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- <text id=91TT1709>
- <title>
- Aug. 05, 1991: South Africa:Crisis of Confidence
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- Aug. 05, 1991 Was It Worth It?
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 42
- SOUTH AFRICA
- Crisis of Confidence
- </hdr><body>
- <p>A scandal engulfs De Klerk, and raises the question: Are he and
- his National Party sincere about sharing power?
- </p>
- <p>By Scott MacLeod/Johannesburg--With reporting by Peter
- Hawthorne/Cape Town
- </p>
- <p> Every few months, President F.W. de Klerk gathers his
- Cabinet colleagues together and heads for the bushveld. In a
- camp in the Transvaal province near the Botswana border, they
- thrash out political strategy, yet find time to sit around a
- fire and eat wild game. The idea is to work, but also to relax
- under the wide African sky.
- </p>
- <p> Last week that sky seemed to be falling in on De Klerk,
- who returned from his latest two-day retreat to face a
- credibility crisis that is growing with bush-fire speed. Exposes
- in the Johannesburg Weekly Mail showed that the government,
- despite repeated denials and stonewalling, had provided covert
- funds via the South African police to underwrite Inkatha, a
- group battling the African National Congress for the support of
- the country's nearly 29 million blacks. By Pretoria's
- admission, Inkatha and an allied labor union received at least
- $600,000.
- </p>
- <p> The scandal widened days later, when Foreign Minister
- Roelof ("Pik") Botha admitted that contrary to previous denials,
- South Africa had secretly spent more than $36 million to keep
- the leftist South West Africa People's Organization from
- winning a commanding victory in pre-independence elections in
- neighboring Namibia in 1989. Pretoria's support of at least
- seven parties opposed to SWAPO may have prevented the
- organization from gaining the two-thirds majority it needed to
- introduce a socialist constitution.
- </p>
- <p> The disclosures of secrecy and subterfuge undermined De
- Klerk's credibility at a critical moment. After destroying the
- pillars of apartheid and persuading the U.S. and other countries
- to drop their sanctions against South Africa, De Klerk must try
- to get the A.N.C. and other black groups to the negotiating
- table to write a new constitution that would extend voting
- rights to the black majority. "Inkathagate," as the press dubbed
- the affair, may delay the start of an all-party conference,
- originally planned as early as September, where the major
- political groups will decide how to structure negotiations. Use
- of secret funds by Pretoria also raised suspicions that it was
- employing below-the-belt tactics to weaken the A.N.C., widely
- considered the most likely group to win the country's first free
- elections.
- </p>
- <p> As disturbing, the scandal lent credence to charges that
- security forces have aided armed attacks by Inkatha supporters
- on A.N.C. members. Since 1986 more than 6,000 people have been
- killed in black-vs.-black clashes, giving comfort to those who
- argue that inherent tribalism renders blacks unfit to be
- stewards of democracy. A.N.C. president Nelson Mandela has
- warned that power-sharing talks could founder unless the
- government can ensure the impartiality of the security forces,
- a notion Inkathagate now puts in serious doubt.
- </p>
- <p> Mandela, who often described De Klerk as a man of
- integrity, is now clearly suspicious of his intentions. The
- A.N.C. demanded a full inquiry and called for a freeze on the
- $132 million earmarked for secret projects in this year's
- government budget. As details of covert funding trickled out,
- politicians--white and black--and newspapers across the
- ideological spectrum demanded quick action to salvage the
- government's relationship with the A.N.C., including the
- resignations of the three Cabinet ministers who have been linked
- to the scandal so far. "De Klerk has blown a good deal of
- credibility at home and abroad," said Democratic Party M.P. Tony
- Leon. "He must act swiftly to restore it if he is to retain
- people's trust."
- </p>
- <p> De Klerk insisted that funds funneled to Inkatha were for
- the organization's anti-sanctions efforts, not political work.
- During a photo opportunity with a visiting official, the usually
- amiable President rebuffed reporters by saying that he would
- hold off all further comment for another week. The delay led to
- opposite lines of speculation: either De Klerk was fumbling
- badly or he was taking time to organize a major shake-up of his
- security establishment.
- </p>
- <p> The biggest attempt to contain the political fallout from
- Inkathagate came from the Zulu-based movement itself. Claiming
- he never knew about Pretoria's $87,500 donation to his
- organization for two rallies in 1989 and 1990, Inkatha leader
- Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi repaid the amount to the government;
- his assistant, M.Z. Khumalo, took responsibility for the
- transaction and resigned.
- </p>
- <p> Even if De Klerk were to sack the Cabinet members involved
- in the payment scheme, it would probably be too little, too
- late. Inkathagate has seriously eroded trust in Pretoria and
- bolstered suspicions that the President and his National Party
- colleagues intend to remain in power if they can, and on their
- own terms. Ironically, Foreign Minister Botha admitted last week
- that the government's illegal spending "probably" strengthened
- the A.N.C.'s long-standing demand for a new interim government
- that includes itself and other black parties.
- </p>
- <p> Freeing Mandela and scrapping the apartheid laws were, in
- retrospect, simple tasks compared with what must come next. A
- watching world still has high hopes for a peaceful transition
- to multiracial democracy in South Africa. But as the Inkatha
- affair shows, the President is not exactly the smooth agent of
- political change suggested by his carefully crafted public
- image.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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