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- NEXRAD Doppler radar is usually the best indicator of tornado activity.
- Doppler radar can provide forecasters with valuable lead time
- necessary to determine the likelihood of tornado development within a
- severe thunderstorm. NEXRAD is often given credit for enabling
- forecasters to put out tornado warnings before a tornado is even
- sighted.
-
- While NEXRAD Doppler radar enables forecasters to issue tornado
- warnings, computer models help in issuing tornado watches.
- Although computer models cannot make predictions about whether a
- tornado might form in a given area at a given time, they do provide
- indications that weather conditions may be right for tornadoes to
- develop.
-
- Satellite pictures also help forecasters predict where tornadoes may
- develop. Because satellites can pinpoint areas of thunderstorm
- activity, forecasters can deduce whether conditions look right for
- tornadoes to develop.
-
- Satellite pictures can also pick up outflow boundaries from
- thunderstorms because they leave what is called a mini-front behind
- them as they move onward. Winds tend to come together along this
- mini-front, and if conditions are right, a severe thunderstorm may
- develop.
-
- Ongoing meteorological research has unlocked new information on
- the formation of tornadoes. Of particular interest to scientists is why
- some supercell storms develop tornadoes while others do not.
-
- PROJECT VORTEX
-
- One meteorological study that collected a great deal of information on
- the correlation between supercell thunderstorms and tornadoes is
- Project Vortex. In 1994 and 1995, professional storm chasers
- associated with this United States government study drove to areas
- where supercell thunderstorms were likely to form.
-
- By comparing surface observation measurements to radar and other
- information about the same supercell thunderstorms, researchers are
- attempting to discover the patterns that will shed light on why
- tornadoes do or do not develop within supercells.
-
- SKYWARN
-
- Skywarn is an organization consisting of individual tornado spotters.
- During severe thunderstorm situations, the spotters closely monitor
- the skies for tornado development. Skywarn members report to their
- local National Weather Service ( NWS ) Office via ham radio or
- cellular phone if they sight possible funnel cloud formations. Skywarn
- organizations generally include members of the local police and fire
- departments among their ranks, men and women specifically trained
- to spot tornado activity.
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