home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- <text id=89TT0310>
- <link 93HT0869>
- <link 91TT1967>
- <link 90TT2502>
- <title>
- Jan. 30, 1989: The Shaky Fortunes Of Gorby Inc.
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- The New USSR And Eastern Europe
- Jan. 30, 1989 The Bush Era Begins
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 37
- SOVIET UNION
- The Shaky Fortunes of Gorby Inc.
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>With the leader's stock faltering, is a takeover possible?
- </p>
- <p> By some indicators, speculation in Gorby futures remains a
- sound investment. Soviet Leader Mikhail Gorbachev, still the
- toast of the West, was host to members of the prestigious
- Trilateral Commission in Moscow last week, chatting amiably
- with Henry Kissinger, former Japanese Prime Minister Yasuhiro
- Nakasone and former French President Valery Giscard d'Estaing. A
- day later the Kremlin announced that come November Gorbachev
- will visit Italy, raising the intriguing prospect of a historic
- meeting between the Communist Party chief and the Pope. And
- with a quick one-two punch, Gorbachev announced plans to reduce
- the Soviet military budget by 14.2%, while his Foreign
- Minister, Eduard Shevardnadze, unveiled plans for unilateral
- reductions of one-fifth of the short-range nuclear missiles in
- Eastern Europe.
- </p>
- <p> By other indicators, mostly of the Soviet domestic variety,
- stock in Gorby Inc. is in a tailspin. Most devastating was the
- news last week that the 1988 Soviet grain harvest ranked as the
- worst in three years. Despite desperate efforts to reform
- agriculture, the harvest came in 16 million tons below the
- previous year and 40 million tons below 1988 targets. Pravda,
- meanwhile, reported that the Soviet crime rate climbed nearly
- 17% in the past year, and attributed the rise partly to
- corruption spawned by new economic freedoms.
- </p>
- <p> Given the contradictory signals, it was hard to know what to
- make of rumors that circulated last week about whether Gorbachev
- might soon be forced to share power or be pushed aside entirely.
- Rumors of political frailty have plagued Gorbachev before, but
- this time they cropped up in more than one place. In Moscow a
- Western diplomat remarked, "There are a lot of indications that
- Gorbachev is losing his grip." In New York City speculation
- swirled in the corridors of the United Nations. "Is it possible
- that Gorbachev has reached the crucible?" asked a West German
- Kremlinologist. "Yes it is." Even a senior Soviet diplomat
- admitted, "The worst could happen, and it could come soon." Yet
- for all the jittery expressions of concern, officials in Bonn,
- Paris and London roundly dismissed any talk of burying Gorbachev
- prematurely. In Washington officials contended that the rumors
- had been fanned by the East Germans and Czechs, and resulted
- from wishful thinking.
- </p>
- <p> Whether genuine or idle, the chatter made plain that
- Gorbachev's power is neither monolithic nor unfettered. At the
- heart of his woes is the apparent failure of his perestroika
- campaign to jump-start the Soviet economy. A report put out by
- the Council of Ministers last week showed that, while the Soviet
- economy grew by 4.4% last year, farms and factories failed to
- produce enough quality goods to satisfy consumer demand. With
- wages now growing faster than productivity, inflation threatens.
- Other figures indicated that exports fell by 2% in 1988, while
- imports (much of it food) rose by 6.5%. "The honeymoon for
- Gorbachev has ended at home," says a Moscow-based Western
- diplomat. "Gorbachev's been in power too long to blame it all
- on Brezhnev."
- </p>
- <p> Ironically, blame might rest with the success of Gorbachev's
- glasnost campaign. The call for openness has given rise to a
- crescendo of grumbling that has become grist for news reports
- calling attention to the shortage of consumer goods. Public
- debate has also offered hints of divisiveness at the top. Last
- week Pravda published a letter, penned by six influential
- conservative writers, that attacked the weekly magazine
- Ogonyok, a leading light of glasnost, for abusing the new
- openness by distorting history. The letter could not have
- appeared in the Communist Party daily without support from some
- top-ranking party members.
- </p>
- <p> A few Kremlinologists read potentially ominous portents into
- the recent emergence of other Soviet officials into the
- limelight. Prime Minister Nikolai Ryzhkov has assumed an
- increasingly high profile, particularly in dealing with the
- post-earthquake cleanup operation in Armenia. Shevardnadze is
- also a familiar face on the evening news these days, as is
- Yegor Ligachev, the dour conservative who has worked at
- softening his brusque image since being bumped from the de facto
- No. 2 party slot by Gorbachev last September. Some tea-leaf
- readers see the increasing visibility of such officials as
- evidence of Gorbachev's waning clout; others see it as evidence
- of his strength, indicating that he feels secure enough to
- delegate considerable responsibility. Either way, notes a
- Western diplomat, "the power used to be in the hands of one man,
- but it's loosening now."
- </p>
- <p> Rumbles of dissension in the military have also fueled the
- whispers. It is hardly surprising that Gorbachev's determination
- to beef up the civilian economy by paring military spending,
- including troop reductions and a cut in arms production by
- 19.5%, has rankled the security-preoccupied military. Two weeks
- ago a bimonthly military newspaper published a broadside
- blasting "pacifist calls to our countrymen asking irresponsibly
- for the Soviet Union unilaterally to `turn swords into
- plowshares.'" The Kremlin quickly produced Marshal Sergei
- Akhromeyev, the former Chief of Staff, to pronounce his support
- for the cuts.
- </p>
- <p> All this volleying has Kremlinologists working overtime,
- especially since so many of them not long ago were confidently
- describing Gorbachev as the man who would lead the Soviet Union
- into the 21st century. Still, the analysts agree on at least one
- point: no credible contender has yet emerged to fill Gorbachev's
- shoes. Even most Soviets concede that perestroika, bitter as it
- may be, is the last hope for economic recovery.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-