrix printers, as well as laser printer within NJStar. Meanwhile, NJStar's print format commands enable user to customize the page layout whenever necessary. User may specify the range of the page number to print and the destination of output devices for printing. A file can be output at user's choice, no matter in what JIS code when the file was written. NJStar also provide many file conversion capability. Now, for more detailed description of NJStar's functions and operational procedures, please read the following text. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. PROGRAM USAGE This section describes NJStar's usage, as well as its command line options. To invoke NJSTAR from the DOS prompt, first please make sure that NJSTAR files (NJSTAR.EXE and other auxiliary files) are in the current subdirectory or accessible through the system path statement. The following is a brief presentation about NJSTAR usage and command line options: [USAGE] NJSTAR [options] [filename, filename, ... filenames] [+linenum] [OPTIONS] -?/h - Help information -e - Use EGA 19 line display at VGA monitor -d - Automatically display a file until [Ctrl + C] pressed -lmacro - Load Macro from file "macro.NJM" into macro buffer -xmacro - Load Macro from file "macro.NJM" into macro buffer and then execute the macro once Filename: For any file(s) to be edited. More than one file name can be entered at a command line. DOS wildcards, * or ?, can be used as part of file name. The drive name and the full path can be added to the file if necessary. If no file name entered, NJStar will open an unnamed area for editing. +linenum: [linenum] is an integer on which line the cursor will be located after the file is opened. A line here is a string ending with a [Return] character, not a screen line. If line number is greater than maximum line number, the cursor will be located at the end of the file. The special line number, "+$", will bring the cursor to the end of the file, too. When no line number entered, NJStar will display from the beginning of the file. [EXAMPLES] C:\NJSTAR20> NJSTAR njstar.man +200 njstar +$ C:\NJSTAR20> NJSTAR *.doc *.txt C:\NJSTAR20> NJSTAR -e njstar.doc C:\NJSTAR20> NJSTAR -v *.tx? Please notice that, among NJStar's auxiliary files, only font files can be located at the location other than NJStar's subdirectory. If this is the case, user need to use a DOS environmental variable, NJZK, to identify the location of font files. For example, add the following line to user's AUTOEXEC.BAT, if the font file is located at the subdirectory of C:\NJFONT, SET NJZK=D:\NJFONT ============================================================================= 3. MENU AND HELP This section describes NJStar's Menu and online Help. They are located under "Help" in the main menu. FUNCTION <Menu> [Shift + F1] This function will call up NJStar's pull-down menu. The following is the Menu Tree in English. For the limited space, some items are abbreviated arbitrarily. However, NJStar's regular menu tree is in Japanese. Please specify in user's registration order form for a version that would display Menu and all prompts in English. FILE EDIT BLOCK SEARCH INPUT MACRO OUTPUT HELP ========= ========== ========= ========= ======== ========= ========= ========= LoadFile Undelete MarkBlock Search Romaji MacroRec Print QuickHelp SaveFile DelLine MarkLine Search-> EUCinput MacroExec CreatePCX Copyright RenameFil DelToEndLn CopyBlock Search<- JISinput SaveMacro --------- SaveBlock DelToBegLn MoveBlock Replace Ascii ReadMacro Saveto... ListDir DupLine DelBlock AutoReplc Jascii ..EUC FileList ---------- UnDelBlk --------- ReadKanji ..New-JIS NextFile FileStatus UnMarkBlk BegLine ..Old-JIS PrevFile TimeDate GotoBlock EndLine ..NEC-JIS Save&Quit WordCount Copy PageUp SaveAll Toggle EOL Paste PageDown QuitFile BegFile ExitAll EndFile GotoLine At ASCII mode, or in Romaji input mode without Japanese to be selected in the bottom line, user may press [Esc] to call up the menu. Mouse user may use the mouse cursor pointing at the top line of the screen, then click the mouse's left button once to call up the menu. When the main menu displays, user may use the cursor keys or the mouse cursor to select a main menu item. Then, user may press [Return], or click the left mouse button once, to invoke that item, activating a pull-down submenu. User may select a submenu item in the same way as with the main menu items. To turn off the main menu, user may press [Esc] key, or click the left mouse button once while the mouse cursor pointing to any location outside the current menu area. FUNCTION <QuickHelp> [F1] This function will display NJSTAR's Quick Help screen. The content of default help screen may be found at file NJCONFIG.HLP. There are 24 lines in the help screen, with up to 80 characters in each line. Only 18 Lines can be displayed on EGA screen at one time, but the rest 6 lines will be displayed after the first screen. If user has modified the file NJCONFIG.HLP, or user wants to use his/her own help screen, it is needed to run NJCONFIG.EXE in order to write new Help screen onto NJSTAR.EXE. A help screen file can have 80 characters per line and up to 24 line in maximum. It must be in ASCII format or EUC format. After viewing the help screen, user may press any key to go back to the current editing screen. ============================================================================= 4. FILE MANAGEMENT This section describes NJStar's file management functions. All functions listed here can be found under "File Management" in the top menu. FUNCTION <ListDir> [Alt + F1] This function will list files in a subdirectory, as well as the total file number and free disk space. User may specify the drive, path, or file name, if necessary. After viewing the directory, user may press any key to go back to the editing screen. FUNCTION <EditFile> [F8] This function will open a user specified file on disk, and place it to the File Ring after the current file. Then, NJStar will switch to the newly- opened file and handle it as new current file. When executing this function, NJStar would prompt user for file name. User may enter file at the prompt, including the drive name and full path if necessary. Alternatively, user may enter [F1] to list out all files in the current directory in a pop-up directory menu, and then select file there with cursor keys or the mouse, as with selecting a menu item. The pop-up directory menu provides a handy way for user to navigate all disk drives. Before switching to the newly-opened file, NJStar would check to see if the current file is modified. User needs to confirm weather or not to save the current file if any unsaved modification is detected. If user answers [N]o, the unsaved modification in the current file will be abandoned. At any point, user may press [Esc] key to cancel the request. FUNCTION <NextFile> [F10] When editing multiple files, this function will move to the next file in the File Ring and then present that file as the current file. Before leaving the current file, NJStar would check to see if the current file is modified. User needs to confirm whether or to save the current file if any unsaved modification is detected. If user answers [N]o, the unsaved modification in the current file will be abandoned. However, before entering an answer, user may press [Esc] to cancel the request. FUNCTION <PrevFile> [Alt + F10] When editing multiple files, this function will move to the previous file in the File Ring and then present that file as the current file. (Please see <NextFile>.) FUNCTION <FileList> [Ctrl + F10] When editing multiple files, this function will display a pop-up menu with all file names in the current File Ring. The current file name will be listed as the first item and others listed in the order of the File Ring. User may select any file from the list, without changing the order of the File Ring. When the list displays, user may use the cursor key to select an file name, and then press [Return] to move to that file. Or, user may use the mouse cursor to point to the file name and then click the left button once to select the file. User may also press [Esc] to select no file and go back to the current file. Otherwise, when a file is selected, NJStar will check the modification in the current file. If there is any unsaved modification, the system will ask the user to save the file if necessary. (Please see <NextFile>.) If there is no Japanese character at the bottom line waiting to be selected, mouse user may also point the mouse cursor at the middle section of the bottom line and then click the left button once to invoke this function. FUNCTION <RenameFile> [F7] This function will rename the current file to a user specified name, without saving it immediately. The program will prompt user to enter the new file name. User may enter a valid file name, with drive name and full path if necessary. NJStar would prompt the user to confirm the name if the file name exists already. User could always cancel the request by pressing [Esc] key. FUNCTION <SaveFile> [F2] This function will save the current file to disk, under its current file name. If NJStar is configured to produce .BAK file when save file, it will procedure a .BAK file before saving. If disk is full or the file is read only, an error message will be displayed on the bottom line. FUNCTION <File> [F4] When quitting from the current file, this function will save the current file to disk. Then, if there was only one opening file, it quits to DOS, otherwise, it quits to the next file in the File Ring. If disk is full or the file is READ ONLY, an error message will be displayed on the bottom line and NJStar will stop to quit. If the disk is full, user may change to other disk. If current editing file is READ ONLY, user may apply <RenameFile> to rename current file to another file name, then run <File> or <SaveFile> again. FUNCTION <SaveAll> [Ctrl + F4] When editing multiple files, this function will save the current file to disk. Then, it will release all files from the File Ring and quit from NJStar back to the DOS. If it fails to save files, it would stop to quit. (Please see <File>.) FUNCTION <QuitFile> [F3] When quitting from the current file, this function will permit user to quit the current file without saving. However, if the current file has been modified, user needs to confirm if user wants or not to save the file. Press [Y] for keeping modification, or [N] to quit for sure. After that, if there was only one opening file, it quits to DOS, otherwise, it quits to the next file in the File Ring. FUNCTION <QuitAll> [Ctrl + F3] When editing multiple files, this function will permit user to quit the current file without saving. However, if the current file has been modified, user may need to confirm if user wants to save the file. (Please see <QuitFile>. ============================================================================= 5. CURSOR MOVEMENT This section describes NJStar's cursor movement functions. Some of them are located under "Search/Move" in the top menu. Mouse user may point the mouse cursor to any position in the screen, except the top line, and then click the left button once to relocated the cursor in the current screen. FUNCTION <CursorLeft> [LEFT] This function will move the cursor to the previous character, if the cursor is on the beginning of the current line, the cursor will move to the end of the previous line. If the cursor is on the top left of the screen, the screen display will scroll up one line. FUNCTION <CursorRight> [RIGHT] This function will move the cursor to the next character, if the cursor is on the end of the current line, the cursor will move to the beginning of the next line. If the cursor is on the bottom right of the screen, the screen display will scroll down one line. FUNCTION <CursorUp> [UP] This function will move the cursor one line up. A line here is a line shown on the screen, not a hard line. If the cursor is on the top line of the current screen, the screen display will scroll up one line. FUNCTION <CursorDown> [DOWN] This function will move the cursor one line down. If the cursor is on the bottom line of the current screen, the screen display will scroll down one line. FUNCTION <BegLine> [HOME] This function will move the cursor to the beginning of the current screen line. FUNCTION <EndLine> [END] This function will move the cursor to the end of the current screen line. FUNCTION <WordLeft> [Ctrl + LEFT] This function will move the cursor to the beginning of the current word. In NJStar, all Japanese Characters, ASCII letters (a-z, A-Z), numbers (0-9), and underscore (_) are handled as elements of a word. Other characters, including Japanese punctuation, are considered as word separators. FUNCTION <WordRight> [Ctrl + RIGHT] This function will move the cursor to the beginning of the next word. (Please see <WordLeft>.) FUNCTION <BegScreen> [Ctrl + UP] or [Ctrl + A] This function will move the cursor to the top left of the current screen. If the cursor is at that position already, it will do nothing. FUNCTION <EndScreen> [Ctrl + DOWN] or [Ctrl + Z] This function will move the cursor to the bottom left of the current screen. If the cursor is at that position already, it will do nothing. FUNCTION <PageUp> [PGUP] This function will move the cursor to the bottom line of the previous screen, then display a new screen. If the current screen is the top screen, it will do nothing. FUNCTION <PageDown> [PGDN] This function will move the cursor to the top line of the next screen, then display a new screen. If the current screen is the last screen, it will do nothing. Mouse user may also point the mouse cursor at any position in the current screen, except the top line, then click the left button twice to move the cursor one page down. FUNCTION <BegFile> [Ctrl + HOME] This function will move the cursor to the beginning of the file, and redisplay the screen if necessary. If the cursor is at the beginning of the file, it will do nothing. FUNCTION <EndFile> [Ctrl + END] This function will move the cursor to the end of the file, and redisplay the screen if necessary. If the cursor is at the end of the file, it will do nothing. FUNCTION <ScrollUp> [Alt + UP] or [Ctrl + U] This function will scroll the screen display up one line at one time, until the beginning of the file. Mouse user may point the mouse cursor at any position of the current screen, except the top line, and then drag the mouse up to scroll the screen up. FUNCTION <ScrollDown> [Alt + DOWN] or [Ctrl + D] This function will scroll the screen display down one line at one time, until the end of the file. Mouse user may point the mouse cursor at any position of the current screen, except the top line, and then drag the mouse down to scroll the screen down. FUNCTION <GotoLine> [Ctrl + F6] This function will move the cursor to a user specified line and then redisplay the screen if necessary. A line here is a hard line. When NJStar asks for line number, user may response one of the following: Line # Results ====== ==================================================== 100 Go to the 100th line +50 Forward 50 lines from the current line -20 Backward 50 lines from the current line $ Go to the end of the file 9999 When line number exceeded, go to the end of the file ============================================================================= 6. FILE EDITING This section describes NJStar's basic editing commands. Please see the next two sections for Search/Replace and Block Operations. Some functions listed below can be found under "Editing Function" in the main menu. FUNCTION <Enter> [ENTER] This function will insert a [Return] character in the end of the current line and then move the cursor to the beginning of the next new line. This function is also used for accepting user input in the many cases, such as search strings, file names, printing variables, etc. FUNCTION <HardReturn> [GREYENTER] or [Shift + ENTER] This function will enter a [Return] character in the search string. The display of the [Return] character depends on user's setting of the End of Line symbol. The default is ASCII character 20. For other situations, this function is the same as <Enter>. FUNCTION <Space> [SpaceBar] This function will enter a space character into the current file. If the system is in non-JASCII mode, it is an ASCII space character, otherwise, it would be two ASCII space characters. When the bottom line has Japanese characters waiting to be selected, this function is used to for selecting the first character on the list. Please notice, this is not a configurable function. FUNCTION <DelChar> [DEL] This function will delete the character at the current cursor position. If the current cursor is at the end of a line, the End of Line character, i.e., [Return] character, will be deleted so the next line will join to the current line. FUNCTION <BackSpace> [BS] This function will delete the character before the current cursor position. If the current cursor is at the beginning of a line, the previous line's End of Line character will be deleted so the current line will join to the previous line. FUNCTION <DelLine> [Ctrl + BS] This function will delete the current screen line, including the End of Line character. FUNCTION <DelToBegLine> [Ctrl + J] This function will delete all characters up to the beginning of the current screen line, not including the character at the current cursor position. If the cursor is at the beginning of a line, it will do nothing. FUNCTION <DelToEndLine> [Ctrl + K] or [Ctrl + E] This function will delete all characters from that in the current cursor position to the end of the current screen line, not including the End of Line character. However, if the current line is a blank line, or the cursor is at the end of a line, the End of Line character will be deleted. FUNCTION <UnDelLine> [F9] This function will recover text that is most recently deleted by any deleting functions listed above, and insert the recovered text into the current cursor position. If user continually uses one or more deleting functions, all texts deleted continually could be recovered by this function too. However, if user invokes any other non-deleting functions between deleting, including any cursor moving, only the latest deleted text could be recovered. FUNCTION <DupLine> [Ctrl + L] This function will copy the current screen line to the next line, and then move cursor down to the next line. FUNCTION <TimeDate> [Ctrl + T] This function will insert the current system date and time into the editing screen with Japanese convention. That is, data is presented in the order of Year, Month, Day, Weekday, Hour, Minute, and Second. If the system clock is not set correct, the date could be irrelevant. FUNCTION <ToggleEOL> [Ctrl + F9] This function will toggle the display of End of Line symbols. The symbol character and the initial display status can be defined with NJCONFIG.EXE. The default symbol is ASCII character 20, and the default display status is off. FUNCTION <FileStatus> [Ctrl + F1] This function will display the status of the current file, such as which JIS code the curent file is in, file size, number of Japanese characters, and number of hard lines, at the bottom line. The current cursor position, in terms of line and column, is also displayed. With NJCONFIG.EXE, user may specify whether to display the cursor position in hard line or screen line. The default is to display it in hard line. For a slow machine, it is suggested to display it in screen line. FUNCTION <WordCount> [Ctrl + F5] This function will count the frequency of a user specified string, at the area beginning from the current cursor position to the end of the file. The counting result will be displayed at the bottom line. The system will prompt user for a string to be counted when this function is invoked. The string may be any type of text that would appear in the file. When entering a string, user may use any relevant input method to input Japanese or other characters. If this function, or any one of searching functions, is called earlier, the system will prompt with the previously entered string. In this case, user may press [Ctrl + BackSpace] to clear the prompted string, or use arrow keys, [Del], and [Backspace] to edit the string. When ready, user may press [Return] key to accept the string. (The <HardReturn> key is used to enter the End of Line symbol in the string.) Or, if necessary, user may press [Esc] key at any time to cancel the counting request. ============================================================================= 7. SEARCH AND REPLACE This section describes NJStar's Search and Replace functions. All of them are located under "Search/Move" in the top menu. FUNCTION <Search> [F5] This function will search a user specified string, beginning from the current cursor position and towards the end of the file. When the first match string is found, the cursor will be relocated to the beginning of the string and the screen may be redisplayed if necessary. If no match string found, a message will be displayed at the bottom line. The string to be searched may be any type of text that would appear in the text file. Please see <WordCount> for entering the search string. FUNCTION <SearchForward> [Ctrl + F] This function will search a string that user entered previously, beginning from the current cursor position and towards the end of the file. If the first match string is found, the cursor will be relocated to the beginning of the string and the screen may be redisplayed. If no match string found, a message will be displayed at the bottom line. Please notice, if there is no previously entered string, this function would prompt user for a search string. Please see <WordCount> for entering the string. FUNCTION <SearchBackward> [Ctrl + B] This function will search a string, beginning from the character prior of the current cursor position towards the beginning of the file. If the first match string is found, the cursor will be relocated to the beginning of the string and the screen may be redisplayed. If no match string found, a message will be displayed at the bottom line. With NJCONFIG.EXE, user may set up this function to accept user input for a search string or not to do so. If user input is expected, or if there is no previously entered string, user may enter a search string at the prompt. Please see <WordCount> for entering the string. FUNCTION <SearchReplace> [F6] This function will search for a user specified string and replace it with another user specified string, in the area beginning from the current cursor position and towards the end of the file. The system will prompt user for both search string and replace string separately. Similar to other search functions, if previous entered search or replace string exists, it will prompt with those strings. Please see <WordCount> for entering the string. After accepting user input, the system starts to search for the search string. If a match string is found, the cursor will be relocated to the beginning of the string and the screen may be redisplayed. Then, the following prompt is displayed at the bottom line: Replace: (Yes/No/Go/Only/Quit)? Here, user may enter one of initial characters to direct the operation. Those options are: [Y]es - Replace this string and then continue to search for the next one. [N]o - Do not replace this string, but continue to search for the next one. [G]o - Replace all match strings found until the end of the file, without asking for confirmation again. [O]nly - Replace this string only and then stop the operation. [Q]uit - Don't replace anything and stop the operation. The system will report the result at the bottom line. Or, if no match string found, a message will be displayed at bottom line too. FUNCTION <Replace> This function will carry out Search and Replacement automatically, that is, without user confirmation. It is mainly designed for using in Macros. No default key is assigned to this function. ============================================================================= 8. BLOCK OPERATION This section describe NJStar's block manipulating functions. Those functions, except <SaveBlock>, are located under "Block Operation" in the main menu. <SaveBlock> is located under "File" in the main menu. FUNCTION <MarkBlock> [Alt + B] A block here is a segment of file that is deliberately marked in order to be processed separately. This function will mark the character in the current cursor position as the start or end of a block. Mouse user may click the right button once to set the mark. Generally, user needs to use this function twice in order to identify a segment of file as a block. When a block is marked, it will be displayed in reverse video and/or different color. User may change the block display style with NJCONFIG.EXE. Only one block at a time can be recognized by NJStar. Thus, after a block is marked, it is possible for user to use <MarkBlock> function again and again at different locations in order to change the scope of the current block. When switch to another file, the block mark will be released automatically. FUNCTION <MarkLine> [Alt + L] This function will mark current screen line as the start or end of a block. If a block exists, this function will change the scope of the current block. Mouse user may double click the right button to run this function. FUNCTION <UnMarkBlock> [Alt + U] This function will release the current block by unmarking it. Mouse user may click the left and right button at the same time to invoke this function. FUNCTION <MoveBlock> [Alt + M] This function will move the current block to the location immediately before the current cursor position. The block mark will stay with the block. This function can't move a block from one opened file to another one. FUNCTION <CopyBlock> [Alt + C] This function will copy the current block to the location immediately before the current cursor position. Meanwhile, the block mark will be released from the original location, moving to the newly copied text. If there is no block defined in the current file, it will restore the content in the internal block buffer, stored by either <Copy> or <DelBlock>. This function can be used to copy a marked block from one opened file to another one, although the block mark disappears before leaving the first file. FUNCTION <Copy> [Ctrl + W] This function will store the current block into the internal block buffer. Then, the block mark will be released. The stored block can be released by <Paste>. Thus, user may use this pair of functions to exchange text between files. FUNCTION <Paste> [Alt + Y] This function will restore the content in the internal block buffer in the location immediately before the current cursor position. The restored text is marked as a block. Since this function is to restore the content of the internal block buffer, it actually can restore the content of deleted block, or copy the latest marked block in a file. FUNCTION <DelBlock> [Alt + D] This function will delete the current marked block, and store it in the internal block buffer. The deleted block can be recovered with <UnDelBlock>, <Paste> or <CopyBlock>. Only the latest deleted block can be recovered. FUNCTION <UnDelBlock> [Alt + F9] This function will recover a block deleted lately, in the location immediately before the current cursor position. The recovered block will be displayed is marked as a block. Since this function is to restore the content of the internal block buffer, it actually can restore the content of stored block by <Copy>, or copy the latest marked block in a file. FUNCTION <GotoBlock> [Ctrl + G] This function will move the cursor to the beginning of the marked block, and then the screen will be redisplayed. FUNCTION <SaveBlock> [Alt + W] This function will save a block to a file, with a user specified file name. The default file name is that for the current file. User may enter a file name, with the drive name and full path if necessary. If the file name given by user exists, the system will ask user to confirm the name in order to avoid accidentally overwriting the file. However, if a file name confirmed by user, NJStar will still produce a .BAK file for the overwritten file. ============================================================================= 9. INPUTTING JAPANESE This section describes NJStar's functions related to inputting Japanese characters. NJStar supports all JIS characters, User may use CCFONT.EXE to add more characters if necessary. Njstar support 3 modes of Japanese input and ASCII input. FUNCTION <RomajiInput> [Alt + F5] This function will set NJStar's input method back to Romaji. When entering Romaji mode, the left end of the bottom line will display a sign of "Romaji". With Romaji input method, alphabet letter [a-z, A-Z] keys and single quote (') and minus sign "-" are used to input Romaji code. All other ASCII keys may be entered into the editing screen. Please notice that [,], [.], [SpaceBar] and all number keys [0-9] are used to assign the input and select Japanese characters, when there are Japanese characters in the bottom line waiting to be selected. Mouse user may point the mouse cursor at the left end of the bottom line and click the left button once, to toggle between Romaji and ASCII input mode. In "Romaji" mode, user can Enter Hiragana, Katakana, Kanji and Katakana version of English words. To Enter ASCII char or JASCII char please see Function <ASCinput> [Alt+F6>. (1) Entering Hiragana NJStar uses following table to translate romaji to Hiragana automatically as user type in the romaji. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - í╝ dja ñ┬ñπ fyo ñ╒ñτ jo ñ╕ñτ myu ñ▀ñσ re ñ∞ ta ñ┐ xa ñí a ñó dje ñ┬ñº fyu ñ╒ñσ ju ñ╕ñσ n ñ≤ ri ñΩ te ñ╞ xe ñº ba ñ╨ dji ñ┬ ga ñ¼ jya ñ╕ñπ n' ñ≤ ro ñφ ti ñ┴ xi ñú be ñ┘ djo ñ┬ñτ ge ñ▓ jye ñ╕ñº na ñ╩ ru ñδ to ñ╚ xka Ñ⌡ bi ñ╙ dju ñ┬ñσ gi ñ« jyi ñ╕ ne ñ═ rya ñΩñπ tsa ñ─ñí xke Ñ÷ bo ñ▄ do ñ╔ go ñ┤ jyo ñ╕ñτ ni ñ╦ rye ñΩñº tse ñ─ñº xo ñ⌐ bu ñ╓ du ñ╔ñÑ gu ñ░ jyu ñ╕ñσ no ñ╬ ryo ñΩñτ tso ñ─ñ⌐ xtu ñ├ bya ñ╙ñπ dya ñ╟ñπ gya ñ«ñπ ka ñ½ nu ñ╠ ryu ñΩñσ tsu ñ─ xu ñÑ bye ñ╙ñº dye ñ╟ñº gye ñ«ñº ke ñ▒ nya ñ╦ñπ sa ñ╡ tu ñ─ xwa ñε byo ñ╙ñτ dyo ñ╟ñτ gyo ñ«ñτ ki ñ¡ nye ñ╦ñº se ñ╗ tya ñ┴ñπ xya ñπ byu ñ╙ñσ dyu ñ╟ñσ gyu ñ«ñσ ko ñ│ nyo ñ╦ñτ sha ñ╖ñπ tye ñ┴ñº xyo ñτ cha ñ┴ñπ dza ñ┬ñπ ha ñ╧ ku ñ» nyu ñ╦ñσ she ñ╖ñº tyi ñ┴ xyu ñσ che ñ┴ñº dze ñ┬ñº he ñ╪ kya ñ¡ñπ o ñ¬ shi ñ╖ tyo ñ┴ñτ ya ñΣ chi ñ┴ dzi ñ┬ hi ñ╥ kye ñ¡ñº pa ñ╤ sho ñ╖ñτ tyu ñ┴ñσ ye ñ¿ cho ñ┴ñτ dzo ñ┬ñτ ho ñ█ kyo ñ¡ñτ pe ñ┌ shu ñ╖ñσ u ñª yo ñΦ chu ñ┴ñσ dzu ñ┼ hu ñ╒ kyu ñ¡ñσ pi ñ╘ si ñ╖ va Ñ⌠Ñí yu ñµ cya ñ┴ñπ e ñ¿ hya ñ╥ñπ ma ñ▐ po ñ▌ so ñ╜ ve Ñ⌠Ñº za ñ╢ cye ñ┴ñº fa ñ╒ñí hye ñ╥ñº me ñß pu ñ╫ su ñ╣ vi Ñ⌠Ñú ze ñ╝ cyi ñ┴ fe ñ╒ñº hyo ñ╥ñτ mi ñ▀ pya ñ╘ñπ sya ñ╖ñπ vo Ñ⌠Ñ⌐ zi ñ║ñú cyo ñ┴ñτ fi ñ╒ñú hyu ñ╥ñσ mo ñΓ pye ñ╘ñº sye ñ╖ñº vu Ñ⌠ zo ñ╛ cyu ñ┴ñσ fo ñ╒ñ⌐ i ññ mu ñα pyo ñ╘ñτ syi ñ╖ wa ñ∩ zu ñ║ da ñ└ fu ñ╒ ja ñ╕ñπ mya ñ▀ñπ pyu ñ╘ñσ syo ñ╖ñτ we ñ± de ñ╟ fya ñ╒ñπ je ñ╕ñº mye ñ▀ñº q ñ≤ syu ñ╖ñσ wi ñ≡ di ñ╟ñú fye ñ╒ñº ji ñ╕ myo ñ▀ñτ ra ñΘ t- ñ├ wo ñ≥ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Examples: toyota -- ñ╚ñΦñ┐ toukyou -- ñ╚ñªñ¡ñτñª The romaji to kana translation is almost identical to that used in other Kanji editor (eg. MOKE by Mark Edwards) or Kanji program (eg. JDIC by Jim Breen), i.e. for a small "tsu" you can type a double consonant, e.g. "shippai", or "t-", e.g. shit-pai, and for "n" you can type "n'" if necessary (e.g. as in "hon'ya" ╦▄▓░). Most of the time just typing ordinary Hepburn or kunrei romaji works. Note that the romaji must follow the kana style for long vowels. Tokyo can be toukyou, but not tookyoo. For small añí eñº iñú oñ⌐ uñÑ tsuñ├ wañε kaÑ⌡ keÑ÷ yañπ yeñº yoñτ yuñσ, type xa, xe, xi, xo, xu, xtu, xwa, xka, xke, xya, xye, xyo and xyu respectively. You can enter as few as one romajinized hiragana or a whole line of romajinized hiragana. DO NOT USE SPACES to separate words. Example: ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: shippai 1 ñ╖ñ├ñ╤ññ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: watashiha 1 ñ∩ñ┐ñ╖ñ╧ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: motte 1 ñΓñ├ñ╞ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: onna 1 ñ¬ñ≤ñ╩ The hiragana is usually displayed as 1. for selection, press [1] or [Space] to select, Press ESC at any time will clear romaji input line. The centered dot for kana seperation can be entered via the single quote ', ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: a'a 1 ñóíªñó (2) Entering Katakana Normally when the romaji is entered, Njstar translate it to hiragana, then search the KANJI.DIC for possible match of the hiragana. If no match found, NJStar displays the Katakana version the romaji as 2. Press [2] to select Katakana. If match found, Njstar will display the Kanji togather with hiragana, If user want to enter the Katakana instead of hiragan or Kanji, Press [ALT+1] to select. or press [ESC] to cancel. Example: ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: o-sutoraria 1 ñ¬í╝ñ╣ñ╚ñΘñΩñó 2 Ñóí╝Ñ╣Ñ╚ÑΘÑñÑó (3) Entering Kanji only word When a Romaji code is entered, if it is correct, it's Hiragana is displayed at bottom line. If the displayed Hiragana match a kana to kanji entry in Wnndict, The matched Kanji are also listed automatically for selection, Example: ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: a 1 ñó 2 ░í 3 ░ó 4 ░ú 5 ░ñ 6 ░⌐ 7 ▓± 8 │½ 9 ╢⌡ 0 ╕π ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: toukyou 1 ñ╚ñªñ¡ñτñª 2 ┼∞╡■ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: oosaka 1 ñ¬ñ¬ñ╡ñ½ 2 ┬τ║σ Press the corresponding number to select Kanji. Press [ESC] to cancel. User may use [SpaceBar] to select the first character, or use a number key, to select any desired character. If there are more than 10 match characters, user may use [>]/[,] or [<]/[.] key to flip through the list, and then select a character in the same way. User may enter [Esc] to cancel the current code, if necessary. (4) Entering Verbs and Adjectives with a Kanji part Entering verbs and adjectives is some what different from entering words that are all kanji. How verbs are entered in NJSTAR relys much on how the the entry appears in the Wnndict dictionary. Verbs that have a kanji part and a hiragana part are looked up in the Wnndict with hiragana for the kanji and an ascii character representing the start of the hiragana part of the verb. For the verb ╜╗ñα (sumu) it is listed as ñ╣m, ╜±ñ» is listed as ñ½k, and ╗╫ñª is listed as ñ¬ñΓu. In NJSTAR just capitalize the character representing the start of the hiragana part of the verb or the 'm', 'k', and 'u' of the above verbs. Below is a couple of examples and how they are to be entered. kanji romaji enter displayed --------- ----------- -------- --------- ╜╗ñα sumu suM ╜╗ ┬╘ñ─ matsu maT ┬╘ ╜±ñ» kaku kaK ╜± ╕½ñδ miru miR ╕½ ┐╖ñ╖ññ atarashii ataraS ┐╖ ┬τñ¡ññ ookii ooK ┬τ ╣Γññ takai takaI ╣Γ ─πññ hikui hikuI ─π ╜╨ñ╣ dasu daS ╜╨ ╗╫ñª omou omoU ╗╫ ╚■ñ╖ññ utsukushi utsukuS ╚■ ┐⌐ñ┘ñδ taberu taB ┐⌐ Example: to enter verb ┐⌐ñ┘ñδ (taberu) ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: taB 1 ┐⌐ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: beru 1 ñ┘ñδ (5) Katakana Version of English words The Katakana Version of some English word can be entered in Romaji input mode. user need to enter a single quote (') before the English word. The available of the word is depands on the entries in Wnndict. Example: ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: 'computer 1 Ñ│Ñ≤Ñ╘Ñσí╝Ñ│Ñ≤Ñ╘Ñσí╝Ñ┐ 2 Ñ│Ñ≤Ñ╘Ñσí╝Ñ┐ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: 'editor 1 Ñ¿Ñ╟ÑúÑ┐ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: 'communication 1 Ñ│Ñ▀ÑσÑ╦Ñ▒í╝Ñ╖ÑτÑ≤ (6) Kanji to kana/english lookup See <ReadKanji> [Alt+X] for more details. (7) Entering Punctuation In Romaji input mode, when there are no thing on input(bottom) line (If there are Kana/Kanji waiting to select, press ESC to clear), all the punctuation character on the keyboard can be entered when there are nothing on input line. ~ ` ! @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) - _ = + \ | [ ] { } ; : ' ' " " < > , . ? / í┴íñí¬í≈í⌠í≡í≤í∩í⌡í÷í╩í╦í╜í▓íßí▄í└í├í╪í┘í┌í█í¿íºí╓í╫í╓í╫í╘í╒íóíúí⌐í┐ (8) A complete sentence: ñóñ╖ñ┐íóñ∩ñ┐ñ╖ñ╧┼∞╡■ñ╦╣╘ñ¡ñ▐ñ╣íú (Ashita, watashi wa toukyou ni ikimasu) ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: ashita 1 ñóñ╖ñ┐ 2 ╠└╞ⁿ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: watashi 1 ñ∩ñ┐ñ╖ 2 ╗Σ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: ha 1 ñ╧ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: toukyou 1 ñ╚ñªñ¡ñτñª 2 ┼∞╡■ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: ni 1 ñ╦ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: iK 1 ╣╘ 2 └╕ ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: kimasu 1 ñ¡ñ▐ñ╣ (9) Entering JIS Character by typing two typable ASCII character In Romaji input mode, if first character is '^', NJSTAR will interprete the rest input as 2 bytes JIS code by masking the high bit on. In email system or news system, the high bit is always been masked off. Using this method, you can reconstruct the actual message from the meaning less ascii character. For example, I send you a email, and say: "my name is [Pd9cGH]". If you want to find out what is inside the [], you can type in the character inside [], NJSTAR will display the Kanji/Kana for selection: ___________________________________________________________________ Romaji: ^Pd9cGH 1 ╨Σ╣π╟╚ FUNCTION <JasciiMode> [Alt + F9] This function will toggle NJStar's JASCII and non-JASCII input mode. In JASCII mode, a sign of "JASCII" will be posted to the right end of the bottom line. The initial input mode can be set by user with NJCONFIG.EXE. There is no difference for Japanese characters input under either mode. For all ASCII characters, in JASCII mode, they are mapped into JASCII counterparts. For instance, an ASCII period, a dot(.), is mapped to a Japanese period, a small circle( íú). However, some ASCII characters are of different presentations in JASCII mode. For instance, an ASCII star, [*], will be mapped to a Japanese Star. Here are the mapping: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z ú┴ú┬ú├ú─ú┼ú╞ú╟ú╚ú╔ú╩ú╦ú╠ú═ú╬ú╧ú╨ú╤ú╥ú╙ú╘ú╒ú╓ú╫ú╪ú┘ú┌ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z úßúΓúπúΣúσúµúτúΦúΘúΩúδú∞úφúεú∩ú≡ú±ú≥ú≤ú⌠ú⌡ú÷ú≈ú°ú∙ú· 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 ú▒ú▓ú│ú┤ú╡ú╢ú╖ú╕ú╣ú░ ~ ` ! @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) - _ = + \ | [ ] { } ; : ' ' " " < > , . ? / í┴íñí¬í≈í⌠í≡í≤í∩í⌡í÷í╩í╦í╜í▓íßí▄í└í├í╪í┘í┌í█í¿íºí╓í╫í╓í╫í╘í╒íóíúí⌐í┐ This function only affects those ASCII characters to be input. Those previously input ASCII characters will stay at their original style. Mouse user may point the mouse cursor to the right end of the bottom line and click the left button once to invoke this function. FUNCTION <EUCinput> [Alt + F4] This function will set NJStar's input method to EUC input. When using EUC method, the left end of the bottom line will display a "EUC" sign. With EUC method, lower case letter keys [a]-[f] and number keys [0]-[9] are used to input a EUC code. All other keys can be used to input into the editing screen. EUC is one of major supplemental input methods in NJStar. The file EUC.DOC lists out all valid EUC codes and the corresponding characters. When entering a EUC code, user need to completely input all four code letters. After that, the character will be entered into the editing screen directly. Example: d0e4 -> ╨Σ b9e3 -> ╣π c7c8 -> ╟╚ FUNCTION <JISinput> [Alt + F3] This function will set NJStar's input method to JIS. When using JIS method, the left end of the bottom line will display a "JIS" sign. With JIS method, only number keys are used to input a JIS codes. All other keys can be used to enter into the editing screen. JIS is one of major supplemental input methods in NJStar. The file JIS.DOC lists out all valid JIS codes and the corresponding characters. When entering a JIS code, NJStar starts to display the match characters after two out of four code numbers are entered. The list will be trimmed down along with more code numbers are entered, until the code is completed and the character will be entered at the editing screen directly. Thus, before a complete code is entered, user is still able to select a desired character with [Alt] + number key. Example: 4868 -> ╨Σ 2567 -> ╣π 3940 -> ╟╚ FUNCTION <ASCinput> [Alt + F6] This function will set NJStar's input method to ASCII. When using ASCII method, the left end of the bottom line will display a "ASCII" sign. The file name, size, and cursor position are displayed at the bottom line. The "*" sign in front of "Bytes" indicates the current file has been modified since it is opened or since last time it was saved. Mouse user may point the mouse cursor at the left side of the bottom line and click the left button once, to toggle between PinYin and ASCII input mode. ASCII mode is used to enter all keyboard characters, plus the extended ASCII character 128-160. To enter those characters, user needs to press [Alt] key down, at the same time, enter the corresponding ASCII code with the numerical keys at the keypad. For instance, to enter [ü], user should press [Alt] key while entering [1], [2], [9] with the keys at the numerical keypad. After that, user releases [Alt] key and the character will enter the editing screen directly. ASCII character 1-31 are displayed as special characters, FUNCTION <ReadKanji> [Alt + X] This function shows the possible Kana of a Kanji at cursor. If a user want show the Kana of a Kanji word, one has to mark the word using Block mark commands, then press this command. When this function is used, NJStar first search the EDICT, If there is entry in EDICT, the entry with Kanji, Kana and English Tanslation is displayed. If no entry found in EDICT, NJSTAR will search Wnndict, If there is entry in WnnDict, the entry with Kanji, Kana is displayed. If no entry found in EDICT, NJSTAR will beep and display a message: [ Not Found ]. Note: EDICT is not supplied with NJSTAR, User can get an official copy from monu6.cc.monash.edu.au file pub/Nihongo/edictj. First rename EDICTJ to EDICT, Then Convert to EDICT.DIC by EDICT.EXE. Whenever EDICT is newer than EDICT.DIC, user should Run EDICT.EXE to make new index file, or NJSTAR will automatically take care by looking at the time stamp. NJSTAR will issue a warning if EDICT is not found in NJSTAR's directory: "WARNING: EDICT not Found, Kanji/Kana->English is not available." (This manual continues at NJSTAR2.DOC.)