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- Prior to the technology used to develop and launch satellites, it was
- difficult for meteorologists to gauge just where tropical storms were
- forming. The first satellite sent up by the United States to monitor
- weather conditions was Tiros in 1960. Tiros' capabilities are primitive
- compared to today's satellite technology, but it opened the door for
- meteorologists to understand a great deal more about tropical storms.
-
- The story of Hurricane Camille illustrates the advances in weather
- information learned through the use of satellites. In 1969,
- meteorologists did not know as much about the appearance of
- hurricanes on satellite pictures as they know today. It was thought that
- the larger the overall cloud pattern appeared on the satellite image,
- the more intense the tropical storm system would be.
-
- Hurricane Camille's cloud pattern did not cover a large area. Based
- upon the belief that the larger the cloud area, the stronger the storm,
- meteorologists did not realize they were dealing with a Category 5
- hurricane until reconnaissance pilots flew into its eye and discovered
- Camille's extraordinary force.
-
- Meteorologists soon realized it was the position of the hurricane's
- eye relative to the CDO (Central Dense Overcast) that provided the
- best estimate of a hurricane's strength.
-
- Satellite pictures are very important to forecasters because by putting
- several hours of satellite pictures into motion, they can gather
- information on the track and development of the hurricane.
-
- The newest generation of weather satellite is the GOES series.
- GOES-8 was launched in 1994, providing more clarity in satellite
- pictures than ever before. It provides forecasters with updated
- satellite pictures twice each hour.
-
- With the launching of GOES-9 in 1995, forecasters now have full
- satellite photo coverage of the U.S. Atlantic and Pacific coasts at their
- disposal.
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