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- THE SHOCKING TRUTH ABOUT ELECTRICITY
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- You learn something new everyday. For example, I was just reading
- that story of James Thurber's in which he recalls his grandmother's
- belief that electricity leaks out of an empty light socket if the
- switch has been left on. From this I gather - judging by the
- context, and the fact that Thurber was a humorist, that it doesn't.
-
- I was never taught electricity at school, nor was it often a topic
- of dinner table conversation between my parents. But, what with
- reading Thurber here and there, and having to change a light bulb,
- or tune in a transistor radio, I have picked up a pretty sound
- knowledge of electrical matters. It's not comprehensive. God knows I
- still cant fully understand why you cant boil an egg on an electric
- guitar - but when I jot down a summary of what I've learnt I marvel
- that I have never been asked to write for the electrical journal.
- for instance:
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- a) Most electricity is manufactured in power stations, where
- it is fed into wires which are then wound around large
- drums.
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- b) Some electricity, however, does not need to go along
- wires. That used in lighting for example, and in portable
- radios. This kind of electricity is not generated but is
- just lying about in the air, loose.
-
- c) Electricity makes a low humming noise. This noise may be
- pitched at different levels for use in doorbells,
- telephones and electric organs.
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- d) Electricity has to be earthed. That is to say, it has to
- be connected to the ground before it can function except
- in the case of aeroplanes which have separate
- arrangements.
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- Although electricity does not leak out of an empty light socket, the
- light socket is nevertheless live if you happen to shove your finger
- in it when the switch is on. So, if it is not leaking, what else is
- it doing? electricity is made up of two ingredients, negative and
- positive. One ingredient travels along a wire covered in red plastic,
- the other along a wire covered in black plastic. When these two
- wires meet together, the ingredients mix and form electricity.
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- Electricity may be stored in batteries. Big batteries do not
- nessecarily hold more than small batteries. In big batteries, it is
- just shovelled in, whilst in small batteries (transistors) it is
- packed flat. Incurious people are content to take this for granted.
- they press a switch and the light comes on........And that is all
- they know about this miracle in their homes. This has never been
- enough for me. I have to know how things work, and if I can't find
- out from some technical book, then I combine such information as I
- already have with some simple logic. Thus, it is easy to deduce that
- the light switch controls a small clamp which grips the wires very
- hard, so that the electricity cannot get through. When the light is
- flicked on, the vice is relaxed and the electricity travels to the
- light bulb, where a bit of wire, called the element, is left bare.
- Here, for the first time, we can actually see the electricity, in
- the form of a spark. This spark is enlarged many hundreds of times
- by a curved bulb, which is made of magnifying glass. Why, is our
- next question, do these light bulbs have a limited life? As any
- schoolboy knows, heat converts oxygen in the light bulb to moisture.
- When all the oxygen has been liquified in this manner, it naturally
- quenches the spark!
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- You see, it really is simple - when you know how!!
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- From an original by G1ERT first transmitted in 1989
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