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| Texas Instruments Calculator Program | 2019-04-13 | 47.5 KB |
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hex view+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
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|00000d50| e7 31 2c 32 3a e0 31 2c | 32 34 2c 34 2c 22 5e 22 |.1,2:.1,|24,4,"^"|
|00000d60| 3a e0 31 2c 32 34 2c 35 | 2c 22 c2 22 3a fe 0b 32 |:.1,24,5|,".":..2|
|00000d70| 30 00 89 4d b2 02 de 20 | 30 3a 99 c7 28 31 34 37 |0..M... |0:..(147|
|00000d80| 29 3a 99 22 11 11 11 11 | 22 00 05 4e bc 02 99 a3 |):."....|"..N....|
|00000d90| 36 29 22 4c 45 54 20 52 | 20 42 45 20 54 48 45 20 |6)"LET R| BE THE |
|00000da0| 49 4e 53 54 41 4e 54 41 | 4e 45 4f 55 53 20 20 20 |INSTANTA|NEOUS |
|00000db0| 20 20 20 20 20 53 45 50 | 41 52 41 54 49 4f 4e 20 | SEP|ARATION |
|00000dc0| 42 45 54 57 45 45 4e 20 | 54 48 45 20 41 4c 50 48 |BETWEEN |THE ALPH|
|00000dd0| 41 20 50 41 52 54 49 43 | 4c 45 20 20 20 41 4e 44 |A PARTIC|LE AND|
|00000de0| 20 54 48 45 20 47 4f 4c | 44 20 4e 55 43 4c 45 55 | THE GOL|D NUCLEU|
|00000df0| 53 2e 20 54 48 45 20 45 | 4c 45 43 54 52 4f 53 54 |S. THE E|LECTROST|
|00000e00| 41 54 49 43 22 00 6f 4e | c6 02 99 22 46 4f 52 43 |ATIC".oN|..."FORC|
|00000e10| 45 20 42 45 54 57 45 45 | 4e 20 54 48 45 20 41 4c |E BETWEE|N THE AL|
|00000e20| 50 48 41 20 50 41 52 54 | 49 43 4c 45 20 41 4e 44 |PHA PART|ICLE AND|
|00000e30| 20 54 48 45 47 4f 4c 44 | 20 4e 55 43 4c 45 55 53 | THEGOLD| NUCLEUS|
|00000e40| 20 43 41 4e 20 42 45 20 | 52 45 50 52 45 53 45 4e | CAN BE |REPRESEN|
|00000e50| 54 45 44 20 42 59 20 54 | 48 45 20 20 45 58 50 52 |TED BY T|HE EXPR|
|00000e60| 45 53 53 49 4f 4e 22 3a | 99 22 11 11 11 11 22 00 |ESSION":|."....".|
|00000e70| 86 4e d0 02 99 a3 31 32 | 29 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.N....12|)" |
|00000e80| 20 45 20 20 45 22 00 9f | 4e da 02 99 a3 31 32 29 | E E"..|N....12)|
|00000e90| 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 47 20 20 41 20 22 00 |" | G A ".|
|00000ea0| b8 4e e4 02 99 a3 31 32 | 29 22 46 20 3d 20 4b 20 |.N....12|)"F = K |
|00000eb0| c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 22 | 00 cf 4e ee 02 99 a3 31 |......."|..N....1|
|00000ec0| 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 32 22 00 |2)" | 2".|
|00000ed0| e7 4e f8 02 99 a3 31 32 | 29 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.N....12|)" |
|00000ee0| 20 20 20 52 22 3a 99 00 | 2e 4f 02 03 99 a3 36 29 | R":..|.O....6)|
|00000ef0| 22 57 48 45 52 45 20 45 | 20 20 3d 20 43 48 41 52 |"WHERE E| = CHAR|
|00000f00| 47 45 20 4f 4e 20 54 48 | 45 20 47 4f 4c 44 20 20 |GE ON TH|E GOLD |
|00000f10| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00000f20| 47 20 20 20 4e 55 43 4c | 45 55 53 22 3a 99 00 74 |G NUCL|EUS":..t|
|00000f30| 4f 0c 03 99 a3 36 29 22 | 41 4e 44 20 20 20 45 20 |O....6)"|AND E |
|00000f40| 20 3d 20 43 48 41 52 47 | 45 20 4f 4e 20 54 48 45 | = CHARG|E ON THE|
|00000f50| 20 41 4c 50 48 41 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | ALPHA | |
|00000f60| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 41 | 20 20 20 50 41 52 54 49 | A| PARTI|
|00000f70| 43 4c 45 22 00 8a 4f 16 | 03 85 3a 99 c7 28 31 34 |CLE"..O.|..:..(14|
|00000f80| 37 29 3a 99 22 11 11 11 | 11 22 00 04 50 20 03 99 |7):."...|."..P ..|
|00000f90| a3 36 29 22 53 49 4e 43 | 45 20 54 48 45 20 46 4f |.6)"SINC|E THE FO|
|00000fa0| 52 43 45 20 42 45 54 57 | 45 45 4e 20 54 48 45 20 |RCE BETW|EEN THE |
|00000fb0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 50 41 | 52 54 49 43 4c 45 53 20 | PA|RTICLES |
|00000fc0| 56 41 52 49 45 53 20 49 | 4e 56 45 52 53 45 4c 59 |VARIES I|NVERSELY|
|00000fd0| 20 57 49 54 48 20 54 48 | 45 20 20 20 20 20 53 51 | WITH TH|E SQ|
|00000fe0| 55 41 52 45 20 4f 46 20 | 54 48 45 20 53 45 50 41 |UARE OF |THE SEPA|
|00000ff0| 52 41 54 49 4f 4e 20 44 | 49 53 54 41 4e 43 45 20 |RATION D|ISTANCE |
|00001000| 54 48 45 22 00 80 50 2a | 03 99 22 50 41 54 48 20 |THE"..P*|.."PATH |
|00001010| 4f 46 20 54 48 45 20 41 | 4c 50 48 41 20 50 41 52 |OF THE A|LPHA PAR|
|00001020| 54 49 43 4c 45 20 49 53 | 20 41 20 20 20 20 20 20 |TICLE IS| A |
|00001030| 20 20 20 48 59 50 45 52 | 42 4f 4c 41 20 57 49 54 | HYPER|BOLA WIT|
|00001040| 48 20 54 48 45 20 47 4f | 4c 44 20 4e 55 43 4c 45 |H THE GO|LD NUCLE|
|00001050| 55 53 20 41 54 20 54 48 | 45 20 20 4f 55 54 45 52 |US AT TH|E OUTER|
|00001060| 20 46 4f 43 55 53 2e 20 | 54 48 45 20 4d 49 4e 49 | FOCUS. |THE MINI|
|00001070| 4d 55 4d 20 44 49 53 54 | 41 4e 43 45 20 54 4f 22 |MUM DIST|ANCE TO"|
|00001080| 00 fa 50 34 03 99 22 57 | 48 49 43 48 20 54 48 45 |..P4.."W|HICH THE|
|00001090| 20 41 4c 50 48 41 20 50 | 41 52 54 49 43 4c 45 20 | ALPHA P|ARTICLE |
|000010a0| 57 4f 55 4c 44 20 41 50 | 50 52 4f 41 43 48 20 54 |WOULD AP|PROACH T|
|000010b0| 48 45 20 47 4f 4c 44 20 | 4e 55 43 4c 45 55 53 20 |HE GOLD |NUCLEUS |
|000010c0| 49 46 20 54 48 45 52 45 | 20 57 45 52 45 20 4e 4f |IF THERE| WERE NO|
|000010d0| 20 46 4f 52 43 45 20 42 | 45 54 57 45 45 4e 20 54 | FORCE B|ETWEEN T|
|000010e0| 48 45 4d 20 49 53 20 43 | 41 4c 4c 45 44 20 54 48 |HEM IS C|ALLED TH|
|000010f0| 45 20 49 4d 50 41 43 54 | 20 22 00 75 51 3e 03 99 |E IMPACT| ".uQ>..|
|00001100| 22 50 41 52 41 4d 45 54 | 45 52 20 42 2e 20 54 48 |"PARAMET|ER B. TH|
|00001110| 45 20 41 4e 47 4c 45 20 | 4d 41 44 45 20 42 59 20 |E ANGLE |MADE BY |
|00001120| 54 48 45 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 41 53 59 4d 50 54 4f |THE | ASYMPTO|
|00001130| 54 49 43 20 44 49 52 45 | 43 54 49 4f 4e 20 4f 46 |TIC DIRE|CTION OF|
|00001140| 20 41 50 50 52 4f 41 43 | 48 20 4f 46 20 54 48 45 | APPROAC|H OF THE|
|00001150| 20 41 4c 50 48 41 20 50 | 41 52 54 49 43 4c 45 20 | ALPHA P|ARTICLE |
|00001160| 41 4e 44 20 54 48 45 20 | 20 41 53 59 4d 50 54 4f |AND THE | ASYMPTO|
|00001170| 54 49 43 20 22 00 f5 51 | 48 03 99 22 44 49 52 45 |TIC "..Q|H.."DIRE|
|00001180| 43 54 49 4f 4e 20 49 4e | 20 57 48 49 43 48 20 49 |CTION IN| WHICH I|
|00001190| 54 20 52 45 43 45 44 45 | 53 20 49 53 20 43 41 4c |T RECEDE|S IS CAL|
|000011a0| 4c 45 44 20 54 48 45 20 | 53 43 41 54 54 45 52 49 |LED THE |SCATTERI|
|000011b0| 4e 47 20 41 4e 47 4c 45 | 20 41 2e 20 4c 45 54 20 |NG ANGLE| A. LET |
|000011c0| 55 53 20 46 49 52 53 54 | 20 20 20 20 46 49 4e 44 |US FIRST| FIND|
|000011d0| 20 54 48 45 20 52 45 4c | 41 54 49 4f 4e 53 48 49 | THE REL|ATIONSHI|
|000011e0| 50 20 42 45 54 57 45 45 | 4e 20 42 20 41 4e 44 20 |P BETWEE|N B AND |
|000011f0| 41 2e 22 3a 85 00 06 52 | 52 03 99 c7 28 31 34 37 |A.":...R|R...(147|
|00001200| 29 3a de 31 2c 31 00 80 | 52 5c 03 e0 31 2c 32 2c |):.1,1..|R\..1,2,|
|00001210| 32 2c 22 54 48 45 20 52 | 45 53 55 4c 54 20 4f 46 |2,"THE R|ESULT OF|
|00001220| 20 54 48 45 20 46 4f 52 | 43 45 20 46 20 41 43 54 | THE FOR|CE F ACT|
|00001230| 49 4e 47 20 4f 4e 20 20 | 20 20 20 54 48 45 20 41 |ING ON | THE A|
|00001240| 4c 50 48 41 20 50 41 52 | 54 49 43 4c 45 20 49 4e |LPHA PAR|TICLE IN|
|00001250| 20 54 48 45 20 54 49 4d | 45 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | THE TIM|E |
|00001260| 20 20 20 49 4e 54 45 52 | 56 41 4c 20 44 54 20 20 | INTER|VAL DT |
|00001270| 49 53 20 41 4e 20 49 4d | 50 55 4c 53 45 22 3a 99 |IS AN IM|PULSE":.|
|00001280| 00 b2 52 66 03 e2 31 2c | 31 32 30 2c 37 32 2c 31 |..Rf..1,|120,72,1|
|00001290| 30 2c 31 30 2c 32 37 30 | 2c 31 30 3a e2 31 2c 31 |0,10,270|,10:.1,1|
|000012a0| 30 30 2c 37 32 2c 31 30 | 2c 31 30 2c 39 30 2c 31 |00,72,10|,10,90,1|
|000012b0| 39 30 00 d1 52 70 03 e0 | 31 2c 31 36 2c 39 2c 22 |90..Rp..|1,16,9,"|
|000012c0| 46 20 44 54 22 3a e0 31 | 2c 31 36 2c 38 2c 22 d2 |F DT":.1|,16,8,".|
|000012d0| 22 00 32 53 7a 03 e0 31 | 2c 32 2c 31 32 2c 22 41 |".2Sz..1|,2,12,"A|
|000012e0| 53 20 41 20 52 45 53 55 | 4c 54 20 4f 46 20 54 48 |S A RESU|LT OF TH|
|000012f0| 49 53 20 49 4d 50 55 4c | 53 45 20 54 48 45 20 20 |IS IMPUL|SE THE |
|00001300| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 4d | 4f 4d 45 4e 54 55 4d 20 | M|OMENTUM |
|00001310| 4f 46 20 54 48 45 20 41 | 4c 50 48 41 20 50 41 52 |OF THE A|LPHA PAR|
|00001320| 54 49 43 4c 45 20 43 48 | 41 4e 47 45 53 20 20 42 |TICLE CH|ANGES B|
|00001330| 59 22 00 51 53 84 03 e0 | 31 2c 31 32 2c 31 36 2c |Y".QS...|1,12,16,|
|00001340| 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 d2 | 20 20 20 d2 20 20 20 d2 |" .| . .|
|00001350| 22 00 72 53 8e 03 e0 31 | 2c 31 32 2c 31 37 2c 22 |".rS...1|,12,17,"|
|00001360| 44 45 4c 54 41 20 50 20 | 3d 20 50 20 2d 20 50 20 |DELTA P |= P - P |
|00001370| 20 22 00 92 53 98 03 e0 | 31 2c 31 32 2c 31 38 2c | "..S...|1,12,18,|
|00001380| 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 32 20 20 20 |" | 2 |
|00001390| 31 22 00 d4 53 a2 03 e2 | 20 31 2c 32 30 30 2c 31 |1"..S...| 1,200,1|
|000013a0| 37 30 2c 31 30 2c 31 30 | 2c 32 37 30 2c 31 30 3a |70,10,10|,270,10:|
|000013b0| e2 31 2c 31 38 30 2c 31 | 37 30 2c 31 30 2c 31 30 |.1,180,1|70,10,10|
|000013c0| 2c 39 30 2c 31 39 30 3a | e0 31 2c 32 35 2c 32 30 |,90,190:|.1,25,20|
|000013d0| 2c 22 d2 22 00 fa 53 ac | 03 e0 31 2c 32 35 2c 32 |,"."..S.|..1,25,2|
|000013e0| 31 2c 22 46 20 44 54 22 | 3a e0 31 2c 32 30 2c 32 |1,"F DT"|:.1,20,2|
|000013f0| 31 2c 22 3d 22 3a fe 0b | 32 30 00 0a 54 b6 03 de |1,"=":..|20..T...|
|00001400| 20 30 3a 99 c7 28 31 34 | 37 29 00 87 54 c0 03 99 | 0:..(14|7)..T...|
|00001410| a3 36 29 22 4e 4f 57 20 | 49 46 20 54 48 45 20 47 |.6)"NOW |IF THE G|
|00001420| 4f 4c 44 20 4e 55 43 4c | 45 55 53 20 52 45 4d 41 |OLD NUCL|EUS REMA|
|00001430| 49 4e 53 20 20 20 53 54 | 41 54 49 4f 4e 41 52 59 |INS ST|ATIONARY|
|00001440| 20 44 55 52 49 4e 47 20 | 54 48 45 20 54 52 41 4e | DURING |THE TRAN|
|00001450| 53 49 54 20 4f 46 20 54 | 48 45 20 20 20 20 41 4c |SIT OF T|HE AL|
|00001460| 50 48 41 20 50 41 52 54 | 49 43 4c 45 2c 20 54 48 |PHA PART|ICLE, TH|
|00001470| 45 20 4d 41 47 4e 49 54 | 55 44 45 20 4f 46 20 54 |E MAGNIT|UDE OF T|
|00001480| 48 45 20 20 20 20 22 00 | d4 54 ca 03 99 22 4d 4f |HE ".|.T..."MO|
|00001490| 4d 45 4e 54 55 4d 20 4f | 46 20 54 48 45 20 41 4c |MENTUM O|F THE AL|
|000014a0| 50 48 41 20 50 41 52 54 | 49 43 4c 45 20 41 4c 53 |PHA PART|ICLE ALS|
|000014b0| 4f 20 20 20 20 20 52 45 | 4d 41 49 4e 53 20 43 4f |O RE|MAINS CO|
|000014c0| 4e 53 54 41 4e 54 2e 20 | 48 45 4e 43 45 22 3a 99 |NSTANT. |HENCE":.|
|000014d0| 22 11 11 22 00 ed 54 d4 | 03 99 a3 31 32 29 22 50 |".."..T.|...12)"P|
|000014e0| 20 20 3d 20 50 20 20 3d | 20 4d 20 56 22 00 0b 55 | = P =| M V"..U|
|000014f0| de 03 99 a3 31 32 29 22 | 20 31 20 20 20 20 32 20 |....12)"| 1 2 |
|00001500| 20 20 20 41 22 3a 99 22 | 11 11 22 00 91 55 e8 03 | A":."|.."..U..|
|00001510| 99 a3 36 29 22 54 48 45 | 20 47 45 4f 4d 45 54 52 |..6)"THE| GEOMETR|
|00001520| 49 43 20 52 45 4c 41 54 | 49 4f 4e 53 48 49 50 53 |IC RELAT|IONSHIPS|
|00001530| 20 49 4e 20 20 20 20 52 | 55 54 48 45 52 46 4f 52 | IN R|UTHERFOR|
|00001540| 44 20 53 43 41 54 54 45 | 52 49 4e 47 20 43 41 4e |D SCATTE|RING CAN|
|00001550| 20 42 45 54 54 45 52 20 | 42 45 20 20 20 20 20 55 | BETTER |BE U|
|00001560| 4e 44 45 52 53 54 4f 4f | 44 20 42 59 20 45 58 41 |NDERSTOO|D BY EXA|
|00001570| 4d 49 4e 49 4e 47 20 54 | 48 45 20 46 4f 4c 4c 4f |MINING T|HE FOLLO|
|00001580| 57 49 4e 47 20 20 20 44 | 49 41 47 52 41 4d 22 3a |WING D|IAGRAM":|
|00001590| 85 00 a2 55 f2 03 99 c7 | 28 31 34 37 29 3a de 31 |...U....|(147):.1|
|000015a0| 2c 31 00 f2 55 fc 03 e0 | 31 2c 32 2c 30 2c 22 52 |,1..U...|1,2,0,"R|
|000015b0| 55 54 48 45 52 46 4f 52 | 44 20 53 43 41 54 54 45 |UTHERFOR|D SCATTE|
|000015c0| 52 49 4e 47 20 4f 46 20 | 41 4c 50 48 41 20 20 20 |RING OF |ALPHA |
|000015d0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 50 41 52 54 49 43 4c | | PARTICL|
|000015e0| 45 53 20 42 59 20 47 4f | 4c 44 20 4e 55 43 4c 45 |ES BY GO|LD NUCLE|
|000015f0| 49 22 00 4d 56 06 04 e7 | 31 2c 32 3a e5 31 2c 32 |I".MV...|1,2:.1,2|
|00001600| 30 2c 31 33 34 20 a4 20 | 33 30 30 2c 31 33 34 3a |0,134 . |300,134:|
|00001610| fe 1c 32 3a e2 31 2c 32 | 33 30 2c 31 31 32 2c 35 |..2:.1,2|30,112,5|
|00001620| 2c 34 3a df 31 2c 32 33 | 30 2c 31 31 32 2c 31 3a |,4:.1,23|0,112,1:|
|00001630| e2 20 31 2c 32 33 30 2c | 31 36 30 2c 31 30 2c 38 |. 1,230,|160,10,8|
|00001640| 3a df 31 2c 32 33 30 2c | 31 36 30 2c 31 00 a3 56 |:.1,230,|160,1..V|
|00001650| 10 04 e5 31 2c 32 33 30 | 2c 31 36 30 20 a4 20 31 |...1,230|,160 . 1|
|00001660| 36 30 2c 34 30 20 a4 20 | 31 36 36 2c 34 33 20 a4 |60,40 . |166,43 .|
|00001670| 31 35 37 2c 34 35 20 a4 | 20 31 36 30 2c 34 30 3a |157,45 .| 160,40:|
|00001680| e0 31 2c 31 36 2c 34 2c | 22 44 45 4c 54 41 20 50 |.1,16,4,|"DELTA P|
|00001690| 22 3a e0 31 2c 31 36 2c | 33 2c 22 20 20 20 20 20 |":.1,16,|3," |
|000016a0| 20 d2 22 00 02 57 1a 04 | fe 1c 32 3a e5 31 2c 34 | ."..W..|..2:.1,4|
|000016b0| 30 2c 31 32 34 20 a4 20 | 38 30 2c 31 32 33 20 a4 |0,124 . |80,123 .|
|000016c0| 20 31 32 30 2c 31 32 33 | 20 a4 20 31 36 30 2c 31 | 120,123| . 160,1|
|000016d0| 32 32 20 a4 20 32 30 30 | 2c 31 31 38 20 a4 20 32 |22 . 200|,118 . 2|
|000016e0| 33 30 2c 31 31 32 20 a4 | 20 32 36 30 2c 31 30 30 |30,112 .| 260,100|
|000016f0| 20 a4 20 32 38 30 2c 38 | 38 20 a4 20 33 30 30 2c | . 280,8|8 . 300,|
|00001700| 37 35 00 1a 57 24 04 e5 | 31 2c 32 30 30 2c 31 35 |75..W$..|1,200,15|
|00001710| 35 20 a4 20 33 33 30 2c | 35 35 00 40 57 2e 04 e0 |5 . 330,|55.@W...|
|00001720| 31 2c 33 2c 32 30 2c 22 | 2d 20 2d 20 2d 20 2d 20 |1,3,20,"|- - - - |
|00001730| 2d 20 2d 20 2d 20 2d 20 | 2d 20 2d 20 2d 20 2d 22 |- - - - |- - - -"|
|00001740| 00 68 57 38 04 e0 31 2c | 38 2c 31 37 2c 22 c2 22 |.hW8..1,|8,17,"."|
|00001750| 3a e0 31 2c 38 2c 31 39 | 2c 22 c2 22 3a e0 31 2c |:.1,8,19|,".":.1,|
|00001760| 38 2c 31 38 2c 22 42 22 | 00 b3 57 42 04 e5 31 2c |8,18,"B"|..WB..1,|
|00001770| 32 33 30 2c 31 36 30 20 | a4 20 32 33 30 2c 34 30 |230,160 |. 230,40|
|00001780| 20 a4 20 32 32 37 2c 34 | 33 20 a4 20 32 33 33 2c | . 227,4|3 . 233,|
|00001790| 34 33 20 a4 20 32 33 30 | 2c 34 30 3a e0 31 2c 33 |43 . 230|,40:.1,3|
|000017a0| 30 2c 35 2c 22 46 22 3a | e0 31 2c 33 30 2c 34 2c |0,5,"F":|.1,30,4,|
|000017b0| 22 d2 22 00 eb 57 4c 04 | e5 31 2c 32 33 30 2c 31 |"."..WL.|.1,230,1|
|000017c0| 36 35 20 a4 20 33 33 30 | 2c 38 35 3a e5 31 2c 33 |65 . 330|,85:.1,3|
|000017d0| 30 30 2c 38 30 20 a4 20 | 33 32 35 2c 39 35 3a e0 |00,80 . |325,95:.|
|000017e0| 31 2c 33 38 2c 31 31 2c | 22 42 22 00 64 58 56 04 |1,38,11,|"B".dXV.|
|000017f0| e2 31 2c 32 34 35 2c 31 | 33 30 2c 32 30 2c 31 36 |.1,245,1|30,20,16|
|00001800| 2c 32 30 2c 31 30 30 3a | e0 31 2c 33 31 2c 31 35 |,20,100:|.1,31,15|
|00001810| 2c 22 41 22 3a e2 31 2c | 32 31 30 2c 31 33 35 2c |,"A":.1,|210,135,|
|00001820| 34 30 2c 33 32 2c 32 37 | 30 2c 33 34 30 3a e0 31 |40,32,27|0,340:.1|
|00001830| 2c 31 35 2c 31 32 2c 22 | 28 50 49 20 2d 20 41 29 |,15,12,"|(PI - A)|
|00001840| 22 3a e0 31 2c 31 35 2c | 31 33 2c 22 a3 a3 a3 a3 |":.1,15,|13,"....|
|00001850| a3 a3 a3 a3 22 3a e0 31 | 2c 31 37 2c 31 34 2c 22 |....":.1|,17,14,"|
|00001860| 20 20 32 22 00 94 58 60 | 04 e2 31 2c 32 33 30 2c | 2"..X`|..1,230,|
|00001870| 31 36 30 2c 31 30 30 2c | 38 30 2c 33 33 35 2c 33 |160,100,|80,335,3|
|00001880| 35 38 3a e0 31 2c 32 36 | 2c 31 31 2c 22 50 22 3a |58:.1,26|,11,"P":|
|00001890| fe 0b 32 30 00 a9 58 6a | 04 de 20 30 3a 99 c7 28 |..20..Xj|.. 0:..(|
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|000018b0| 2c 32 2c 32 2c 22 4d 4f | 4d 45 4e 54 55 4d 20 43 |,2,2,"MO|MENTUM C|
|000018c0| 48 41 4e 47 45 20 49 4e | 20 54 48 45 20 41 4c 50 |HANGE IN| THE ALP|
|000018d0| 48 41 20 50 41 52 54 49 | 43 4c 45 22 00 4c 59 7e |HA PARTI|CLE".LY~|
|000018e0| 04 e5 31 2c 36 30 2c 31 | 32 30 20 a4 20 32 30 30 |..1,60,1|20 . 200|
|000018f0| 2c 31 32 30 20 a4 20 32 | 34 30 2c 36 30 20 a4 20 |,120 . 2|40,60 . |
|00001900| 32 34 30 2c 36 34 20 a4 | 20 32 33 35 2c 36 30 3a |240,64 .| 235,60:|
|00001910| e5 31 2c 31 39 37 2c 31 | 32 33 20 a4 32 30 30 2c |.1,197,1|23 .200,|
|00001920| 31 32 30 3a e5 31 2c 32 | 30 30 2c 31 32 30 20 a4 |120:.1,2|00,120 .|
|00001930| 20 31 39 36 2c 31 31 37 | 20 a4 20 31 39 36 2c 31 | 196,117| . 196,1|
|00001940| 32 35 20 a4 20 32 30 30 | 2c 31 32 30 00 9b 59 88 |25 . 200|,120..Y.|
|00001950| 04 e5 31 2c 32 30 30 2c | 31 32 30 20 a4 20 31 30 |..1,200,|120 . 10|
|00001960| 30 2c 36 30 20 a4 20 31 | 30 35 2c 36 30 20 a4 20 |0,60 . 1|05,60 . |
|00001970| 31 30 30 2c 36 35 20 a4 | 20 31 30 30 2c 36 30 3a |100,65 .| 100,60:|
|00001980| e5 31 2c 36 30 2c 31 32 | 30 20 a4 20 31 30 30 2c |.1,60,12|0 . 100,|
|00001990| 36 30 20 a4 20 32 34 30 | 2c 36 30 00 f0 59 92 04 |60 . 240|,60..Y..|
|000019a0| e0 31 2c 31 30 2c 31 33 | 2c 22 41 22 3a e2 31 2c |.1,10,13|,"A":.1,|
|000019b0| 36 30 2c 31 32 30 2c 35 | 30 2c 34 30 2c 33 30 2c |60,120,5|0,40,30,|
|000019c0| 39 30 3a e2 31 2c 32 30 | 30 2c 31 32 30 2c 35 30 |90:.1,20|0,120,50|
|000019d0| 2c 34 30 2c 32 37 30 2c | 33 30 35 3a e5 31 2c 31 |,40,270,|305:.1,1|
|000019e0| 38 30 2c 31 31 35 20 a4 | 20 31 39 30 2c 31 33 35 |80,115 .| 190,135|
|000019f0| 00 47 5a 9c 04 e0 31 2c | 31 37 2c 31 36 2c 22 50 |.GZ...1,|17,16,"P|
|00001a00| 22 3a e0 31 2c 32 34 2c | 31 36 2c 22 28 50 49 20 |":.1,24,|16,"(PI |
|00001a10| 2d 20 41 29 22 3a e0 31 | 2c 32 34 2c 31 37 2c 22 |- A)":.1|,24,17,"|
|00001a20| c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 22 | 3a e0 31 2c 32 34 2c 31 |......."|:.1,24,1|
|00001a30| 38 2c 22 20 20 20 20 32 | 22 3a e0 31 2c 31 37 2c |8," 2|":.1,17,|
|00001a40| 31 37 2c 22 20 31 22 00 | 7d 5a a6 04 e0 31 2c 31 |17," 1".|}Z...1,1|
|00001a50| 37 2c 39 2c 22 44 45 4c | 54 41 20 50 22 3a e0 31 |7,9,"DEL|TA P":.1|
|00001a60| 2c 32 39 2c 31 31 2c 22 | 50 22 3a e0 31 2c 32 39 |,29,11,"|P":.1,29|
|00001a70| 2c 31 32 2c 22 20 32 22 | 3a fe 0b 32 30 00 8d 5a |,12," 2"|:..20..Z|
|00001a80| b0 04 de 20 30 3a 99 c7 | 28 31 34 37 29 00 bd 5a |... 0:..|(147)..Z|
|00001a90| ba 04 99 a3 36 29 22 46 | 52 4f 4d 20 54 48 45 20 |....6)"F|ROM THE |
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|00001ac0| c4 04 99 a3 31 32 29 22 | 44 45 4c 54 41 20 50 20 |....12)"|DELTA P |
|00001ad0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 4d | 56 22 00 fa 5a ce 04 99 | M|V"..Z...|
|00001ae0| a3 31 32 29 22 c3 c3 c3 | c3 c3 c3 c3 20 20 3d 20 |.12)"...|.... = |
|00001af0| 20 20 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 | c3 22 00 19 5b d8 04 99 | ......|."..[...|
|00001b00| a3 31 32 29 22 20 53 49 | 4e 20 41 20 20 20 20 20 |.12)" SI|N A |
|00001b10| 20 20 28 ff 20 2d 20 41 | 29 00 39 5b e2 04 99 a3 | (. - A|).9[....|
|00001b20| 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 53 49 |12)" | SI|
|00001b30| 4e 20 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 | 22 00 57 5b ec 04 99 a3 |N ......|".W[....|
|00001b40| 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |12)" | |
|00001b50| 20 20 20 20 20 32 22 00 | 61 5b f6 04 99 22 11 11 | 2".|a[..."..|
|00001b60| 22 00 75 5b 00 05 99 a3 | 32 29 22 4e 4f 57 20 53 |".u[....|2)"NOW S|
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|00001b80| 20 20 20 20 20 31 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 1 | |
|00001b90| 20 20 20 20 20 41 22 00 | b9 5b 14 05 99 a3 31 32 | A".|.[....12|
|00001ba0| 29 22 53 49 4e 20 c3 c3 | 20 28 ff 20 2d 20 41 29 |)"SIN ..| (. - A)|
|00001bb0| 20 3d 20 43 4f 53 c3 c3 | 22 00 db 5b 1e 05 99 a3 | = COS..|"..[....|
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|00001bd0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 32 22 00 e9 5b 28 05 | | 2"..[(.|
|00001be0| 99 a3 32 29 22 41 4e 44 | 22 00 09 5c 32 05 99 a3 |..2)"AND|"..\2...|
|00001bf0| 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |12)" | |
|00001c00| 20 20 41 20 20 20 20 41 | 22 00 29 5c 3c 05 99 a3 | A A|".)\<...|
|00001c10| 31 32 29 22 53 49 4e 20 | 41 20 3d 20 32 20 53 49 |12)"SIN |A = 2 SI|
|00001c20| 4e c3 c3 43 4f 53 c3 c3 | 22 00 4b 5c 46 05 99 a3 |N..COS..|".K\F...|
|00001c30| 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |12)" | |
|00001c40| 20 20 32 20 20 20 20 32 | 22 3a 85 00 5f 5c 50 05 | 2 2|":.._\P.|
|00001c50| 99 c7 28 31 34 37 29 3a | 99 22 11 11 11 11 22 00 |..(147):|."....".|
|00001c60| 71 5c 5a 05 99 a3 32 29 | 22 57 45 20 48 41 56 45 |q\Z...2)|"WE HAVE|
|00001c70| 22 00 91 5c 64 05 99 a3 | 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 |"..\d...|12)" |
|00001c80| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 41 | | A|
|00001c90| 22 00 b1 5c 6e 05 99 a3 | 31 32 29 22 44 45 4c 54 |"..\n...|12)"DELT|
|00001ca0| 41 20 50 20 3d 20 32 20 | 4d 56 20 53 49 4e c3 c3 |A P = 2 |MV SIN..|
|00001cb0| 22 00 d3 5c 78 05 99 a3 | 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 |"..\x...|12)" |
|00001cc0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 | | 2|
|00001cd0| 22 3a 85 00 e4 5c 82 05 | 99 c7 28 31 34 37 29 3a |":...\..|..(147):|
|00001ce0| de 31 2c 31 00 01 5d 8c | 05 e0 31 2c 32 2c 32 2c |.1,1..].|..1,2,2,|
|00001cf0| 22 4e 4f 57 20 54 48 45 | 20 49 4d 50 55 4c 53 45 |"NOW THE| IMPULSE|
|00001d00| 22 00 4e 5d 96 05 e2 31 | 2c 32 30 30 2c 31 37 2c |".N]...1|,200,17,|
|00001d10| 31 30 2c 31 30 2c 32 37 | 30 2c 31 30 3a e2 31 2c |10,10,27|0,10:.1,|
|00001d20| 31 38 30 2c 31 37 2c 31 | 30 2c 31 30 2c 39 30 2c |180,17,1|0,10,90,|
|00001d30| 31 39 30 3a e0 31 2c 32 | 36 2c 32 2c 22 46 20 44 |190:.1,2|6,2,"F D|
|00001d40| 54 22 3a e0 31 2c 32 36 | 2c 31 2c 22 d2 22 00 9f |T":.1,26|,1,"."..|
|00001d50| 5d a0 05 e0 31 2c 32 2c | 36 2c 22 49 53 20 49 4e |]...1,2,|6,"IS IN|
|00001d60| 20 54 48 45 20 53 41 4d | 45 20 44 49 52 45 43 54 | THE SAM|E DIRECT|
|00001d70| 49 4f 4e 20 41 53 20 54 | 48 45 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ION AS T|HE |
|00001d80| 20 20 20 4d 4f 4d 45 4e | 54 55 4d 20 43 48 41 4e | MOMEN|TUM CHAN|
|00001d90| 47 45 20 44 45 4c 54 41 | 20 50 2c 20 53 4f 22 00 |GE DELTA| P, SO".|
|00001da0| e3 5d aa 05 e2 31 2c 32 | 30 30 2c 38 30 2c 31 30 |.]...1,2|00,80,10|
|00001db0| 2c 31 30 2c 32 37 30 2c | 31 30 3a e2 31 2c 31 38 |,10,270,|10:.1,18|
|00001dc0| 30 2c 38 30 2c 31 30 2c | 31 30 2c 39 30 2c 31 39 |0,80,10,|10,90,19|
|00001dd0| 30 3a e0 31 2c 31 33 2c | 31 30 2c 22 46 20 44 54 |0:.1,13,|10,"F DT|
|00001de0| 20 3d 22 00 2c 5e b4 05 | e2 31 2c 31 30 30 2c 38 | =".,^..|.1,100,8|
|00001df0| 30 2c 31 30 2c 31 30 2c | 32 37 30 2c 31 30 3a e2 |0,10,10,|270,10:.|
|00001e00| 31 2c 38 30 2c 38 30 2c | 31 30 2c 31 30 2c 39 30 |1,80,80,|10,10,90|
|00001e10| 2c 31 39 30 3a e0 31 2c | 32 35 2c 31 30 2c 22 46 |,190:.1,|25,10,"F|
|00001e20| 20 43 4f 53 20 50 20 44 | 54 22 3a 99 00 9a 5e be | COS P D|T":...^.|
|00001e30| 05 e0 31 2c 34 2c 31 32 | 2c 22 57 48 45 52 45 20 |..1,4,12|,"WHERE |
|00001e40| 50 20 49 53 20 54 48 45 | 20 49 4e 53 54 41 4e 54 |P IS THE| INSTANT|
|00001e50| 41 4e 45 4f 55 53 20 41 | 4e 47 4c 45 20 20 42 45 |ANEOUS A|NGLE BE|
|00001e60| 54 57 45 45 4e 20 46 20 | 41 4e 44 20 44 45 4c 54 |TWEEN F |AND DELT|
|00001e70| 41 20 50 20 41 4c 4f 4e | 47 20 54 48 45 20 50 41 |A P ALON|G THE PA|
|00001e80| 54 48 20 4f 46 20 54 48 | 45 20 41 4c 50 48 41 20 |TH OF TH|E ALPHA |
|00001e90| 50 41 52 54 49 43 4c 45 | 2e 22 00 ca 5e c8 05 e0 |PARTICLE|."..^...|
|00001ea0| 31 2c 34 2c 31 36 2c 22 | 43 4f 4d 42 49 4e 49 4e |1,4,16,"|COMBININ|
|00001eb0| 47 20 54 48 45 53 45 20 | 45 51 55 41 54 49 4f 4e |G THESE |EQUATION|
|00001ec0| 53 20 57 45 20 48 41 56 | 45 22 00 e3 5e d2 05 e0 |S WE HAV|E"..^...|
|00001ed0| 31 2c 36 2c 31 39 2c 22 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |1,6,19,"| |
|00001ee0| 20 41 22 00 fe 5e dc 05 | e0 31 2c 36 2c 32 30 2c | A"..^..|.1,6,20,|
|00001ef0| 22 32 20 4d 56 20 53 49 | 4e c3 c3 20 3d 22 00 17 |"2 MV SI|N.. ="..|
|00001f00| 5f e6 05 e0 31 2c 36 2c | 32 31 2c 22 20 20 20 20 |_...1,6,|21," |
|00001f10| 20 20 20 20 20 32 22 00 | 67 5f f0 05 e2 31 2c 32 | 2".|g_...1,2|
|00001f20| 30 30 2c 31 36 30 2c 31 | 30 2c 31 30 2c 32 37 30 |00,160,1|0,10,270|
|00001f30| 2c 31 30 3a e2 31 2c 31 | 38 30 2c 31 36 30 2c 31 |,10:.1,1|80,160,1|
|00001f40| 30 2c 31 30 2c 39 30 2c | 31 39 30 3a e0 31 2c 32 |0,10,90,|190:.1,2|
|00001f50| 33 2c 32 32 2c 22 4f 22 | 3a e0 31 2c 32 35 2c 31 |3,22,"O"|:.1,25,1|
|00001f60| 38 2c 22 49 4e 46 22 00 | 86 5f fa 05 e0 31 2c 32 |8,"INF".|._...1,2|
|00001f70| 37 2c 32 30 2c 22 46 20 | 43 4f 53 20 50 20 44 54 |7,20,"F |COS P DT|
|00001f80| 22 3a fe 0b 32 30 00 a2 | 5f 04 06 de 20 30 3a 99 |":..20..|_... 0:.|
|00001f90| c7 28 31 34 37 29 3a 99 | 22 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 |.(147):.|".......|
|00001fa0| 11 22 00 1f 60 0e 06 99 | a3 36 29 22 4c 45 54 20 |."..`...|.6)"LET |
|00001fb0| 55 53 20 43 48 41 4e 47 | 45 20 54 48 45 20 56 41 |US CHANG|E THE VA|
|00001fc0| 52 49 41 42 4c 45 20 46 | 52 4f 4d 20 54 20 54 4f |RIABLE F|ROM T TO|
|00001fd0| 20 50 2e 20 54 48 49 53 | 20 43 48 41 4e 47 45 53 | P. THIS| CHANGES|
|00001fe0| 20 54 48 45 20 49 4e 54 | 45 47 52 41 54 49 4f 4e | THE INT|EGRATION|
|00001ff0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 4c 49 | 4d 49 54 53 20 54 4f 20 | LI|MITS TO |
|00002000| 20 2d 31 2f 32 20 28 ff | 20 2d 20 41 29 20 41 4e | -1/2 (.| - A) AN|
|00002010| 44 20 2b 31 2f 32 20 28 | ff 20 2d 20 41 29 22 00 |D +1/2 (|. - A)".|
|00002020| 79 60 18 06 99 22 43 4f | 52 52 45 53 50 4f 4e 44 |y`..."CO|RRESPOND|
|00002030| 49 4e 47 20 54 4f 20 54 | 48 45 20 56 41 4c 55 45 |ING TO T|HE VALUE|
|00002040| 20 4f 46 20 50 20 41 54 | 20 54 20 3d 20 30 41 4e | OF P AT| T = 0AN|
|00002050| 44 20 54 20 3d 20 49 4e | 46 20 52 45 53 50 45 43 |D T = IN|F RESPEC|
|00002060| 54 49 56 45 4c 59 2c 20 | 41 4e 44 20 53 4f 20 57 |TIVELY, |AND SO W|
|00002070| 45 20 48 41 56 45 22 3a | 85 00 8a 60 22 06 99 c7 |E HAVE":|...`"...|
|00002080| 28 31 34 37 29 3a de 31 | 2c 31 00 a2 60 2c 06 e0 |(147):.1|,1..`,..|
|00002090| 31 2c 36 2c 39 2c 22 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |1,6,9," | |
|000020a0| 41 22 00 bd 60 36 06 e0 | 31 2c 36 2c 31 30 2c 22 |A"..`6..|1,6,10,"|
|000020b0| 32 20 4d 56 20 53 49 4e | c3 c3 20 3d 22 00 d6 60 |2 MV SIN|.. ="..`|
|000020c0| 40 06 e0 31 2c 36 2c 31 | 31 2c 22 20 20 20 20 20 |@..1,6,1|1," |
|000020d0| 20 20 20 20 32 22 00 33 | 61 4a 06 e2 31 2c 31 38 | 2".3|aJ..1,18|
|000020e0| 30 2c 38 30 2c 31 30 2c | 31 30 2c 32 37 30 2c 31 |0,80,10,|10,270,1|
|000020f0| 30 3a e0 31 2c 32 32 2c | 31 32 2c 22 2d 31 2f 32 |0:.1,22,|12,"-1/2|
|00002100| 28 50 49 2d 41 29 22 3a | e2 31 2c 31 36 30 2c 38 |(PI-A)":|.1,160,8|
|00002110| 30 2c 31 30 2c 31 30 2c | 39 30 2c 31 39 30 3a e0 |0,10,10,|90,190:.|
|00002120| 31 2c 32 32 2c 38 2c 22 | 2b 31 2f 32 28 50 49 2d |1,22,8,"|+1/2(PI-|
|00002130| 41 29 22 00 6d 61 54 06 | e0 31 2c 32 36 2c 31 30 |A)".maT.|.1,26,10|
|00002140| 2c 22 46 20 43 4f 53 20 | 50 c3 c3 c3 20 44 50 22 |,"F COS |P... DP"|
|00002150| 3a e0 31 2c 33 31 2c 39 | 2c 22 20 20 44 54 22 3a |:.1,31,9|," DT":|
|00002160| e0 31 2c 33 33 2c 31 31 | 2c 22 44 50 22 00 d7 61 |.1,33,11|,"DP"..a|
|00002170| 5e 06 e0 31 2c 36 2c 31 | 34 2c 22 54 48 45 20 51 |^..1,6,1|4,"THE Q|
|00002180| 55 41 4e 54 49 54 59 20 | 44 50 2f 44 54 20 49 53 |UANTITY |DP/DT IS|
|00002190| 20 54 48 45 20 41 4e 47 | 55 4c 41 52 20 56 45 4c | THE ANG|ULAR VEL|
|000021a0| 4f 43 49 54 59 20 57 20 | 4f 46 20 54 48 45 20 41 |OCITY W |OF THE A|
|000021b0| 4c 50 48 41 20 50 41 52 | 54 49 43 4c 45 20 41 42 |LPHA PAR|TICLE AB|
|000021c0| 4f 55 54 20 20 54 48 45 | 20 47 4f 4c 44 20 4e 55 |OUT THE| GOLD NU|
|000021d0| 43 4c 45 55 53 2e 22 00 | 58 62 68 06 e0 31 2c 36 |CLEUS.".|Xbh..1,6|
|000021e0| 2c 31 37 2c 22 53 49 4e | 43 45 20 54 48 45 20 46 |,17,"SIN|CE THE F|
|000021f0| 4f 52 43 45 20 41 43 54 | 49 4e 47 20 42 45 54 57 |ORCE ACT|ING BETW|
|00002200| 45 45 4e 20 54 48 45 41 | 4c 50 48 41 20 50 41 52 |EEN THEA|LPHA PAR|
|00002210| 54 49 43 4c 45 20 41 4e | 44 20 54 48 45 20 4e 55 |TICLE AN|D THE NU|
|00002220| 43 4c 45 55 53 20 49 53 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 44 |CLEUS IS| D|
|00002230| 49 52 45 43 54 45 44 20 | 41 4c 4f 4e 47 20 54 48 |IRECTED |ALONG TH|
|00002240| 45 20 52 41 44 49 55 53 | 20 56 45 43 54 4f 52 20 |E RADIUS| VECTOR |
|00002250| 4a 4f 49 4e 49 4e 47 22 | 00 ab 62 72 06 e0 31 2c |JOINING"|..br..1,|
|00002260| 30 2c 32 30 2c 22 54 48 | 45 4d 20 54 48 45 20 41 |0,20,"TH|EM THE A|
|00002270| 4c 50 48 41 20 50 41 52 | 54 49 43 4c 45 20 48 41 |LPHA PAR|TICLE HA|
|00002280| 53 20 43 4f 4e 53 54 41 | 4e 54 20 20 20 20 41 4e |S CONSTA|NT AN|
|00002290| 47 55 4c 41 52 20 4d 4f | 4d 45 4e 54 55 4d 2e 20 |GULAR MO|MENTUM. |
|000022a0| 48 45 4e 43 45 22 3a fe | 0b 32 30 00 bb 62 7c 06 |HENCE":.|.20..b|.|
|000022b0| de 20 30 3a 99 c7 28 31 | 34 37 29 00 cb 62 86 06 |. 0:..(1|47)..b..|
|000022c0| 99 a3 31 32 29 22 20 20 | 20 32 22 00 e8 62 90 06 |..12)" | 2"..b..|
|000022d0| 99 a3 31 32 29 22 4d 57 | 52 20 20 3d 20 43 4f 4e |..12)"MW|R = CON|
|000022e0| 53 54 41 4e 54 22 3a 99 | 00 01 63 9a 06 99 a3 31 |STANT":.|..c....1|
|000022f0| 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 32 20 44 50 |2)" | 2 DP|
|00002300| 22 00 1a 63 a4 06 99 a3 | 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 |"..c....|12)" |
|00002310| 20 3d 20 4d 52 20 c3 c3 | c3 22 00 35 63 ae 06 99 | = MR ..|.".5c...|
|00002320| a3 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.12)" | |
|00002330| 44 54 22 3a 99 00 4d 63 | b8 06 99 a3 31 32 29 22 |DT":..Mc|....12)"|
|00002340| 20 20 20 20 20 3d 20 4d | 56 42 22 3a 99 00 70 63 | = M|VB":..pc|
|00002350| c2 06 99 a3 36 29 22 46 | 52 4f 4d 20 57 48 49 43 |....6)"F|ROM WHIC|
|00002360| 48 20 57 45 20 53 45 45 | 20 54 48 41 54 22 3a 99 |H WE SEE| THAT":.|
|00002370| 00 85 63 cc 06 99 a3 31 | 34 29 22 20 20 20 20 20 |..c....1|4)" |
|00002380| 20 20 20 32 22 00 99 63 | d6 06 99 a3 31 34 29 22 | 2"..c|....14)"|
|00002390| 44 54 20 20 20 20 20 52 | 22 00 ae 63 e0 06 99 a3 |DT R|"..c....|
|000023a0| 31 34 29 22 c3 c3 20 20 | 3d 20 20 c3 c3 22 00 c5 |14)".. |= .."..|
|000023b0| 63 ea 06 99 a3 31 34 29 | 22 44 50 20 20 20 20 20 |c....14)|"DP |
|000023c0| 56 42 22 3a 99 00 01 64 | f4 06 99 a3 36 29 22 53 |VB":...d|....6)"S|
|000023d0| 55 42 53 54 49 54 55 54 | 49 4e 47 20 54 48 49 53 |UBSTITUT|ING THIS|
|000023e0| 20 45 58 50 52 45 53 53 | 49 4f 4e 20 46 4f 52 20 | EXPRESS|ION FOR |
|000023f0| 20 44 54 2f 44 50 20 57 | 45 20 48 41 56 45 22 3a | DT/DP W|E HAVE":|
|00002400| 85 00 12 64 fe 06 de 31 | 2c 31 3a 99 c7 28 31 34 |...d...1|,1:..(14|
|00002410| 37 29 00 2a 64 08 07 e0 | 31 2c 36 2c 35 2c 22 20 |7).*d...|1,6,5," |
|00002420| 20 20 32 20 20 20 20 20 | 41 22 00 44 64 12 07 e0 | 2 |A".Dd...|
|00002430| 31 2c 36 2c 36 2c 22 32 | 4d 56 20 42 20 53 49 4e |1,6,6,"2|MV B SIN|
|00002440| c3 20 3d 22 00 5c 64 1c | 07 e0 31 2c 36 2c 37 2c |. =".\d.|..1,6,7,|
|00002450| 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 32 22 00 8e 64 26 |" | 2"..d&|
|00002460| 07 e2 31 2c 31 37 30 2c | 35 32 2c 31 30 2c 31 30 |..1,170,|52,10,10|
|00002470| 2c 32 37 30 2c 31 30 3a | e2 31 2c 31 35 30 2c 35 |,270,10:|.1,150,5|
|00002480| 32 2c 31 30 2c 31 30 2c | 39 30 2c 31 39 30 00 bc |2,10,10,|90,190..|
|00002490| 64 30 07 e0 31 2c 32 30 | 2c 38 2c 22 2d 31 2f 32 |d0..1,20|,8,"-1/2|
|000024a0| 28 50 49 2d 41 29 22 3a | e0 31 2c 32 32 2c 34 2c |(PI-A)":|.1,22,4,|
|000024b0| 22 2b 31 2f 32 28 50 49 | 2d 41 29 22 00 cf 64 3a |"+1/2(PI|-A)"..d:|
|000024c0| 07 e0 31 2c 32 36 2c 35 | 2c 22 20 20 20 32 22 00 |..1,26,5|," 2".|
|000024d0| ea 64 44 07 e0 31 2c 32 | 36 2c 36 2c 22 46 20 52 |.dD..1,2|6,6,"F R|
|000024e0| 20 43 4f 53 20 50 20 44 | 50 22 00 6b 65 4e 07 e0 | COS P D|P".keN..|
|000024f0| 31 2c 36 2c 31 30 2c 22 | 4e 4f 57 20 46 20 49 53 |1,6,10,"|NOW F IS|
|00002500| 20 54 48 45 20 45 4c 45 | 43 54 52 4f 53 54 41 54 | THE ELE|CTROSTAT|
|00002510| 49 43 20 46 4f 52 43 45 | 20 20 45 58 45 52 54 45 |IC FORCE| EXERTE|
|00002520| 44 20 42 59 20 54 48 45 | 20 4e 55 43 4c 45 55 53 |D BY THE| NUCLEUS|
|00002530| 20 4f 4d 20 54 48 45 20 | 41 4c 50 48 41 20 20 20 | OM THE |ALPHA |
|00002540| 20 20 50 41 52 54 49 43 | 4c 45 2e 20 54 48 45 20 | PARTIC|LE. THE |
|00002550| 43 48 41 52 47 45 20 4f | 4e 20 54 48 45 20 41 4c |CHARGE O|N THE AL|
|00002560| 50 48 41 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 22 00 ce 65 58 07 |PHA | "..eX.|
|00002570| e0 31 2c 30 2c 31 33 2c | 22 50 41 52 54 49 43 4c |.1,0,13,|"PARTICL|
|00002580| 45 20 49 53 20 32 45 20 | 41 4e 44 20 54 48 45 20 |E IS 2E |AND THE |
|00002590| 43 48 41 52 47 45 20 4f | 4e 20 20 54 48 45 20 20 |CHARGE O|N THE |
|000025a0| 20 47 4f 4c 44 20 4e 55 | 43 4c 45 55 53 20 49 53 | GOLD NU|CLEUS IS|
|000025b0| 20 5a 45 2e 20 54 48 45 | 52 45 46 4f 52 45 20 54 | ZE. THE|REFORE T|
|000025c0| 48 45 20 46 4f 52 43 45 | 20 46 20 49 53 22 00 55 |HE FORCE| F IS".U|
|000025d0| 66 62 07 e0 31 2c 31 32 | 2c 31 38 2c 22 46 20 3d |fb..1,12|,18,"F =|
|000025e0| 20 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 20 | 20 c3 c3 c3 22 3a e0 31 | ...... | ...":.1|
|000025f0| 2c 31 33 2c 31 37 2c 22 | 20 20 20 20 20 31 20 20 |,13,17,"| 1 |
|00002600| 20 20 20 32 5a 45 22 3a | e0 31 2c 31 33 2c 31 36 | 2ZE":|.1,13,16|
|00002610| 2c 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |," | |
|00002620| 32 22 3a e0 31 2c 31 33 | 2c 32 30 2c 22 20 20 20 |2":.1,13|,20," |
|00002630| 34 28 50 49 29 45 20 20 | 20 52 22 3a e0 31 2c 31 |4(PI)E | R":.1,1|
|00002640| 33 2c 31 39 2c 22 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |3,19," | |
|00002650| 20 20 20 32 22 00 74 66 | 6c 07 e0 31 2c 31 33 2c | 2".tf|l..1,13,|
|00002660| 32 31 2c 22 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 30 22 3a |21," | 0":|
|00002670| fe 0b 32 30 00 85 66 76 | 07 99 c7 28 31 34 37 29 |..20..fv|...(147)|
|00002680| 3a de 31 2c 31 00 96 66 | 80 07 e0 31 2c 32 2c 31 |:.1,1..f|...1,2,1|
|00002690| 2c 22 41 4e 44 22 00 ae | 66 8a 07 e0 31 2c 34 2c |,"AND"..|f...1,4,|
|000026a0| 33 2c 22 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 32 22 00 c7 |3," | 2"..|
|000026b0| 66 94 07 e0 31 2c 34 2c | 34 2c 22 34 28 50 49 29 |f...1,4,|4,"4(PI)|
|000026c0| 45 20 4d 56 20 42 22 00 | e6 66 9e 07 e0 31 2c 34 |E MV B".|.f...1,4|
|000026d0| 2c 35 2c 22 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 30 20 20 20 20 20 |,5," | 0 |
|000026e0| 20 20 20 20 41 22 00 17 | 67 a8 07 e0 31 2c 34 2c | A"..|g...1,4,|
|000026f0| 36 2c 22 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 | c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 20 53 |6,".....|...... S|
|00002700| 49 4e 20 c3 c3 20 3d 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 43 4f |IN .. = | CO|
|00002710| 53 20 50 20 44 50 22 00 | 36 67 b2 07 e0 31 2c 34 |S P DP".|6g...1,4|
|00002720| 2c 37 2c 22 20 20 20 20 | 20 5a 45 20 20 20 20 20 |,7," | ZE |
|00002730| 20 20 20 20 32 22 00 68 | 67 bc 07 e2 31 2c 32 31 | 2".h|g...1,21|
|00002740| 35 2c 35 32 2c 31 30 2c | 31 30 2c 32 37 30 2c 31 |5,52,10,|10,270,1|
|00002750| 30 3a e2 31 2c 31 39 35 | 2c 35 32 2c 31 30 2c 31 |0:.1,195|,52,10,1|
|00002760| 30 2c 39 30 2c 31 39 30 | 00 96 67 c6 07 e0 31 2c |0,90,190|..g...1,|
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|00002780| 22 3a e0 31 2c 32 34 2c | 38 2c 22 2d 31 2f 32 28 |":.1,24,|8,"-1/2(|
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|000034f0| 75 aa 0a 99 a3 36 29 22 | 4e 4f 57 20 54 48 45 20 |u....6)"|NOW THE |
|00003500| 41 54 4f 4d 49 43 20 4e | 55 4d 42 45 52 20 5a 20 |ATOMIC N|UMBER Z |
|00003510| 4f 46 20 47 4f 4c 44 20 | 49 53 20 37 39 2c 20 54 |OF GOLD |IS 79, T|
|00003520| 48 45 20 41 4e 47 4c 45 | 20 41 20 49 53 20 34 35 |HE ANGLE| A IS 45|
|00003530| 20 44 45 47 52 45 45 53 | 20 41 4e 44 20 54 48 45 | DEGREES| AND THE|
|00003540| 20 20 4b 49 4e 45 54 49 | 43 20 45 4e 45 52 47 59 | KINETI|C ENERGY|
|00003550| 20 54 20 4f 46 20 41 20 | 37 2e 37 20 4d 45 56 20 | T OF A |7.7 MEV |
|00003560| 41 4c 50 48 41 20 22 00 | 86 75 b4 0a 99 22 20 20 |ALPHA ".|.u..." |
|00003570| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00003580| 20 20 2d 31 32 22 00 cd | 75 be 0a 99 22 50 41 52 | -12"..|u..."PAR|
|00003590| 54 49 43 4c 45 20 49 53 | 20 31 2e 32 33 20 58 20 |TICLE IS| 1.23 X |
|000035a0| 31 30 20 20 4a 4f 55 4c | 45 2c 20 53 4f 20 57 45 |10 JOUL|E, SO WE|
|000035b0| 20 48 41 56 45 46 52 4f | 4d 20 45 51 55 41 54 49 | HAVEFRO|M EQUATI|
|000035c0| 4f 4e 20 28 41 29 20 41 | 42 4f 56 45 22 00 e6 75 |ON (A) A|BOVE"..u|
|000035d0| c8 0a 99 a3 31 32 29 22 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |....12)"| |
|000035e0| 20 20 20 2d 38 22 00 01 | 76 d2 0a 99 a3 31 32 29 | -8"..|v....12)|
|000035f0| 22 46 20 3d 20 31 2e 32 | 20 58 20 31 30 20 22 3a |"F = 1.2| X 10 ":|
|00003600| 99 00 62 76 dc 0a 99 a3 | 36 29 22 54 48 55 53 20 |..bv....|6)"THUS |
|00003610| 41 20 46 4f 49 4c 20 4f | 46 20 47 4f 4c 44 20 4f |A FOIL O|F GOLD O|
|00003620| 46 20 54 48 49 53 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 54 48 49 |F THIS | THI|
|00003630| 43 4b 4e 45 53 53 20 49 | 53 20 51 55 49 54 45 20 |CKNESS I|S QUITE |
|00003640| 54 52 41 4e 53 50 41 52 | 45 4e 54 20 54 4f 20 41 |TRANSPAR|ENT TO A|
|00003650| 4c 50 48 41 20 50 41 52 | 54 49 43 4c 45 53 21 22 |LPHA PAR|TICLES!"|
|00003660| 3a 85 00 7a 76 e6 0a 99 | c7 28 31 34 37 29 3a 99 |:..zv...|.(147):.|
|00003670| 22 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 | 11 22 00 9b 76 f0 0a 99 |".......|."..v...|
|00003680| a3 31 32 29 22 12 9e 41 | 54 4f 4d 49 43 20 53 50 |.12)"..A|TOMIC SP|
|00003690| 45 43 54 52 41 20 92 05 | 22 3a 85 00 af 76 fa 0a |ECTRA ..|":...v..|
|000036a0| 99 c7 28 31 34 37 29 3a | 99 22 11 11 11 11 22 00 |..(147):|."....".|
|000036b0| 2b 77 04 0b 99 a3 36 29 | 22 57 48 45 4e 20 41 4e |+w....6)|"WHEN AN|
|000036c0| 20 41 54 4f 4d 49 43 20 | 47 41 53 20 4f 52 20 56 | ATOMIC |GAS OR V|
|000036d0| 41 50 4f 52 20 49 53 20 | 20 20 20 53 55 49 54 41 |APOR IS | SUITA|
|000036e0| 42 4c 59 20 45 58 43 49 | 54 45 44 20 42 59 20 54 |BLY EXCI|TED BY T|
|000036f0| 48 45 20 50 41 53 53 41 | 47 45 20 4f 46 20 41 4e |HE PASSA|GE OF AN|
|00003700| 20 20 20 45 4c 45 43 54 | 52 49 43 20 43 55 52 52 | ELECT|RIC CURR|
|00003710| 45 4e 54 20 54 48 52 4f | 55 47 48 20 49 54 2c 20 |ENT THRO|UGH IT, |
|00003720| 49 54 20 45 4d 49 54 53 | 20 41 22 00 a8 77 0e 0b |IT EMITS| A"..w..|
|00003730| 99 22 43 48 41 52 41 43 | 54 45 52 49 53 54 49 43 |."CHARAC|TERISTIC|
|00003740| 20 52 41 44 49 41 54 49 | 4f 4e 20 53 50 45 43 54 | RADIATI|ON SPECT|
|00003750| 52 55 4d 20 57 48 49 43 | 48 20 43 4f 4e 54 41 49 |RUM WHIC|H CONTAI|
|00003760| 4e 53 20 43 45 52 54 41 | 49 4e 20 44 49 53 43 52 |NS CERTA|IN DISCR|
|00003770| 45 54 45 20 57 41 56 45 | 4c 45 4e 47 54 48 53 2e |ETE WAVE|LENGTHS.|
|00003780| 20 20 54 48 45 20 4e 45 | 58 54 20 46 49 47 55 52 | THE NE|XT FIGUR|
|00003790| 45 20 49 4c 4c 55 53 54 | 52 41 54 45 53 20 41 20 |E ILLUST|RATES A |
|000037a0| 54 59 50 49 43 41 4c 22 | 00 ee 77 18 0b 99 22 4c |TYPICAL"|..w..."L|
|000037b0| 41 42 4f 52 41 54 4f 52 | 59 20 41 52 52 41 4e 47 |ABORATOR|Y ARRANG|
|000037c0| 45 4d 45 4e 54 20 46 4f | 52 20 4f 42 53 45 52 56 |EMENT FO|R OBSERV|
|000037d0| 49 4e 47 20 20 20 20 53 | 55 43 48 20 41 54 4f 4d |ING S|UCH ATOM|
|000037e0| 49 43 20 53 50 45 43 54 | 52 41 2e 22 3a 85 00 ff |IC SPECT|RA.":...|
|000037f0| 77 22 0b 99 c7 28 31 34 | 37 29 3a de 31 2c 31 00 |w"...(14|7):.1,1.|
|00003800| 5b 78 2c 0b e0 31 2c 31 | 2c 31 2c 22 49 4f 4e 49 |[x,..1,1|,1,"IONI|
|00003810| 5a 45 44 20 47 41 53 20 | 45 58 43 49 54 45 44 20 |ZED GAS |EXCITED |
|00003820| 42 59 20 41 4e 20 45 4c | 45 43 54 52 49 43 41 4c |BY AN EL|ECTRICAL|
|00003830| 20 20 20 20 44 49 53 43 | 48 41 52 47 45 20 45 4d | DISC|HARGE EM|
|00003840| 49 54 53 20 43 48 41 52 | 41 43 54 45 52 49 53 54 |ITS CHAR|ACTERIST|
|00003850| 49 43 20 53 50 45 43 54 | 52 41 22 00 e8 78 36 0b |IC SPECT|RA"..x6.|
|00003860| e0 31 2c 38 2c 33 2c 22 | 57 48 49 43 48 20 43 41 |.1,8,3,"|WHICH CA|
|00003870| 4e 20 42 45 20 53 45 50 | 41 52 41 54 45 44 20 42 |N BE SEP|ARATED B|
|00003880| 59 20 41 22 3a e0 31 2c | 31 32 2c 34 2c 22 50 52 |Y A":.1,|12,4,"PR|
|00003890| 49 53 4d 20 41 4e 44 20 | 50 52 4f 4a 45 43 54 45 |ISM AND |PROJECTE|
|000038a0| 44 20 4f 4e 20 41 22 3a | e0 31 2c 31 36 2c 35 2c |D ON A":|.1,16,5,|
|000038b0| 22 53 43 52 45 45 4e 20 | 41 53 20 49 4d 41 47 45 |"SCREEN |AS IMAGE|
|000038c0| 53 20 4f 46 20 54 48 45 | 22 3a e0 31 2c 31 38 2c |S OF THE|":.1,18,|
|000038d0| 36 2c 22 53 4c 49 54 2c | 20 43 41 4c 4c 45 44 20 |6,"SLIT,| CALLED |
|000038e0| 27 4c 49 4e 45 53 27 22 | 00 19 79 40 0b e2 31 2c |'LINES'"|..y@..1,|
|000038f0| 34 30 2c 34 30 2c 32 30 | 2c 31 36 2c 32 37 30 2c |40,40,20|,16,270,|
|00003900| 39 30 3a e2 31 2c 34 30 | 2c 31 32 30 2c 32 30 2c |90:.1,40|,120,20,|
|00003910| 31 36 2c 39 30 2c 32 37 | 30 00 63 79 4a 0b e5 31 |16,90,27|0.cyJ..1|
|00003920| 2c 32 30 2c 34 30 20 a4 | 20 32 30 2c 31 32 30 3a |,20,40 .| 20,120:|
|00003930| e5 31 2c 36 30 2c 34 30 | 20 a4 20 36 30 2c 31 32 |.1,60,40| . 60,12|
|00003940| 30 3a e5 31 2c 32 35 2c | 35 30 20 a4 20 35 35 2c |0:.1,25,|50 . 55,|
|00003950| 35 30 3a e5 31 2c 34 30 | 2c 35 30 20 a4 20 34 30 |50:.1,40|,50 . 40|
|00003960| 2c 32 30 00 c4 79 54 0b | e5 31 2c 32 35 2c 31 31 |,20..yT.|.1,25,11|
|00003970| 30 20 a4 20 35 35 2c 31 | 31 30 3a e5 31 2c 34 30 |0 . 55,1|10:.1,40|
|00003980| 2c 31 31 30 20 a4 20 34 | 30 2c 31 35 30 3a e5 31 |,110 . 4|0,150:.1|
|00003990| 2c 38 30 2c 36 30 20 a4 | 20 38 30 2c 31 34 30 3a |,80,60 .| 80,140:|
|000039a0| e5 31 2c 38 30 2c 36 30 | 20 a4 20 31 32 30 2c 34 |.1,80,60| . 120,4|
|000039b0| 30 20 a4 20 31 32 30 2c | 31 32 30 20 a4 20 38 30 |0 . 120,|120 . 80|
|000039c0| 2c 31 34 30 00 04 7a 5e | 0b e5 31 2c 31 34 30 2c |,140..z^|..1,140,|
|000039d0| 31 31 30 20 a4 20 31 36 | 30 2c 31 31 30 20 a4 20 |110 . 16|0,110 . |
|000039e0| 31 35 30 2c 38 35 20 20 | a4 20 31 34 30 2c 31 31 |150,85 |. 140,11|
|000039f0| 30 3a e5 31 2c 31 35 30 | 2c 38 35 20 a4 20 31 37 |0:.1,150|,85 . 17|
|00003a00| 30 2c 37 35 00 1a 7a 68 | 0b e5 31 2c 39 33 2c 39 |0,75..zh|..1,93,9|
|00003a10| 38 20 a4 20 31 30 38 2c | 39 32 00 4c 7a 72 0b e5 |8 . 108,|92.Lzr..|
|00003a20| 31 2c 31 37 30 2c 37 35 | 20 a4 20 31 38 30 2c 39 |1,170,75| . 180,9|
|00003a30| 35 20 a4 20 31 36 30 2c | 31 31 30 3a e0 31 2c 31 |5 . 160,|110:.1,1|
|00003a40| 37 2c 31 35 2c 22 50 52 | 49 53 4d 22 00 8f 7a 7c |7,15,"PR|ISM"..z||
|00003a50| 0b fe 1c 32 3a e5 31 2c | 31 30 38 2c 39 32 20 a4 |...2:.1,|108,92 .|
|00003a60| 20 31 37 35 2c 39 32 20 | a4 20 32 38 30 2c 31 33 | 175,92 |. 280,13|
|00003a70| 30 20 a4 20 32 38 35 2c | 31 32 35 20 a4 20 32 37 |0 . 285,|125 . 27|
|00003a80| 35 2c 31 33 35 20 a4 20 | 32 37 30 2c 31 34 30 00 |5,135 . |270,140.|
|00003a90| c4 7a 86 0b e5 31 2c 31 | 30 30 2c 39 35 20 a4 20 |.z...1,1|00,95 . |
|00003aa0| 31 36 38 2c 39 35 20 a4 | 20 32 36 35 2c 31 33 35 |168,95 .| 265,135|
|00003ab0| 20 a4 20 32 37 35 2c 31 | 32 35 20 a4 20 32 36 30 | . 275,1|25 . 260|
|00003ac0| 2c 31 34 30 00 ef 7a 90 | 0b e5 31 2c 39 33 2c 39 |,140..z.|..1,93,9|
|00003ad0| 38 20 a4 20 31 36 30 2c | 39 38 20 a4 20 32 35 30 |8 . 160,|98 . 250|
|00003ae0| 2c 31 34 30 20 20 a4 20 | 32 36 35 2c 31 32 35 00 |,140 . |265,125.|
|00003af0| 38 7b 9a 0b e5 31 2c 32 | 30 30 2c 31 32 30 20 a4 |8{...1,2|00,120 .|
|00003b00| 20 33 32 30 2c 31 32 30 | 20 a4 20 33 30 30 2c 31 | 320,120| . 300,1|
|00003b10| 34 35 20 a4 20 31 38 30 | 2c 31 34 35 20 a4 20 32 |45 . 180|,145 . 2|
|00003b20| 30 30 2c 31 32 30 3a e0 | 31 2c 33 30 2c 31 39 2c |00,120:.|1,30,19,|
|00003b30| 22 53 43 52 45 45 4e 22 | 00 63 7b a4 0b e0 31 2c |"SCREEN"|.c{...1,|
|00003b40| 32 35 2c 31 32 2c 22 52 | 22 3a e0 31 2c 32 35 2c |25,12,"R|":.1,25,|
|00003b50| 31 33 2c 22 59 22 3a e0 | 31 2c 32 34 2c 31 34 2c |13,"Y":.|1,24,14,|
|00003b60| 22 42 22 00 73 7b ae 0b | df 31 2c 39 30 2c 39 30 |"B".s{..|.1,90,90|
|00003b70| 2c 31 3a 00 87 7b b8 0b | e0 31 2c 31 31 2c 31 33 |,1:..{..|.1,11,13|
|00003b80| 2c 22 53 4c 49 54 22 00 | c6 7b c2 0b 81 20 4a 20 |,"SLIT".|.{... J |
|00003b90| b2 20 31 20 a4 20 35 30 | 3a 81 20 49 20 b2 20 31 |. 1 . 50|:. I . 1|
|00003ba0| 20 a4 20 32 30 3a e5 31 | 2c 33 30 aa 4a 2c 38 30 | . 20:.1|,30.J,80|
|00003bb0| aa 49 20 a4 20 33 30 aa | 4a 2c 38 30 aa 49 3a 82 |.I . 30.|J,80.I:.|
|00003bc0| 20 49 3a 82 20 4a 00 d9 | 7b cc 0b e0 31 2c 35 2c | I:. J..|{...1,5,|
|00003bd0| 31 31 2c 22 47 4c 4f 57 | 22 00 0f 7c d6 0b e0 31 |11,"GLOW|"..|...1|
|00003be0| 2c 34 2c 32 31 2c 22 41 | 4e 20 49 44 45 41 4c 49 |,4,21,"A|N IDEALI|
|00003bf0| 5a 45 44 20 45 4d 49 53 | 53 49 4f 4e 20 53 50 45 |ZED EMIS|SION SPE|
|00003c00| 43 54 52 4f 4d 45 54 45 | 52 22 3a fe 0b 32 30 00 |CTROMETE|R":..20.|
|00003c10| 2b 7c e0 0b de 20 30 3a | 99 c7 28 31 34 37 29 3a |+|... 0:|..(147):|
|00003c20| 99 22 11 11 11 11 11 11 | 11 11 22 00 a7 7c ea 0b |."......|.."..|..|
|00003c30| 99 a3 36 29 22 57 48 45 | 4e 20 41 4e 20 45 4c 45 |..6)"WHE|N AN ELE|
|00003c40| 43 54 52 49 43 41 4c 20 | 44 49 53 43 48 41 52 47 |CTRICAL |DISCHARG|
|00003c50| 45 20 49 53 20 20 20 50 | 41 53 53 45 44 20 54 48 |E IS P|ASSED TH|
|00003c60| 52 4f 55 47 48 20 41 4e | 20 41 54 4f 4d 49 43 20 |ROUGH AN| ATOMIC |
|00003c70| 47 41 53 20 4f 52 20 56 | 41 50 4f 52 20 20 20 54 |GAS OR V|APOR T|
|00003c80| 48 45 20 43 55 52 52 45 | 4e 54 20 45 58 43 49 54 |HE CURRE|NT EXCIT|
|00003c90| 45 53 20 54 48 45 20 41 | 54 4f 4d 53 20 49 4e 20 |ES THE A|TOMS IN |
|00003ca0| 53 55 43 48 20 41 22 00 | 25 7d f4 0b 99 22 57 41 |SUCH A".|%}..."WA|
|00003cb0| 59 20 54 48 41 54 20 52 | 45 53 55 4c 54 53 20 49 |Y THAT R|ESULTS I|
|00003cc0| 4e 20 54 48 45 20 45 4d | 49 53 53 49 4f 4e 20 4f |N THE EM|ISSION O|
|00003cd0| 46 20 20 20 20 20 52 41 | 44 49 41 54 49 4f 4e 20 |F RA|DIATION |
|00003ce0| 57 48 49 43 48 20 43 4f | 4e 54 41 49 4e 53 20 4f |WHICH CO|NTAINS O|
|00003cf0| 4e 4c 59 20 43 45 52 54 | 41 49 4e 20 20 20 44 49 |NLY CERT|AIN DI|
|00003d00| 53 43 52 45 54 45 20 57 | 41 56 45 4c 45 4e 47 54 |SCRETE W|AVELENGT|
|00003d10| 48 53 20 43 48 41 52 41 | 43 54 45 52 49 53 54 49 |HS CHARA|CTERISTI|
|00003d20| 43 20 4f 46 22 00 a1 7d | fe 0b 99 22 54 48 45 20 |C OF"..}|..."THE |
|00003d30| 41 54 4f 4d 49 43 20 53 | 50 45 43 49 45 20 43 4f |ATOMIC S|PECIE CO|
|00003d40| 4e 54 41 49 4e 45 44 20 | 49 4e 20 54 48 45 20 47 |NTAINED |IN THE G|
|00003d50| 41 53 2e 20 54 48 45 20 | 4e 45 58 54 20 46 49 47 |AS. THE |NEXT FIG|
|00003d60| 55 52 45 53 20 53 48 4f | 57 20 50 4f 52 54 49 4f |URES SHO|W PORTIO|
|00003d70| 4e 53 20 4f 46 20 54 48 | 45 20 20 20 45 4d 49 53 |NS OF TH|E EMIS|
|00003d80| 53 49 4f 4e 20 53 50 45 | 43 54 52 41 20 4f 46 20 |SION SPE|CTRA OF |
|00003d90| 53 4f 4d 45 20 45 4c 45 | 4d 45 4e 54 53 2e 22 3a |SOME ELE|MENTS.":|
|00003da0| 85 00 b8 7d 08 0c 99 c7 | 28 31 34 37 29 3a de 20 |...}....|(147):. |
|00003db0| 31 2c 31 3a e7 31 2c 32 | 00 ed 7d 12 0c e0 31 2c |1,1:.1,2|..}...1,|
|00003dc0| 30 2c 34 2c 22 45 4d 49 | 53 53 49 4f 4e 20 53 50 |0,4,"EMI|SSION SP|
|00003dd0| 45 43 54 52 41 20 4f 46 | 20 48 59 44 52 4f 47 45 |ECTRA OF| HYDROGE|
|00003de0| 4e 20 41 4e 44 20 48 45 | 4c 49 55 4d 22 00 05 7e |N AND HE|LIUM"..~|
|00003df0| 1c 0c e5 31 2c 35 30 2c | 31 37 30 20 a4 20 32 39 |...1,50,|170 . 29|
|00003e00| 30 2c 31 37 30 00 28 7e | 26 0c 81 20 49 20 b2 20 |0,170.(~|&.. I . |
|00003e10| 36 a4 20 33 36 20 a9 35 | 3a e0 31 2c 49 2c 32 30 |6. 36 .5|:.1,I,20|
|00003e20| 2c 22 c2 22 3a 82 20 49 | 00 8d 7e 30 0c e0 31 2c |,".":. I|..~0..1,|
|00003e30| 36 2c 32 32 2c 22 37 22 | 20 3a e0 31 2c 31 30 2c |6,22,"7"| :.1,10,|
|00003e40| 32 32 2c 22 36 2e 35 22 | 3a e0 31 2c 31 36 2c 32 |22,"6.5"|:.1,16,2|
|00003e50| 32 2c 22 36 22 3a e0 31 | 2c 32 30 2c 32 32 2c 22 |2,"6":.1|,20,22,"|
|00003e60| 35 2e 35 22 3a e0 31 2c | 32 36 2c 32 32 2c 22 35 |5.5":.1,|26,22,"5|
|00003e70| 22 3a e0 31 2c 33 30 2c | 32 32 2c 22 34 2e 35 22 |":.1,30,|22,"4.5"|
|00003e80| 3a e0 31 2c 33 36 2c 32 | 32 2c 22 34 22 00 c3 7e |:.1,36,2|2,"4"..~|
|00003e90| 3a 0c e0 31 2c 35 2c 31 | 39 2c 22 52 45 44 22 3a |:..1,5,1|9,"RED":|
|00003ea0| e0 31 2c 31 37 2c 31 39 | 2c 22 59 45 4c 4c 4f 57 |.1,17,19|,"YELLOW|
|00003eb0| 22 3a e0 31 2c 33 32 2c | 31 39 2c 22 56 49 4f 4c |":.1,32,|19,"VIOL|
|00003ec0| 45 54 22 00 ef 7e 44 0c | e5 31 2c 34 30 2c 31 34 |ET"..~D.|.1,40,14|
|00003ed0| 30 20 a4 20 32 39 30 2c | 31 34 30 3a e5 31 2c 34 |0 . 290,|140:.1,4|
|00003ee0| 30 2c 31 32 30 20 a4 20 | 32 39 30 2c 31 32 30 00 |0,120 . |290,120.|
|00003ef0| 57 7f 4e 0c e5 31 2c 38 | 30 2c 31 32 30 20 a4 20 |W.N..1,8|0,120 . |
|00003f00| 38 30 2c 31 34 30 20 a4 | 20 38 32 2c 31 34 30 20 |80,140 .| 82,140 |
|00003f10| a4 20 38 32 2c 31 32 30 | 3a e5 31 2c 32 32 30 2c |. 82,120|:.1,220,|
|00003f20| 31 32 30 20 a4 20 32 32 | 30 2c 31 34 30 3a e5 31 |120 . 22|0,140:.1|
|00003f30| 2c 32 38 30 2c 31 32 30 | 20 a4 20 32 38 30 2c 31 |,280,120| . 280,1|
|00003f40| 34 30 3a e5 31 2c 32 36 | 30 2c 31 32 30 20 a4 20 |40:.1,26|0,120 . |
|00003f50| 32 36 30 2c 31 34 30 00 | 67 7f 58 0c e0 31 2c 31 |260,140.|g.X..1,1|
|00003f60| 2c 31 36 2c 22 48 22 00 | c9 7f 62 0c e5 31 2c 34 |,16,"H".|..b..1,4|
|00003f70| 30 2c 31 30 30 20 a4 20 | 32 39 30 2c 31 30 30 3a |0,100 . |290,100:|
|00003f80| e5 31 2c 34 30 2c 38 30 | 20 a4 20 32 39 30 2c 38 |.1,40,80| . 290,8|
|00003f90| 30 3a e5 31 2c 37 30 2c | 38 30 20 a4 20 37 30 2c |0:.1,70,|80 . 70,|
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|00003fb0| 31 34 30 2c 31 30 30 20 | a4 31 34 32 2c 31 30 30 |140,100 |.142,100|
|00003fc0| 20 a4 20 31 34 32 2c 38 | 30 00 1d 80 6c 0c e5 31 | . 142,8|0...l..1|
|00003fd0| 2c 32 31 36 2c 38 30 20 | a4 20 32 31 36 2c 31 30 |,216,80 |. 216,10|
|00003fe0| 30 3a e5 31 2c 32 31 34 | 2c 38 30 20 a4 20 32 31 |0:.1,214|,80 . 21|
|00003ff0| 34 2c 31 30 30 3a e5 31 | 2c 32 32 30 2c 38 30 20 |4,100:.1|,220,80 |
|00004000| a4 20 32 32 30 2c 31 30 | 30 3a e5 31 2c 32 35 30 |. 220,10|0:.1,250|
|00004010| 2c 38 30 20 a4 20 32 35 | 30 2c 31 30 30 00 42 80 |,80 . 25|0,100.B.|
|00004020| 76 0c e5 31 2c 32 34 30 | 2c 38 30 20 a4 20 32 34 |v..1,240|,80 . 24|
|00004030| 30 2c 31 30 30 3a e0 31 | 2c 31 2c 31 31 2c 22 48 |0,100:.1|,1,11,"H|
|00004040| 45 22 00 82 80 80 0c e0 | 31 2c 31 32 2c 32 34 2c |E"......|1,12,24,|
|00004050| 22 41 4e 47 53 54 52 4f | 4d 53 20 20 58 20 31 30 |"ANGSTRO|MS X 10|
|00004060| 22 3a e0 31 2c 31 32 2c | 32 33 2c 22 20 20 20 20 |":.1,12,|23," |
|00004070| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 33 22 3a fe 0b | | 3":..|
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|000040a0| 81 94 0c 99 a3 36 29 22 | 45 56 45 52 59 20 45 4c |.....6)"|EVERY EL|
|000040b0| 45 4d 45 4e 54 20 48 41 | 53 20 41 20 55 4e 49 51 |EMENT HA|S A UNIQ|
|000040c0| 55 45 20 4c 49 4e 45 20 | 20 20 53 50 45 43 54 52 |UE LINE | SPECTR|
|000040d0| 55 4d 20 57 48 45 4e 20 | 41 20 53 41 4d 50 4c 45 |UM WHEN |A SAMPLE|
|000040e0| 20 4f 46 20 49 54 20 49 | 53 20 45 58 43 49 54 45 | OF IT I|S EXCITE|
|000040f0| 44 20 49 4e 20 41 20 53 | 50 45 43 54 52 4f 4d 45 |D IN A S|PECTROME|
|00004100| 54 45 52 2e 20 54 48 55 | 53 20 53 50 45 43 54 52 |TER. THU|S SPECTR|
|00004110| 4f 53 43 4f 50 59 20 43 | 41 4e 22 00 5f 81 9e 0c |OSCOPY C|AN"._...|
|00004120| 99 22 42 45 20 55 53 45 | 44 20 54 4f 20 44 45 54 |."BE USE|D TO DET|
|00004130| 45 52 4d 49 4e 45 20 54 | 48 45 20 43 4f 4d 50 4f |ERMINE T|HE COMPO|
|00004140| 53 49 54 49 4f 4e 20 4f | 46 20 41 4e 20 55 4e 4b |SITION O|F AN UNK|
|00004150| 4e 4f 57 4e 20 53 41 4d | 50 4c 45 2e 22 3a 85 00 |NOWN SAM|PLE.":..|
|00004160| 77 81 a8 0c 99 c7 28 31 | 34 37 29 3a 99 22 11 11 |w.....(1|47):."..|
|00004170| 11 11 11 11 11 11 22 00 | f0 81 b2 0c 99 a3 36 29 |......".|......6)|
|00004180| 22 57 48 45 4e 20 57 48 | 49 54 45 20 4c 49 47 48 |"WHEN WH|ITE LIGH|
|00004190| 54 20 49 53 20 50 41 53 | 53 45 44 20 54 48 52 4f |T IS PAS|SED THRO|
|000041a0| 55 47 48 41 20 47 41 53 | 2c 20 54 48 45 20 47 41 |UGHA GAS|, THE GA|
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|000041d0| 45 4e 47 54 48 53 20 50 | 52 45 53 45 4e 54 20 49 |ENGTHS P|RESENT I|
|000041e0| 4e 20 49 54 53 20 45 4d | 49 53 53 49 4f 4e 20 22 |N ITS EM|ISSION "|
|000041f0| 00 68 82 bc 0c 99 22 53 | 50 45 43 54 52 55 4d 2e |.h...."S|PECTRUM.|
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|00004220| 50 45 43 54 52 55 4d 27 | 20 43 4f 4e 53 49 53 54 |PECTRUM'| CONSIST|
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|00004270| 4f 52 52 45 53 50 4f 4e | 44 49 4e 47 20 54 4f 20 |ORRESPON|DING TO |
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|00004290| 4c 45 4e 47 54 48 53 22 | 3a 85 00 b2 82 d0 0c 99 |LENGTHS"|:.......|
|000042a0| c7 28 31 34 37 29 3a 99 | 22 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 |.(147):.|".......|
|000042b0| 11 22 00 2f 83 da 0c 99 | a3 36 29 22 41 4e 20 45 |."./....|.6)"AN E|
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|00004300| 4f 47 52 41 4d 20 50 52 | 4f 44 55 43 45 44 20 42 |OGRAM PR|ODUCED B|
|00004310| 59 20 4f 42 53 45 52 56 | 49 4e 47 20 54 48 45 20 |Y OBSERV|ING THE |
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|00004330| ac 83 e4 0c 99 22 53 55 | 4e 2e 20 54 48 45 20 53 |....."SU|N. THE S|
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|00004350| 4e 20 52 41 44 49 41 54 | 45 53 20 20 20 20 57 48 |N RADIAT|ES WH|
|00004360| 49 54 45 20 4c 49 47 48 | 54 20 42 45 43 41 55 53 |ITE LIGH|T BECAUS|
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|00004390| 30 30 20 44 45 47 52 45 | 45 53 20 46 41 48 52 45 |00 DEGRE|ES FAHRE|
|000043a0| 4e 48 45 49 54 29 2e 20 | 54 48 45 22 00 2b 84 ee |NHEIT). |THE".+..|
|000043b0| 0c 99 22 53 55 52 46 41 | 43 45 20 49 53 20 53 55 |.."SURFA|CE IS SU|
|000043c0| 52 52 4f 55 4e 44 45 44 | 20 42 59 20 41 4e 20 45 |RROUNDED| BY AN E|
|000043d0| 4e 56 45 4c 4f 50 45 20 | 4f 46 20 43 4f 4f 4c 45 |NVELOPE |OF COOLE|
|000043e0| 52 20 47 41 53 45 53 20 | 57 48 49 43 48 20 41 42 |R GASES |WHICH AB|
|000043f0| 53 4f 52 42 20 4c 49 47 | 48 54 20 4f 46 20 20 20 |SORB LIG|HT OF |
|00004400| 20 20 20 43 45 52 54 41 | 49 4e 20 57 41 56 45 4c | CERTA|IN WAVEL|
|00004410| 45 4e 47 54 48 53 20 4f | 4e 4c 59 2e 20 41 43 43 |ENGTHS O|NLY. ACC|
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|00004430| 99 22 49 46 20 57 45 20 | 4c 4f 4f 4b 20 41 54 20 |."IF WE |LOOK AT |
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|00004450| 4f 44 55 43 45 44 20 42 | 59 20 53 55 4e 4c 49 47 |ODUCED B|Y SUNLIG|
|00004460| 48 54 20 57 45 20 43 41 | 4e 20 4f 42 53 45 52 56 |HT WE CA|N OBSERV|
|00004470| 45 20 54 48 45 20 44 41 | 52 4b 20 4c 49 4e 45 53 |E THE DA|RK LINES|
|00004480| 20 20 4f 46 20 54 48 45 | 20 45 4c 45 4d 45 4e 54 | OF THE| ELEMENT|
|00004490| 20 53 4f 44 49 55 4d 20 | 4f 43 43 55 50 59 49 4e | SODIUM |OCCUPYIN|
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|000044b0| 99 22 50 4f 53 49 54 49 | 4f 4e 53 20 4f 4e 20 54 |."POSITI|ONS ON T|
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|000044d0| 50 4c 41 54 45 20 54 48 | 41 54 57 4f 55 4c 44 20 |PLATE TH|ATWOULD |
|000044e0| 42 45 20 4f 43 43 55 50 | 49 45 44 20 42 59 20 54 |BE OCCUP|IED BY T|
|000044f0| 48 45 20 42 52 49 47 48 | 54 20 4c 49 4e 45 53 20 |HE BRIGH|T LINES |
|00004500| 4f 46 54 48 45 20 53 4f | 44 49 55 4d 20 45 4d 49 |OFTHE SO|DIUM EMI|
|00004510| 53 53 49 4f 4e 20 53 50 | 45 43 54 52 55 4d 22 00 |SSION SP|ECTRUM".|
|00004520| 55 85 0c 0d 99 a3 36 29 | 22 54 48 49 53 20 49 53 |U.....6)|"THIS IS|
|00004530| 20 49 4c 4c 55 53 54 52 | 41 54 45 44 20 49 4e 20 | ILLUSTR|ATED IN |
|00004540| 54 48 45 20 4e 45 58 54 | 20 20 20 46 49 47 55 52 |THE NEXT| FIGUR|
|00004550| 45 2e 22 3a 85 00 6b 85 | 16 0d 99 c7 28 31 34 37 |E.":..k.|....(147|
|00004560| 29 3a de 31 2c 31 3a e7 | 31 2c 31 00 9a 85 20 0d |):.1,1:.|1,1... .|
|00004570| e5 31 2c 35 30 2c 36 30 | 20 a4 20 32 35 30 2c 36 |.1,50,60| . 250,6|
|00004580| 30 20 a4 20 32 35 30 2c | 38 30 20 a4 20 35 30 2c |0 . 250,|80 . 50,|
|00004590| 38 30 20 a4 20 35 30 2c | 36 30 00 c2 85 2a 0d e5 |80 . 50,|60...*..|
|000045a0| 31 2c 35 30 2c 36 30 20 | a4 20 35 30 2c 38 30 3a |1,50,60 |. 50,80:|
|000045b0| e5 31 2c 32 35 30 2c 36 | 30 20 a4 20 32 35 30 2c |.1,250,6|0 . 250,|
|000045c0| 38 30 00 fb 85 34 0d e7 | 31 2c 32 3a e5 31 2c 35 |80...4..|1,2:.1,5|
|000045d0| 30 2c 31 30 30 20 a4 20 | 32 35 30 2c 31 30 30 20 |0,100 . |250,100 |
|000045e0| a4 20 32 35 30 2c 31 32 | 30 20 a4 20 35 30 2c 31 |. 250,12|0 . 50,1|
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|00004620| 34 2c 31 32 30 3a e5 31 | 2c 31 36 35 2c 31 30 30 |4,120:.1|,165,100|
|00004630| 20 a4 20 31 36 35 2c 31 | 32 30 3a e5 31 2c 31 37 | . 165,1|20:.1,17|
|00004640| 38 2c 31 30 30 20 a4 20 | 31 37 38 2c 31 32 30 3a |8,100 . |178,120:|
|00004650| e5 31 2c 31 39 30 2c 31 | 30 30 20 a4 20 31 39 30 |.1,190,1|00 . 190|
|00004660| 2c 31 32 30 00 c8 86 48 | 0d e7 31 2c 31 3a e5 31 |,120...H|..1,1:.1|
|00004670| 2c 36 30 2c 36 30 20 a4 | 20 36 30 2c 38 30 3a e5 |,60,60 .| 60,80:.|
|00004680| 31 2c 36 34 2c 36 30 20 | a4 20 36 34 2c 38 30 3a |1,64,60 |. 64,80:|
|00004690| e5 31 2c 31 36 35 2c 36 | 30 20 a4 20 31 36 35 2c |.1,165,6|0 . 165,|
|000046a0| 38 30 3a e5 31 2c 31 37 | 38 2c 36 30 20 a4 20 31 |80:.1,17|8,60 . 1|
|000046b0| 37 38 2c 38 30 3a e5 31 | 2c 31 39 30 2c 36 30 20 |78,80:.1|,190,60 |
|000046c0| a4 20 31 39 30 2c 38 30 | 00 f0 86 52 0d e7 31 2c |. 190,80|...R..1,|
|000046d0| 32 3a 81 20 49 20 b2 20 | 36 a4 20 33 30 20 a9 35 |2:. I . |6. 30 .5|
|000046e0| 3a e0 31 2c 49 2c 32 30 | 2c 22 c2 22 3a 82 20 49 |:.1,I,20|,".":. I|
|000046f0| 00 5c 87 5c 0d e0 31 2c | 36 2c 32 32 2c 22 36 22 |.\.\..1,|6,22,"6"|
|00004700| 20 3a e0 31 2c 31 31 2c | 32 32 2c 22 35 22 3a e0 | :.1,11,|22,"5":.|
|00004710| 31 2c 31 36 2c 32 32 2c | 22 34 22 3a e0 31 2c 32 |1,16,22,|"4":.1,2|
|00004720| 31 2c 32 32 2c 22 33 22 | 3a e0 31 2c 32 36 2c 32 |1,22,"3"|:.1,26,2|
|00004730| 32 2c 22 32 22 3a e0 31 | 2c 31 35 2c 32 34 2c 22 |2,"2":.1|,15,24,"|
|00004740| 41 4e 47 53 54 52 4f 4d | 53 20 58 20 31 30 22 3a |ANGSTROM|S X 10":|
|00004750| e0 31 2c 33 30 2c 32 33 | 2c 22 33 22 00 9a 87 66 |.1,30,23|,"3"...f|
|00004760| 0d e0 31 2c 33 2c 31 39 | 2c 22 59 45 4c 4c 4f 57 |..1,3,19|,"YELLOW|
|00004770| 22 3a e0 31 2c 31 33 2c | 31 39 2c 22 56 49 4f 4c |":.1,13,|19,"VIOL|
|00004780| 45 54 22 3a e0 31 2c 32 | 30 2c 31 39 2c 22 55 4c |ET":.1,2|0,19,"UL|
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|000047a0| 31 2c 34 30 2c 31 37 30 | 20 a4 20 32 39 30 2c 31 |1,40,170| . 290,1|
|000047b0| 37 30 00 ee 87 7a 0d e0 | 31 2c 33 2c 32 2c 22 41 |70...z..|1,3,2,"A|
|000047c0| 20 3d 20 41 42 53 4f 52 | 50 54 49 4f 4e 20 53 50 | = ABSOR|PTION SP|
|000047d0| 45 43 54 52 55 4d 20 4f | 46 20 4e 41 20 56 41 50 |ECTRUM O|F NA VAP|
|000047e0| 4f 52 22 3a e0 31 2c 33 | 2c 38 2c 22 41 22 00 33 |OR":.1,3|,8,"A".3|
|000047f0| 88 84 0d e7 31 2c 32 3a | e0 31 2c 33 2c 35 2c 22 |....1,2:|.1,3,5,"|
|00004800| 42 20 3d 20 45 4d 49 53 | 53 49 4f 4e 20 53 50 45 |B = EMIS|SION SPE|
|00004810| 43 54 52 55 4d 20 4f 46 | 20 4e 41 20 56 41 50 4f |CTRUM OF| NA VAPO|
|00004820| 52 22 3a e0 31 2c 33 2c | 31 33 2c 22 42 22 3a fe |R":.1,3,|13,"B":.|
|00004830| 0b 32 30 00 4f 88 8e 0d | de 20 30 3a 99 c7 28 31 |.20.O...|. 0:..(1|
|00004840| 34 37 29 3a 99 22 11 11 | 11 11 11 11 11 11 22 00 |47):."..|......".|
|00004850| 71 88 98 0d 99 a3 31 32 | 29 22 12 9e 53 50 45 43 |q.....12|)"..SPEC|
|00004860| 54 52 41 4c 20 53 45 52 | 49 45 53 20 92 05 22 3a |TRAL SER|IES ..":|
|00004870| 85 00 7d 88 a2 0d 99 c7 | 28 31 34 37 29 00 fa 88 |..}.....|(147)...|
|00004880| ac 0d 99 a3 36 29 22 44 | 55 52 49 4e 47 20 48 49 |....6)"D|URING HI|
|00004890| 53 20 53 54 55 44 59 20 | 4f 46 20 54 48 45 20 56 |S STUDY |OF THE V|
|000048a0| 49 53 49 42 4c 45 20 20 | 20 50 4f 52 54 49 4f 4e |ISIBLE | PORTION|
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|000048c0| 20 4f 46 20 48 59 44 52 | 4f 47 45 4e 20 4a 2e 4a | OF HYDR|OGEN J.J|
|000048d0| 2e 42 41 4c 4d 45 52 20 | 49 4e 20 31 38 38 35 20 |.BALMER |IN 1885 |
|000048e0| 44 49 53 43 4f 56 45 52 | 45 44 20 41 20 52 45 4c |DISCOVER|ED A REL|
|000048f0| 41 54 49 4f 4e 53 48 49 | 50 22 00 75 89 b6 0d 99 |ATIONSHI|P".u....|
|00004900| 22 42 45 54 57 45 45 4e | 20 54 48 45 20 53 50 45 |"BETWEEN| THE SPE|
|00004910| 43 54 52 41 4c 20 4c 49 | 4e 45 53 20 4f 46 20 48 |CTRAL LI|NES OF H|
|00004920| 59 44 52 4f 47 45 4e 20 | 20 42 45 47 49 4e 4e 49 |YDROGEN | BEGINNI|
|00004930| 4e 47 20 41 54 20 54 48 | 45 20 4c 49 4e 45 20 57 |NG AT TH|E LINE W|
|00004940| 49 54 48 20 54 48 45 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ITH THE | |
|00004950| 20 57 41 56 45 4c 45 4e | 47 54 48 2c 20 36 2c 35 | WAVELEN|GTH, 6,5|
|00004960| 36 35 20 41 4e 47 53 54 | 52 4f 4d 2c 20 54 4f 20 |65 ANGST|ROM, TO |
|00004970| 57 48 41 54 22 00 f5 89 | c0 0d 99 22 53 45 45 4d |WHAT"...|..."SEEM|
|00004980| 45 44 20 54 4f 20 42 45 | 20 41 20 4c 49 4d 49 54 |ED TO BE| A LIMIT|
|00004990| 20 41 54 20 33 2c 36 34 | 36 20 41 4e 47 53 54 52 | AT 3,64|6 ANGSTR|
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|000049c0| 41 4c 20 4c 49 4e 45 53 | 20 20 20 20 57 45 52 45 |AL LINES| WERE|
|000049d0| 20 46 4f 55 4e 44 20 43 | 4c 4f 53 45 52 20 54 4f | FOUND C|LOSER TO|
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|000049f0| 52 20 49 4e 22 00 75 8a | ca 0d 99 22 49 4e 54 45 |R IN".u.|..."INTE|
|00004a00| 4e 53 49 54 59 20 55 4e | 54 49 4c 20 54 48 45 20 |NSITY UN|TIL THE |
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|00004a30| 20 54 48 45 52 45 20 57 | 45 52 45 20 4e 4f 20 46 | THERE W|ERE NO F|
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|00004a50| 52 45 54 45 20 4c 49 4e | 45 53 20 42 55 54 20 52 |RETE LIN|ES BUT R|
|00004a60| 41 54 48 45 52 20 41 20 | 46 41 49 4e 54 20 20 20 |ATHER A |FAINT |
|00004a70| 20 20 20 20 22 00 92 8a | d4 0d 99 22 43 4f 4e 54 | "...|..."CONT|
|00004a80| 49 4e 4f 55 53 20 53 50 | 45 43 54 52 55 4d 2e 22 |INOUS SP|ECTRUM."|
|00004a90| 3a 85 00 aa 8a de 0d 99 | c7 28 31 34 37 29 3a 99 |:.......|.(147):.|
|00004aa0| 22 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 | 11 22 00 25 8b e8 0d 99 |".......|.".%....|
|00004ab0| a3 36 29 22 53 4f 4d 45 | 57 48 41 54 20 4c 41 54 |.6)"SOME|WHAT LAT|
|00004ac0| 45 52 20 46 4f 55 52 20 | 4f 54 48 45 52 20 53 45 |ER FOUR |OTHER SE|
|00004ad0| 52 49 45 53 20 20 4f 46 | 20 48 59 44 52 4f 47 45 |RIES OF| HYDROGE|
|00004ae0| 4e 20 53 50 45 43 54 52 | 41 20 57 45 52 45 20 4f |N SPECTR|A WERE O|
|00004af0| 42 53 45 52 56 45 44 20 | 41 4e 44 20 20 20 4d 45 |BSERVED |AND ME|
|00004b00| 41 53 55 52 45 44 2e 20 | 54 48 45 53 45 20 46 49 |ASURED. |THESE FI|
|00004b10| 56 45 20 53 45 52 49 45 | 53 20 41 52 45 20 43 41 |VE SERIE|S ARE CA|
|00004b20| 4c 4c 45 44 22 00 91 8b | f2 0d 99 22 4c 59 4d 41 |LLED"...|..."LYMA|
|00004b30| 4e 2c 20 42 41 4c 4d 45 | 52 2c 20 50 41 53 43 48 |N, BALME|R, PASCH|
|00004b40| 45 4e 2c 20 42 52 41 43 | 4b 45 54 54 20 41 4e 44 |EN, BRAC|KETT AND|
|00004b50| 20 20 20 20 50 46 55 4e | 44 20 53 45 52 49 45 53 | PFUN|D SERIES|
|00004b60| 2c 20 4e 41 4d 45 44 20 | 46 4f 52 20 54 48 45 20 |, NAMED |FOR THE |
|00004b70| 53 43 49 45 4e 54 49 53 | 54 53 20 20 57 48 4f 20 |SCIENTIS|TS WHO |
|00004b80| 44 49 53 43 4f 56 45 52 | 45 44 20 54 48 45 4d 2e |DISCOVER|ED THEM.|
|00004b90| 22 00 97 8b fc 0d 99 00 | 11 8c 06 0e 99 a3 36 29 |".......|......6)|
|00004ba0| 22 49 54 20 57 41 53 20 | 46 4f 55 4e 44 20 54 48 |"IT WAS |FOUND TH|
|00004bb0| 41 54 20 54 48 45 20 57 | 41 56 45 4c 45 4e 47 54 |AT THE W|AVELENGT|
|00004bc0| 48 53 20 4f 46 20 54 48 | 45 20 45 4d 49 54 54 45 |HS OF TH|E EMITTE|
|00004bd0| 44 20 53 50 45 43 54 52 | 41 4c 20 4c 49 4e 45 20 |D SPECTR|AL LINE |
|00004be0| 49 4e 20 45 41 43 48 20 | 20 20 20 53 45 52 49 45 |IN EACH | SERIE|
|00004bf0| 53 20 43 4f 55 4c 44 20 | 42 45 20 53 50 45 43 49 |S COULD |BE SPECI|
|00004c00| 46 49 45 44 20 42 59 20 | 41 20 53 49 4d 50 4c 45 |FIED BY |A SIMPLE|
|00004c10| 22 00 2b 8c 10 0e 99 22 | 45 4d 50 49 52 49 43 41 |".+...."|EMPIRICA|
|00004c20| 4c 20 46 4f 52 4d 55 4c | 41 2e 22 00 39 8c 1a 0e |L FORMUL|A.".9...|
|00004c30| 85 3a 99 c7 28 31 34 37 | 29 00 7c 8c 24 0e 99 a3 |.:..(147|).|.$...|
|00004c40| 34 29 22 42 41 4c 4d 45 | 52 27 53 20 46 4f 52 4d |4)"BALME|R'S FORM|
|00004c50| 55 4c 41 20 46 4f 52 20 | 54 48 45 20 57 41 56 45 |ULA FOR |THE WAVE|
|00004c60| 4c 45 4e 47 54 48 53 20 | 4f 46 20 54 48 49 53 20 |LENGTHS |OF THIS |
|00004c70| 53 45 52 49 45 53 20 49 | 53 22 3a 99 00 99 8c 2e |SERIES I|S":.....|
|00004c80| 0e 99 a3 31 30 29 22 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 b0 20 20 |...10)" | . |
|00004c90| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 ae | 22 00 b6 8c 38 0e 99 a3 | .|"...8...|
|00004ca0| 31 30 29 22 31 20 20 20 | 20 20 c2 20 31 20 20 20 |10)"1 | . 1 |
|00004cb0| 20 20 31 20 c2 22 00 e0 | 8c 42 0e 99 a3 31 30 29 | 1 ."..|.B...10)|
|00004cc0| 22 c3 20 3d 20 52 20 c2 | c3 c3 c3 20 2d 20 c3 c3 |". = R .|... - ..|
|00004cd0| c3 c2 20 20 20 4e 3d 32 | 2c 33 2c 34 2c 2e 2e 22 |.. N=2|,3,4,.."|
|00004ce0| 00 fd 8c 4c 0e 99 a3 31 | 30 29 22 57 20 20 20 20 |...L...1|0)"W |
|00004cf0| 20 c2 20 20 32 20 20 20 | 20 20 32 c2 22 00 1a 8d | . 2 | 2."...|
|00004d00| 56 0e 99 a3 31 30 29 22 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 c2 20 |V...10)"| . |
|00004d10| 32 20 20 20 20 20 4e 20 | c2 22 00 39 8d 60 0e 99 |2 N |.".9.`..|
|00004d20| a3 31 30 29 22 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 ad 20 20 20 20 |.10)" | . |
|00004d30| 20 20 20 20 20 bd 22 3a | 99 00 68 8d 6a 0e 99 22 | .":|..h.j.."|
|00004d40| 57 48 45 52 45 20 57 20 | 49 53 20 54 48 45 20 57 |WHERE W |IS THE W|
|00004d50| 41 56 45 4c 45 4e 47 54 | 48 20 4f 46 20 54 48 45 |AVELENGT|H OF THE|
|00004d60| 20 4c 49 4e 45 22 3a 99 | 00 84 8d 74 0e 99 a3 31 | LINE":.|...t...1|
|00004d70| 30 29 22 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 41 4e |0)" | AN|
|00004d80| 44 22 3a 99 00 cf 8d 7e | 0e 99 22 20 20 20 20 20 |D":....~|.." |
|00004d90| 20 52 2c 20 54 48 45 20 | 52 59 44 42 45 52 47 20 | R, THE |RYDBERG |
|00004da0| 43 4f 4e 53 54 41 4e 54 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |CONSTANT| |
|00004db0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 48 41 53 20 | | HAS |
|00004dc0| 54 48 45 20 56 41 4c 55 | 45 20 4f 46 22 3a 99 00 |THE VALU|E OF":..|
|00004dd0| ee 8d 88 0e 99 a3 31 30 | 29 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 |......10|)" |
|00004de0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 37 20 20 2d 31 22 00 0e | |7 -1"..|
|00004df0| 8e 92 0e 99 a3 31 30 29 | 22 52 20 3d 20 31 2e 30 |.....10)|"R = 1.0|
|00004e00| 39 37 20 58 20 31 30 20 | 20 4d 20 22 3a 99 00 2d |97 X 10 | M ":..-|
|00004e10| 8e 9c 0e 99 a3 31 30 29 | 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.....10)|" |
|00004e20| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 2d | 33 20 2d 31 22 00 4c 8e | -|3 -1".L.|
|00004e30| a6 0e 99 a3 31 30 29 22 | 20 20 3d 20 31 2e 30 39 |....10)"| = 1.09|
|00004e40| 37 20 58 20 31 30 20 20 | 41 22 3a 85 00 64 8e b0 |7 X 10 |A":..d..|
|00004e50| 0e 99 c7 28 31 34 37 29 | 3a 99 22 11 11 11 11 11 |...(147)|:.".....|
|00004e60| 11 11 11 22 00 dd 8e ba | 0e 99 a3 36 29 22 55 53 |..."....|...6)"US|
|00004e70| 49 4e 47 20 54 48 49 53 | 20 46 4f 52 4d 55 4c 41 |ING THIS| FORMULA|
|00004e80| 20 4f 4e 45 20 43 41 4e | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | ONE CAN| |
|00004e90| 44 45 54 45 52 4d 49 4e | 45 20 54 48 41 54 20 54 |DETERMIN|E THAT T|
|00004ea0| 48 45 20 56 41 52 49 4f | 55 53 20 4c 49 4e 45 53 |HE VARIO|US LINES|
|00004eb0| 20 4f 46 20 54 48 45 20 | 42 41 4c 4d 45 52 20 53 | OF THE |BALMER S|
|00004ec0| 45 52 49 45 53 20 53 48 | 4f 55 4c 44 20 42 45 20 |ERIES SH|OULD BE |
|00004ed0| 41 53 20 46 4f 4c 4c 4f | 57 53 22 3a 85 00 10 8f |AS FOLLO|WS":....|
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|00005130| 56 45 4c 45 4e 47 48 54 | 53 20 49 4e 20 54 48 45 |VELENGHT|S IN THE|
|00005140| 20 56 49 53 49 42 4c 45 | 20 50 4f 52 54 49 4f 4e | VISIBLE| PORTION|
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|00005160| 53 50 45 43 54 52 55 4d | 20 4f 46 20 48 59 44 52 |SPECTRUM| OF HYDR|
|00005170| 4f 47 45 4e 2e 22 00 e9 | 91 1e 0f 99 22 55 53 49 |OGEN."..|...."USI|
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|000051b0| 4c 54 52 41 56 49 4f 4c | 45 54 20 52 41 44 49 41 |LTRAVIOL|ET RADIA|
|000051c0| 54 49 4f 4e 20 4f 4e 45 | 20 43 41 4e 20 4f 42 53 |TION ONE| CAN OBS|
|000051d0| 45 52 56 45 20 54 48 45 | 20 4c 59 4d 41 4e 20 53 |ERVE THE| LYMAN S|
|000051e0| 45 52 49 45 53 2e 22 3a | 99 00 2b 92 28 0f 99 a3 |ERIES.":|..+.(...|
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|00005200| 4f 52 20 54 48 45 20 57 | 41 56 45 4c 45 4e 47 54 |OR THE W|AVELENGT|
|00005210| 48 53 20 4f 46 54 48 45 | 20 4c 59 4d 41 4e 20 53 |HS OFTHE| LYMAN S|
|00005220| 45 52 49 45 53 20 49 53 | 22 3a 99 00 48 92 32 0f |ERIES IS|":..H.2.|
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|00005240| 20 20 20 20 20 20 ae 22 | 00 65 92 3c 0f 99 a3 31 | ."|.e.<...1|
|00005250| 30 29 22 31 20 20 20 20 | 20 c2 20 31 20 20 20 20 |0)"1 | . 1 |
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|000052f0| 48 45 52 45 20 57 20 49 | 53 20 54 48 45 20 57 41 |HERE W I|S THE WA|
|00005300| 56 45 4c 45 4e 47 54 48 | 20 4f 46 20 54 48 45 20 |VELENGTH| OF THE |
|00005310| 4c 49 4e 45 22 3a 99 00 | 33 93 78 0f 99 a3 31 30 |LINE":..|3.x...10|
|00005320| 29 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 41 4e 44 |)" | AND|
|00005330| 22 3a 99 00 9e 93 82 0f | 99 22 52 2c 20 54 48 45 |":......|."R, THE|
|00005340| 20 52 59 44 42 45 52 47 | 20 43 4f 4e 53 54 41 4e | RYDBERG| CONSTAN|
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|00005360| 20 20 56 41 4c 55 45 20 | 48 45 52 45 20 41 53 20 | VALUE |HERE AS |
|00005370| 4e 4f 54 45 44 20 49 4e | 20 54 48 45 20 46 4f 52 |NOTED IN| THE FOR|
|00005380| 4d 55 4c 41 20 46 4f 52 | 20 20 54 48 45 20 42 41 |MULA FOR| THE BA|
|00005390| 4c 4d 45 52 20 53 45 52 | 49 45 53 22 3a 85 00 aa |LMER SER|IES":...|
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|000053b0| a3 36 29 22 41 20 4d 4f | 52 45 20 47 45 4e 45 52 |.6)"A MO|RE GENER|
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|000053d0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 44 45 | 53 43 52 49 42 45 53 20 | DE|SCRIBES |
|000053e0| 54 48 45 20 46 49 56 45 | 20 53 45 52 49 45 53 20 |THE FIVE| SERIES |
|000053f0| 4f 46 20 54 48 45 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 48 59 |OF THE | HY|
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|00005410| 53 50 45 43 54 52 55 4d | 20 49 53 20 54 48 45 20 |SPECTRUM| IS THE |
|00005420| 20 20 20 20 20 20 46 4f | 4c 4c 4f 57 49 4e 47 22 | FO|LLOWING"|
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|000054b0| 22 20 20 20 20 20 20 c2 | 20 4e 20 20 20 20 20 4e |" .| N N|
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|000054f0| 20 ad 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 bd 22 3a 99 00 | . | .":..|
|00005500| 2c 95 e6 0f 99 a3 36 29 | 22 4c 59 4d 41 4e 20 53 |,.....6)|"LYMAN S|
|00005510| 45 52 49 45 53 3a 20 20 | 20 4e 20 3d 31 2c 20 4e |ERIES: | N =1, N|
|00005520| 20 3d 20 32 2c 33 2c 34 | 2c 2e 2e 22 00 4f 95 f0 | = 2,3,4|,..".O..|
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|00005550| 7b 95 fa 0f 99 a3 36 29 | 22 42 41 4c 4d 45 52 20 |{.....6)|"BALMER |
|00005560| 53 45 52 49 45 53 20 20 | 20 4e 20 3d 32 2c 20 4e |SERIES | N =2, N|
|00005570| 20 3d 20 33 2c 34 2c 2e | 2e 2e 22 00 9e 95 04 10 | = 3,4,.|..".....|
|00005580| 99 a3 36 29 22 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..6)" | |
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|000055b0| 53 45 52 49 45 53 3a 20 | 4e 20 3d 33 2c 20 4e 20 |SERIES: |N =3, N |
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|000055f0| 22 10 99 a3 36 29 22 42 | 52 41 43 4b 45 54 54 20 |"...6)"B|RACKETT |
|00005600| 53 45 52 49 45 53 3a 4e | 20 3d 34 2c 20 4e 20 3d |SERIES:N| =4, N =|
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|00005630| 20 20 20 20 31 20 20 20 | 20 20 32 22 00 68 96 36 | 1 | 2".h.6|
|00005640| 10 99 a3 36 29 22 50 46 | 55 4e 44 20 53 45 52 49 |...6)"PF|UND SERI|
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|000056a0| 11 11 11 11 22 00 20 97 | 54 10 99 a3 36 29 22 54 |....". .|T...6)"T|
|000056b0| 48 45 20 53 54 55 44 45 | 4e 54 20 53 48 4f 55 4c |HE STUDE|NT SHOUL|
|000056c0| 44 20 52 45 43 41 4c 4c | 20 54 48 41 54 20 20 20 |D RECALL| THAT |
|000056d0| 20 54 48 45 53 45 20 46 | 4f 52 4d 55 4c 41 53 20 | THESE F|ORMULAS |
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|000056f0| 49 52 49 43 41 4c 20 20 | 20 52 45 4c 41 54 49 4f |IRICAL | RELATIO|
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|00005710| 4f 53 49 54 49 4f 4e 53 | 20 4f 46 20 54 48 45 22 |OSITIONS| OF THE"|
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|00005730| 4c 49 4e 45 53 20 41 4e | 44 20 41 52 42 49 54 52 |LINES AN|D ARBITR|
|00005740| 41 52 59 20 56 41 4c 55 | 45 53 20 4f 46 20 20 52 |ARY VALU|ES OF R|
|00005750| 59 44 42 45 52 47 27 53 | 20 43 4f 4e 53 54 41 4e |YDBERG'S| CONSTAN|
|00005760| 54 20 41 4e 44 20 54 48 | 45 20 4e 55 4d 45 52 49 |T AND TH|E NUMERI|
|00005770| 43 41 4c 20 20 20 20 49 | 4e 44 49 43 45 53 20 4e |CAL I|NDICES N|
|00005780| 20 20 41 4e 44 20 4e 20 | 22 00 a4 97 68 10 99 22 | AND N |"...h.."|
|00005790| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 31 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | 1 |
|000057a0| 32 22 3a 85 00 bc 97 72 | 10 99 c7 28 31 34 37 29 |2":....r|...(147)|
|000057b0| 3a 99 22 11 11 11 11 11 | 11 11 11 22 00 35 98 7c |:.".....|...".5.||
|000057c0| 10 99 a3 36 29 22 54 48 | 49 53 20 49 53 20 41 20 |...6)"TH|IS IS A |
|000057d0| 52 45 4d 41 52 4b 41 42 | 4c 45 20 43 4f 49 4e 43 |REMARKAB|LE COINC|
|000057e0| 49 44 4e 43 45 20 20 20 | 42 45 54 57 45 45 4e 20 |IDNCE |BETWEEN |
|000057f0| 41 52 42 49 54 52 41 52 | 59 20 46 4f 52 4d 55 4c |ARBITRAR|Y FORMUL|
|00005800| 41 20 41 4e 44 20 54 48 | 45 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |A AND TH|E |
|00005810| 4f 42 53 45 52 56 45 44 | 20 41 54 4f 4d 49 43 20 |OBSERVED| ATOMIC |
|00005820| 53 50 45 43 54 52 41 20 | 4f 46 20 48 59 44 52 4f |SPECTRA |OF HYDRO|
|00005830| 47 45 4e 2e 22 00 af 98 | 86 10 99 a3 36 29 22 54 |GEN."...|....6)"T|
|00005840| 48 45 20 45 58 49 53 54 | 45 4e 43 45 20 4f 46 20 |HE EXIST|ENCE OF |
|00005850| 53 55 43 48 20 52 45 4d | 41 52 4b 41 42 4c 45 20 |SUCH REM|ARKABLE |
|00005860| 20 52 45 47 55 4c 41 52 | 49 54 49 45 53 20 49 4e | REGULAR|ITIES IN|
|00005870| 20 54 48 45 20 48 59 44 | 52 4f 47 45 4e 20 53 50 | THE HYD|ROGEN SP|
|00005880| 45 43 54 52 55 4d 2c 20 | 20 54 4f 47 45 54 48 45 |ECTRUM, | TOGETHE|
|00005890| 52 20 57 49 54 48 20 53 | 49 4d 49 4c 41 52 20 52 |R WITH S|IMILAR R|
|000058a0| 45 47 55 4c 41 52 49 54 | 49 45 53 20 49 4e 22 00 |EGULARIT|IES IN".|
|000058b0| 2e 99 90 10 99 22 54 48 | 45 20 53 50 45 43 54 52 |....."TH|E SPECTR|
|000058c0| 41 20 4f 46 20 4d 4f 52 | 45 20 43 4f 4d 50 4c 45 |A OF MOR|E COMPLE|
|000058d0| 58 20 45 4c 45 4d 45 4e | 54 53 20 4c 45 44 54 4f |X ELEMEN|TS LEDTO|
|000058e0| 20 41 4e 20 45 58 41 4d | 49 4e 41 54 49 4f 4e 20 | AN EXAM|INATION |
|000058f0| 4f 46 20 54 48 45 20 50 | 4f 53 53 49 42 4c 45 20 |OF THE P|OSSIBLE |
|00005900| 20 20 20 20 20 20 45 58 | 50 4c 41 4e 41 54 49 4f | EX|PLANATIO|
|00005910| 4e 20 4f 46 20 54 48 49 | 53 20 50 48 45 4e 4f 4d |N OF THI|S PHENOM|
|00005920| 45 4e 55 4d 20 49 4e 20 | 54 45 52 4d 53 22 00 71 |ENUM IN |TERMS".q|
|00005930| 99 9a 10 99 22 4f 46 20 | 54 48 45 20 53 54 52 55 |...."OF |THE STRU|
|00005940| 43 54 55 52 45 20 4f 46 | 20 54 48 45 20 41 54 4f |CTURE OF| THE ATO|
|00005950| 4d 53 20 4f 46 20 54 48 | 45 20 20 20 20 56 41 52 |MS OF TH|E VAR|
|00005960| 49 4f 55 53 20 45 4c 45 | 4d 45 4e 54 53 2e 22 3a |IOUS ELE|MENTS.":|
|00005970| 85 00 89 99 a4 10 99 c7 | 28 31 34 37 29 3a 99 22 |........|(147):."|
|00005980| 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 | 22 00 06 9a ae 10 99 a3 |........|".......|
|00005990| 36 29 22 54 48 45 20 42 | 45 53 54 20 49 4e 46 4f |6)"THE B|EST INFO|
|000059a0| 52 4d 41 54 49 4f 4e 20 | 57 45 20 48 41 56 45 20 |RMATION |WE HAVE |
|000059b0| 49 53 20 20 20 54 48 41 | 54 20 54 48 45 20 48 59 |IS THA|T THE HY|
|000059c0| 44 52 4f 47 45 4e 20 41 | 54 4f 4d 20 43 4f 4e 53 |DROGEN A|TOM CONS|
|000059d0| 49 53 54 53 20 4f 46 20 | 41 20 20 20 20 4e 55 43 |ISTS OF |A NUC|
|000059e0| 4c 45 55 53 20 57 49 54 | 48 20 41 20 53 49 4e 47 |LEUS WIT|H A SING|
|000059f0| 4c 45 20 50 52 4f 54 4f | 4e 20 53 55 52 52 4f 55 |LE PROTO|N SURROU|
|00005a00| 4e 44 45 44 20 22 00 85 | 9a b8 10 99 22 42 59 20 |NDED "..|...."BY |
|00005a10| 41 20 53 49 4e 47 4c 45 | 20 45 4c 45 43 54 52 4f |A SINGLE| ELECTRO|
|00005a20| 4e 2e 20 49 54 20 49 53 | 20 43 4c 45 41 52 20 54 |N. IT IS| CLEAR T|
|00005a30| 48 41 54 20 20 49 46 20 | 54 48 45 20 45 4c 45 43 |HAT IF |THE ELEC|
|00005a40| 54 52 4f 4e 20 49 53 20 | 4f 42 4c 49 47 45 44 20 |TRON IS |OBLIGED |
|00005a50| 54 4f 20 57 48 49 52 4c | 20 20 20 20 20 41 52 4f |TO WHIRL| ARO|
|00005a60| 55 4e 44 20 54 48 45 20 | 4e 55 43 4c 45 55 53 20 |UND THE |NUCLEUS |
|00005a70| 4c 49 4b 45 20 41 20 50 | 4c 41 4e 45 54 20 41 52 |LIKE A P|LANET AR|
|00005a80| 4f 55 4e 44 22 00 05 9b | c2 10 99 22 54 48 45 20 |OUND"...|..."THE |
|00005a90| 53 55 4e 2c 20 54 48 41 | 54 20 54 48 45 20 50 52 |SUN, THA|T THE PR|
|00005aa0| 49 4e 43 49 50 4c 45 53 | 20 4f 46 20 20 20 20 20 |INCIPLES| OF |
|00005ab0| 20 20 20 20 43 4c 41 53 | 53 49 43 41 4c 20 50 48 | CLAS|SICAL PH|
|00005ac0| 59 53 49 43 53 20 57 4f | 55 4c 44 20 52 45 51 55 |YSICS WO|ULD REQU|
|00005ad0| 49 52 45 20 54 48 41 54 | 20 54 48 45 45 4c 45 43 |IRE THAT| THEELEC|
|00005ae0| 54 52 4f 4e 20 52 41 44 | 49 41 54 45 20 45 4c 45 |TRON RAD|IATE ELE|
|00005af0| 43 54 52 4f 4d 41 47 4e | 45 54 49 43 20 45 4e 45 |CTROMAGN|ETIC ENE|
|00005b00| 52 47 59 20 22 00 85 9b | cc 10 99 22 43 4f 4e 54 |RGY "...|..."CONT|
|00005b10| 49 4e 55 4f 55 53 4c 59 | 2e 20 49 54 20 49 53 20 |INUOUSLY|. IT IS |
|00005b20| 4e 45 43 45 53 53 41 52 | 59 20 54 4f 20 4c 4f 4f |NECESSAR|Y TO LOO|
|00005b30| 4b 20 20 20 49 4e 54 4f | 20 51 55 41 4e 54 55 4d |K INTO| QUANTUM|
|00005b40| 20 43 4f 4e 43 45 50 54 | 53 20 54 4f 20 46 49 4e | CONCEPT|S TO FIN|
|00005b50| 44 20 41 4e 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 45 58 50 4c |D AN | EXPL|
|00005b60| 41 4e 41 54 49 4f 4e 20 | 46 4f 52 20 54 48 45 20 |ANATION |FOR THE |
|00005b70| 45 4d 49 53 53 49 4f 4e | 20 4f 46 20 4c 49 47 48 |EMISSION| OF LIGH|
|00005b80| 54 20 22 3a 85 00 9d 9b | d6 10 99 c7 28 31 34 37 |T ":....|....(147|
|00005b90| 29 3a 99 22 11 11 11 11 | 11 11 11 11 22 00 c1 9b |):."....|...."...|
|00005ba0| e0 10 99 a3 31 32 29 22 | 12 9e 20 44 45 20 42 52 |....12)"|.. DE BR|
|00005bb0| 4f 47 4c 49 45 20 57 41 | 56 45 53 92 05 20 22 3a |OGLIE WA|VES.. ":|
|00005bc0| 85 00 d9 9b ea 10 99 c7 | 28 31 34 37 29 3a 99 22 |........|(147):."|
|00005bd0| 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 | 22 00 56 9c f4 10 99 a3 |........|".V.....|
|00005be0| 36 29 22 4c 4f 55 49 53 | 20 44 45 20 42 52 4f 47 |6)"LOUIS| DE BROG|
|00005bf0| 4c 49 45 20 53 55 47 47 | 45 53 54 45 44 20 49 4e |LIE SUGG|ESTED IN|
|00005c00| 20 31 39 32 34 54 48 41 | 54 20 57 41 56 45 53 20 | 1924THA|T WAVES |
|00005c10| 4d 49 47 48 54 20 42 45 | 20 41 53 53 4f 43 49 41 |MIGHT BE| ASSOCIA|
|00005c20| 54 45 44 20 57 49 54 48 | 20 20 20 20 20 50 41 52 |TED WITH| PAR|
|00005c30| 54 49 43 4c 45 53 2c 20 | 54 48 45 20 43 4f 4e 56 |TICLES, |THE CONV|
|00005c40| 45 52 53 45 20 4f 46 20 | 54 48 45 20 44 49 53 43 |ERSE OF |THE DISC|
|00005c50| 4f 56 45 52 59 22 00 d2 | 9c fe 10 99 22 49 4e 20 |OVERY"..|...."IN |
|00005c60| 31 39 30 35 20 54 48 41 | 54 20 50 41 52 54 49 43 |1905 THA|T PARTIC|
|00005c70| 4c 45 53 20 43 41 4e 20 | 42 45 20 41 53 53 4f 43 |LES CAN |BE ASSOC|
|00005c80| 49 41 54 45 44 57 49 54 | 48 20 57 41 56 45 53 2e |IATEDWIT|H WAVES.|
|00005c90| 20 54 48 45 20 41 43 54 | 55 41 4c 20 45 58 49 53 | THE ACT|UAL EXIS|
|00005ca0| 54 45 4e 43 45 20 4f 46 | 20 54 48 45 20 44 45 20 |TENCE OF| THE DE |
|00005cb0| 42 52 4f 47 4c 49 45 20 | 57 41 56 45 53 20 57 41 |BROGLIE |WAVES WA|
|00005cc0| 53 20 44 45 4d 4f 4e 53 | 54 52 41 54 45 44 20 49 |S DEMONS|TRATED I|
|00005cd0| 4e 22 00 51 9d 08 11 99 | 22 31 39 32 37 2e 20 54 |N".Q....|"1927. T|
|00005ce0| 48 45 20 45 58 49 53 54 | 45 4e 43 45 20 4f 46 20 |HE EXIST|ENCE OF |
|00005cf0| 54 48 45 53 45 20 57 41 | 56 45 53 20 57 41 53 20 |THESE WA|VES WAS |
|00005d00| 20 54 48 45 20 53 54 41 | 52 54 49 4e 47 20 50 4f | THE STA|RTING PO|
|00005d10| 49 4e 54 20 46 4f 52 20 | 53 43 48 52 4f 45 44 49 |INT FOR |SCHROEDI|
|00005d20| 4e 47 45 52 27 53 20 20 | 20 44 45 56 45 4c 4f 50 |NGER'S | DEVELOP|
|00005d30| 4d 45 4e 54 20 4f 46 20 | 48 49 53 20 51 55 41 4e |MENT OF |HIS QUAN|
|00005d40| 54 55 4d 20 4d 45 43 48 | 41 4e 49 43 53 2e 22 3a |TUM MECH|ANICS.":|
|00005d50| 85 00 5d 9d 12 11 99 c7 | 28 31 34 37 29 00 d5 9d |..].....|(147)...|
|00005d60| 1c 11 99 a3 36 29 22 41 | 53 20 57 45 20 48 41 56 |....6)"A|S WE HAV|
|00005d70| 45 20 53 45 45 4e 20 49 | 4e 20 4f 54 48 45 52 20 |E SEEN I|N OTHER |
|00005d80| 50 41 52 54 53 20 4f 46 | 20 54 48 49 53 20 53 45 |PARTS OF| THIS SE|
|00005d90| 52 49 45 53 20 4f 4e 20 | 4d 4f 44 45 52 4e 20 50 |RIES ON |MODERN P|
|00005da0| 48 59 53 49 43 53 20 41 | 20 50 48 4f 54 4f 4e 20 |HYSICS A| PHOTON |
|00005db0| 20 4f 46 20 4c 49 47 48 | 54 20 48 41 53 20 4e 4f | OF LIGH|T HAS NO|
|00005dc0| 20 52 45 53 54 20 4d 41 | 53 53 20 41 4e 44 20 48 | REST MA|SS AND H|
|00005dd0| 41 53 20 41 22 00 ea 9d | 26 11 99 22 4d 4f 4d 45 |AS A"...|&.."MOME|
|00005de0| 4e 54 55 4d 20 4f 46 22 | 3a 99 00 ff 9d 30 11 99 |NTUM OF"|:....0..|
|00005df0| a3 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 | 20 48 28 4e 55 29 22 00 |.12)" | H(NU)".|
|00005e00| 14 9e 3a 11 99 a3 31 32 | 29 22 50 20 3d 20 c3 c3 |..:...12|)"P = ..|
|00005e10| c3 c3 c3 22 00 2b 9e 44 | 11 99 a3 31 32 29 22 20 |...".+.D|...12)" |
|00005e20| 20 20 20 20 20 43 22 20 | 20 3a 99 00 52 9e 4e 11 | C" | :..R.N.|
|00005e30| 99 a3 36 29 22 57 48 45 | 52 45 20 48 20 49 53 20 |..6)"WHE|RE H IS |
|00005e40| 50 4c 41 4e 43 4b 27 53 | 20 43 4f 4e 53 54 41 4e |PLANCK'S| CONSTAN|
|00005e50| 54 22 00 94 9e 58 11 99 | a3 36 29 22 28 4e 55 29 |T"...X..|.6)"(NU)|
|00005e60| 20 49 53 20 54 48 45 20 | 46 52 45 51 55 45 4e 43 | IS THE |FREQUENC|
|00005e70| 59 20 4f 46 20 54 48 45 | 20 4c 49 47 48 54 20 20 |Y OF THE| LIGHT |
|00005e80| 20 20 20 20 20 50 48 4f | 54 4f 4e 2c 20 20 20 20 | PHO|TON, |
|00005e90| 41 4e 44 22 00 bc 9e 62 | 11 99 a3 36 29 22 43 20 |AND"...b|...6)"C |
|00005ea0| 20 49 53 20 54 48 45 20 | 56 45 4c 4f 43 49 54 59 | IS THE |VELOCITY|
|00005eb0| 20 4f 46 20 4c 49 47 48 | 54 22 3a 99 00 07 9f 6c | OF LIGH|T":....l|
|00005ec0| 11 99 a3 36 29 22 53 49 | 4e 43 45 20 20 43 2f 28 |...6)"SI|NCE C/(|
|00005ed0| 4e 55 29 20 49 53 20 54 | 48 45 20 57 41 56 45 4c |NU) IS T|HE WAVEL|
|00005ee0| 45 4e 47 54 48 20 28 4c | 41 4d 42 44 41 29 20 20 |ENGTH (L|AMBDA) |
|00005ef0| 20 4f 46 54 48 45 20 4c | 49 47 48 54 20 57 45 20 | OFTHE L|IGHT WE |
|00005f00| 48 41 56 45 22 3a 99 00 | 1c 9f 76 11 99 a3 31 32 |HAVE":..|..v...12|
|00005f10| 29 22 20 20 20 20 48 28 | 4e 55 29 22 00 31 9f 80 |)" H(|NU)".1..|
|00005f20| 11 99 a3 31 32 29 22 50 | 20 3d 20 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 |...12)"P| = .....|
|00005f30| 22 00 4a 9f 8a 11 99 a3 | 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 |".J.....|12)" |
|00005f40| 4c 41 4d 42 44 41 22 20 | 3a 99 00 93 9f 94 11 99 |LAMBDA" |:.......|
|00005f50| a3 36 29 22 53 49 4e 43 | 45 20 54 48 45 20 4d 4f |.6)"SINC|E THE MO|
|00005f60| 4d 45 4e 54 55 4d 20 4f | 46 20 41 20 50 41 52 54 |MENTUM O|F A PART|
|00005f70| 49 43 4c 45 20 20 4f 46 | 20 4d 41 53 53 20 4d 20 |ICLE OF| MASS M |
|00005f80| 41 4d 44 20 56 45 4c 4f | 43 49 54 59 20 43 20 49 |AMD VELO|CITY C I|
|00005f90| 53 20 22 00 b2 9f 9e 11 | 99 a3 31 32 29 22 50 20 |S ".....|..12)"P |
|00005fa0| 3d 20 4d 56 20 20 2c 20 | 57 45 20 48 41 56 45 22 |= MV , |WE HAVE"|
|00005fb0| 3a 85 00 c6 9f a8 11 99 | c7 28 31 34 37 29 3a 99 |:.......|.(147):.|
|00005fc0| 22 11 11 11 11 22 00 10 | a0 b2 11 99 a3 36 29 22 |"...."..|.....6)"|
|00005fd0| 54 48 45 20 44 45 20 42 | 52 4f 47 4c 49 45 20 57 |THE DE B|ROGLIE W|
|00005fe0| 41 56 45 4c 45 4e 47 54 | 48 20 4f 46 20 41 20 20 |AVELENGT|H OF A |
|00005ff0| 20 20 50 48 4f 54 4f 4e | 20 4f 46 20 46 52 45 51 | PHOTON| OF FREQ|
|00006000| 55 45 4e 43 59 20 28 4e | 55 29 20 49 53 22 3a 99 |UENCY (N|U) IS":.|
|00006010| 00 29 a0 bc 11 99 a3 31 | 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 20 |.).....1|2)" |
|00006020| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 48 | 22 00 44 a0 c6 11 99 a3 | H|".D.....|
|00006030| 31 32 29 22 4c 41 4d 42 | 44 41 20 3d 20 c3 c3 c3 |12)"LAMB|DA = ...|
|00006040| c3 c3 c3 22 00 5e a0 d0 | 11 99 a3 31 32 29 22 20 |...".^..|...12)" |
|00006050| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 4d 56 22 00 ca | | MV"..|
|00006060| a0 da 11 99 22 11 11 22 | 3a 99 a3 36 29 22 54 48 |....".."|:..6)"TH|
|00006070| 45 20 53 54 55 44 45 4e | 54 20 53 48 4f 55 4c 44 |E STUDEN|T SHOULD|
|00006080| 20 4e 4f 54 45 20 48 45 | 52 45 20 54 48 41 54 20 | NOTE HE|RE THAT |
|00006090| 54 48 45 20 4d 41 53 53 | 20 4d 20 4f 46 20 54 48 |THE MASS| M OF TH|
|000060a0| 45 20 50 48 4f 54 4f 4e | 20 49 53 20 54 48 45 20 |E PHOTON| IS THE |
|000060b0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 52 45 4c 41 54 49 56 49 | |RELATIVI|
|000060c0| 53 54 49 43 20 4d 41 53 | 53 22 00 e1 a0 e4 11 99 |STIC MAS|S"......|
|000060d0| a3 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 4d |.12)" | M|
|000060e0| 22 00 f9 a0 ee 11 99 a3 | 31 32 29 22 20 20 20 20 |".......|12)" |
|000060f0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 4f | 22 00 15 a1 f8 11 99 a3 | O|".......|
|00006100| 31 32 29 22 4d 20 3d 20 | c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 c3 |12)"M = |........|
|00006110| c3 c3 c3 c3 22 00 33 a1 | 02 12 99 a3 31 32 29 22 |....".3.|....12)"|
|00006120| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 32 20 20 32 20 31 | | 2 2 1|
|00006130| 2f 32 22 00 50 a1 0c 12 | 99 a3 31 32 29 22 20 20 |/2".P...|..12)" |
|00006140| 20 20 20 28 31 2d 20 56 | 20 2f 43 20 29 22 3a 85 | (1- V| /C )":.|
|00006150| 00 68 a1 16 12 99 c7 28 | 31 34 37 29 3a 99 22 11 |.h.....(|147):.".|
|00006160| 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 22 | 00 89 a1 20 12 99 a3 31 |......."|... ...1|
|00006170| 32 29 22 12 9e 20 57 41 | 56 45 20 46 55 4e 43 54 |2)".. WA|VE FUNCT|
|00006180| 49 4f 4e 20 92 05 22 3a | 85 00 a1 a1 2a 12 99 c7 |ION ..":|....*...|
|00006190| 28 31 34 37 29 3a 99 22 | 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 |(147):."|........|
|000061a0| 22 00 1b a2 34 12 99 a3 | 36 29 22 42 45 46 4f 52 |"...4...|6)"BEFOR|
|000061b0| 45 20 57 45 20 43 41 4e | 20 46 55 4c 4c 59 20 55 |E WE CAN| FULLY U|
|000061c0| 4e 44 45 52 53 54 41 4e | 44 20 44 45 20 42 52 4f |NDERSTAN|D DE BRO|
|000061d0| 47 4c 49 45 20 57 41 56 | 45 53 20 57 45 20 4d 55 |GLIE WAV|ES WE MU|
|000061e0| 43 48 20 44 45 46 49 4e | 45 20 54 48 45 20 54 45 |CH DEFIN|E THE TE|
|000061f0| 52 4d 20 20 20 27 57 41 | 56 45 20 46 55 4e 43 54 |RM 'WA|VE FUNCT|
|00006200| 49 4f 4e 27 2c 20 44 45 | 4e 4f 54 45 44 20 42 59 |ION', DE|NOTED BY|
|00006210| 20 54 48 45 20 47 52 45 | 45 4b 22 00 32 a2 3e 12 | THE GRE|EK".2.>.|
|00006220| 99 22 4c 45 54 54 45 52 | 20 28 50 53 49 29 2e 22 |."LETTER| (PSI)."|
|00006230| 3a 85 00 4a a2 48 12 99 | c7 28 31 34 37 29 3a 99 |:..J.H..|.(147):.|
|00006240| 22 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 | 11 22 00 6b a2 52 12 99 |".......|.".k.R..|
|00006250| a3 31 34 29 22 12 9e 44 | 45 46 49 4e 49 54 49 4f |.14)"..D|EFINITIO|
|00006260| 4e 20 92 05 22 3a 99 22 | 11 11 22 00 e8 a2 5c 12 |N ..":."|.."...\.|
|00006270| 99 a3 36 29 22 54 48 45 | 20 56 41 4c 55 45 20 4f |..6)"THE| VALUE O|
|00006280| 46 20 50 53 49 20 54 48 | 45 20 57 41 56 45 20 46 |F PSI TH|E WAVE F|
|00006290| 55 4e 43 54 49 4f 4e 41 | 53 53 4f 43 49 41 54 45 |UNCTIONA|SSOCIATE|
|000062a0| 44 20 57 49 54 48 20 41 | 20 4d 4f 56 49 4e 47 20 |D WITH A| MOVING |
|000062b0| 42 4f 44 59 20 41 54 20 | 41 20 20 20 20 20 20 50 |BODY AT |A P|
|000062c0| 41 52 54 49 43 55 4c 41 | 52 20 50 4f 49 4e 54 20 |ARTICULA|R POINT |
|000062d0| 28 58 2c 59 2c 5a 29 20 | 49 4e 20 53 50 41 43 45 |(X,Y,Z) |IN SPACE|
|000062e0| 20 41 54 20 54 48 45 22 | 00 6a a3 66 12 99 22 54 | AT THE"|.j.f.."T|
|000062f0| 49 4d 45 20 54 20 49 53 | 20 52 45 4c 41 54 45 44 |IME T IS| RELATED|
|00006300| 20 54 4f 20 54 48 45 20 | 4c 49 4b 45 4c 49 48 4f | TO THE |LIKELIHO|
|00006310| 4f 44 20 4f 46 20 20 46 | 49 4e 44 49 4e 47 20 54 |OD OF F|INDING T|
|00006320| 48 45 20 42 4f 44 59 20 | 54 48 45 52 45 20 41 54 |HE BODY |THERE AT|
|00006330| 20 54 48 41 54 20 54 49 | 4d 45 2e 20 20 20 20 50 | THAT TI|ME. P|
|00006340| 53 49 20 48 41 53 20 4e | 4f 20 44 49 52 45 43 54 |SI HAS N|O DIRECT|
|00006350| 20 50 48 59 53 49 43 41 | 4c 20 53 49 47 4e 49 46 | PHYSICA|L SIGNIF|
|00006360| 49 43 41 4e 43 45 2e 22 | 3a 85 00 82 a3 70 12 99 |ICANCE."|:....p..|
|00006370| c7 28 31 34 37 29 3a 99 | 22 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 |.(147):.|".......|
|00006380| 11 22 00 fd a3 7a 12 99 | a3 36 29 22 57 48 49 4c |."...z..|.6)"WHIL|
|00006390| 45 20 28 50 53 49 29 20 | 49 54 53 45 4c 46 20 49 |E (PSI) |ITSELF I|
|000063a0| 53 20 54 48 45 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 50 52 |S THE | PR|
|000063b0| 4f 42 41 42 49 4c 49 54 | 59 20 4f 46 20 46 49 4e |OBABILIT|Y OF FIN|
|000063c0| 44 49 4e 47 20 54 48 45 | 20 50 48 4f 54 4f 4e 20 |DING THE| PHOTON |
|000063d0| 41 54 20 41 20 20 50 41 | 52 54 49 43 55 4c 41 52 |AT A PA|RTICULAR|
|000063e0| 20 50 4c 41 43 45 2c 20 | 54 48 45 20 41 4d 50 4c | PLACE, |THE AMPL|
|000063f0| 49 54 55 44 45 20 4f 46 | 20 54 48 45 22 00 7c a4 |ITUDE OF| THE".|.|
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