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- ## Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997 Kurt Hornik
- ##
- ## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- ## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- ## the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
- ## any later version.
- ##
- ## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
- ## WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- ## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
- ## General Public License for more details.
- ##
- ## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- ## along with this file. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
- ## 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
-
- ## usage: [pval, z] = z_test_2 (x, y, v_x, v_y [, alt])
- ##
- ## For two samples x and y from normal distributions with unknown
- ## means and known variances v_x and v_y, perform a Z-test of the
- ## hypothesis of equal means.
- ## Under the null, the test statistic z follows a standard normal
- ## distribution.
- ##
- ## With the optional argument string alt, the alternative of interest
- ## can be selected.
- ## If alt is "!=" or "<>", the null is tested against the two-sided
- ## alternative mean(x) != mean(y).
- ## If alt is ">", the one-sided alternative mean(x) > mean(y) is
- ## used, similarly for "<".
- ## The default is the two-sided case.
- ##
- ## pval is the p-value of the test.
- ##
- ## If no output argument is given, the p-value of the test is displayed
- ## along with some information.
-
- ## Author: KH <Kurt.Hornik@ci.tuwien.ac.at>
- ## Description: Compare means of two normal samples with known variances
-
- function [pval, z] = z_test_2 (x, y, v_x, v_y, alt)
-
- if ((nargin < 4) || (nargin > 5))
- usage ("[pval, z] = z_test_2 (x, y, v_x, v_y [, alt])");
- endif
-
- if (! (is_vector (x) && is_vector (y)))
- error("z_test_2: both x and y must be vectors");
- elseif (! (is_scalar (v_x) && (v_x > 0)
- && is_scalar (v_y) && (v_y > 0)))
- error ("z_test_2: both v_x and v_y must be positive scalars.");
- endif
-
- n_x = length (x);
- n_y = length (y);
- mu_x = sum (x) / n_x;
- mu_y = sum (y) / n_y;
- z = (mu_x - mu_y) / sqrt (v_x / n_x + v_y / n_y);
- cdf = stdnormal_cdf (z);
-
- if (nargin == 4)
- alt = "!=";
- endif
-
- if (! isstr (alt))
- error ("z_test_2: alt must be a string");
- elseif (strcmp (alt, "!=") || strcmp (alt, "<>"))
- pval = 2 * min (cdf, 1 - cdf);
- elseif (strcmp (alt, ">"))
- pval = 1 - cdf;
- elseif (strcmp (alt, "<"))
- pval = cdf;
- else
- error (sprintf ("z_test_2: option %s not recognized", alt));
- endif
-
- if (nargout == 0)
- s = strcat ("Two-sample Z-test of mean(x) == mean(y) against ",
- "mean(x) %s mean(y),\n",
- "with known var(x) == %g and var(y) == %g:\n",
- " pval = %g\n");
- printf (s, alt, v_x, v_y, pval);
- endif
-
- endfunction
-