Usenet 1994 October/usenetsourcesnewsgroupsinfomagicoctober1994disk2.iso/misc/volume11/gnuplot2/part04

Text File | 1990-03-25 | 27.2 KB | 741 lines

Newsgroups: comp.sources.misc
organization: Pixar -- Marin County, California
subject: v11i069: Gnuplot 2.0 - 4 of 14
From: [e-mail]@pixar.UUCP (Tom Williams)
Sender: [e-mail] (Brandon S. Allbery - comp.sources.misc)

Posting-number: Volume 11, Issue 69
Submitted-by: [e-mail]@pixar.UUCP (Tom Williams)
Archive-name: gnuplot2/part04

This is gnuplot.sh04

--- CUT HERE ---
#! /bin/sh
echo x - docs/latextut/Makefile
sed 's/^X//' >docs/latextut/Makefile <<'*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/Makefile-*-*'
X# Makefile for gnuplot LaTeX tutorial
X# To make the manual from scratch, we run latex three times
Xall: tutorial.dvi
X    latex tutorial
X
X# To touch it up after changes:
Xremake: tutorial.dvi
X
X# Always runs latex, e.g., to get labels right
Xforce:
X    latex tutorial
X
Xtutorial.dvi: eg1.tex eg2.tex eg3.tex eg4.tex eg5.tex eg6.tex \
X    tutorial.tex header.tex
X    latex tutorial
X
X.SUFFIXES: .tex .plt
X
X.plt.tex:
X    gnuplot $<
X
Xclean:
X    rm -f *~ *.log eg?.tex
X
Xspotless:
X    rm -f *~ *.log *.aux *.dvi eg?.tex
*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/Makefile-*-*
echo x - docs/latextut/eg1.plt
sed 's/^X//' >docs/latextut/eg1.plt <<'*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg1.plt-*-*'
Xset terminal latex
Xset output "eg1.tex"
Xplot [-3.14:3.14] sin(x)
*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg1.plt-*-*
echo x - docs/latextut/eg2.plt
sed 's/^X//' >docs/latextut/eg2.plt <<'*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg2.plt-*-*'
Xset terminal latex
Xset output "eg2.tex"
Xset size 5/5., 4/3.
Xset format xy "$%g$"
Xset title "This is a plot of $y=sin(x)$"
Xset xlabel "This is the $x$ axis"
Xset ylabel "This is\\the\\$y$ axis"
Xplot [0:6.28] [0:1] sin(x)
*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg2.plt-*-*
echo x - docs/latextut/eg3.dat
sed 's/^X//' >docs/latextut/eg3.dat <<'*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg3.dat-*-*'
X-20.000000 -9.125028
X-19.000000 -9.109280
X-18.000000 -9.091787
X-17.000000 -9.072243
X-16.000000 -9.050265
X-15.000000 -9.025369
X-14.000000 -8.996933
X-13.000000 -8.964147
X-12.000000 -8.925931
X-11.000000 -8.880819
X-10.000000 -8.826766
X-9.000000 -8.760835
X-8.000000 -8.678648
X-7.000000 -8.573396
X-6.000000 -8.433886
X-5.000000 -8.240405
X-4.000000 -7.954906
X-3.000000 -7.494275
X-2.000000 -6.642892
X-1.000000 -4.712389
X0.000000 0.000000
X1.000000 4.712389
X2.000000 6.642892
X3.000000 7.494275
X4.000000 7.954906
X5.000000 8.240405
X6.000000 8.433886
X7.000000 8.573396
X8.000000 8.678648
X9.000000 8.760835
X10.000000 8.826766
X11.000000 8.880819
X12.000000 8.925931
X13.000000 8.964147
X14.000000 8.996933
X15.000000 9.025369
X16.000000 9.050265
X17.000000 9.072243
X18.000000 9.091787
X19.000000 9.109280
*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg3.dat-*-*
echo x - docs/latextut/eg3.plt
sed 's/^X//' >docs/latextut/eg3.plt <<'*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg3.plt-*-*'
Xset terminal latex
Xset output "eg3.tex"
Xset format xy "$%g$"
Xset title "This is another plot"
Xset xlabel "$x$ axis"
Xset ylabel "$y$ axis"
Xset key 15,-10
Xplot x with lines, "eg3.dat" with linespoints
*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg3.plt-*-*
echo x - docs/latextut/eg4.plt
sed 's/^X//' >docs/latextut/eg4.plt <<'*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg4.plt-*-*'
Xset terminal latex
Xset output "eg4.tex"
Xset format y "$%g$"
Xset format x "$%.2f$"
Xset title "This is $\sin(x)$"
Xset xlabel "This is the $x$ axis"
Xset ylabel "$\sin(x)$"
Xset nokey
Xset xtics -pi, pi/4
Xplot [-pi:pi] [-1:1] sin(x)
*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg4.plt-*-*
echo x - docs/latextut/eg5.plt
sed 's/^X//' >docs/latextut/eg5.plt <<'*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg5.plt-*-*'
Xset terminal latex
Xset output "eg5.tex"
Xset format y "$%g$"
Xset format x "$%4.1f\pi$"
Xset noclip points
Xset title "This is $\sin(x)$"
Xset xlabel "This is the $x$ axis"
Xset ylabel "$\sin(x)$"
Xset nokey
Xset xtics ("$-\pi$" -pi,\
X "$-\frac{\pi}{2}$" -pi/2,\
X "0" 0,\
X "$\frac{\pi}{2}$" pi/2,\
X "$\pi$" pi)
Xplot [-pi:pi] [-1:1] sin(x)
*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg5.plt-*-*
echo x - docs/latextut/eg6.plt
sed 's/^X//' >docs/latextut/eg6.plt <<'*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg6.plt-*-*'
Xset terminal latex
Xset output "eg6.tex"
Xset size 3.5/5, 3/3.
Xset format y "$%g$"
Xset format x "$%5.1f\mu$"
Xset title "This is a title"
Xset xlabel "This is the $x$ axis"
Xset ylabel "This is\\a longer\\version\\ of\\the $y$\\ axis"
Xset label "Data" at -5,-5 right
Xset arrow from -5,-5 to -3.3,-6.7
Xset key -4,8
Xset xtic -10,5,10
Xplot [-10:10] [-10:10] "eg3.dat" title "Data File"  with linespoints 1 7,\
X   3*exp(-x*x)+1  title "$3e^{-x^{2}}+1$" with lines 4
*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/eg6.plt-*-*
echo x - docs/latextut/header.tex
sed 's/^X//' >docs/latextut/header.tex <<'*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/header.tex-*-*'
X%
X% Header file for gnutex.tex
X%
X
X% Spacing
X\newcommand{\singlespace}
X  {\addtolength{\baselineskip}{-.333\baselineskip}}
X\newcommand{\doublespace}
X  {\addtolength{\baselineskip}{.5\baselineskip}}
X
X% Spacing for the whole document
X\newcommand{\currentspace}{} % use this for single space
X% \newcommand{\currentspace}{\doubleespace} % use this for double space
X
X% Common abbreviations
X% (Remember to put '\ ' after if an interword space is
X%  desired rather than end-of-sentence space. Same for '.etc)' ).
X\newcommand{\eg}{{\em e.g.}}        % e.g.
X\newcommand{\ie}{{\em i.e.}}        % i.e.
X\newcommand{\etc}{{\em etc.}}        % etc.
X\newcommand{\vs}{{\em vs.}}        % vs.
X\newcommand{\usec}{{$\mu$}sec}    % microseconds
X
X% \boxfigure{pos}{wid}{text}:  A figure with a box around it
X%
X% pos    the usual figure placement arg: eg. htbp
X% wid    the width of the figure, in some units: eg. 5in
X% text    the contents of the figure, including picture/caption/label/etc
X%
X\newlength{\boxwidth}
X\newcommand{\boxfigure}[3]{
X    \begin{figure}[#1]
X        \setlength{\boxwidth}{#2}
X        \addtolength{\boxwidth}{.1in}
X
X        \centering
X        \framebox[\boxwidth]{
X            \begin{minipage}{#2}
X            #3
X            \end{minipage}
X        }
X    \end{figure}
X}
X
X% use \fullboxwidth for arg 2 of boxfigure to get box of size \textwidth
X
X% To show a syntax for a gnutex command
X\newenvironment{syntax}{\begin{quote}\tt}{\end{quote}}
X
X\documentstyle[titlepage,11pt]{article}
X
X% Margins
X\sloppy
X\setlength{\textwidth}{6.5in}
X\setlength{\textheight}{9in}
X\setlength{\topmargin}{-0.5in}
X\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0pt}
X\setlength{\evensidemargin}{0pt}
X
X% see above
X\newlength{\fullboxwidth}
X\setlength{\fullboxwidth}{\textwidth}
X\addtolength{\fullboxwidth}{-0.1in}
X
*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/header.tex-*-*
echo x - docs/latextut/tutorial.tex
sed 's/^X//' >docs/latextut/tutorial.tex <<'*-*-END-of-docs/latextut/tutorial.tex-*-*'
X%
X% Tutorial for GNUPLOT plotting program, for LaTeX users
X% David Kotz ([e-mail])
X% Duke University Computer Science Department
X%
X% NOTE: If LaTeX runs out of memory processing plots,
X% add ``with lines 4'' to each curve in eg*.plt and rerun make.
X%
X
X% some header info
X\input{header}
X
X\begin{document}
X
X\title{\LaTeX\ and the GNUPLOT Plotting
XProgram\thanks{This document describes GNUPLOT version 2.0. All plots
Xin this document were made with that version of GNUPLOT.} }
X\author{David Kotz \\ \[e-mail]+}
X\date{February 10, 1990}
X
X\maketitle
X
X\pagestyle{myheadings}
X\markright{GNUPLOT \LaTeX\ Tutorial Version 2.0}
X
X\currentspace % defined in header.tex
X
X\section{Introduction and History}
X
XGNUPLOT was originally developed by Colin Kelley and Thomas Williams
Xin 1986 to plot functions and data files on a variety of terminals.
XIn 1988 and 1989 I created an alternate version, known as Gnu\TeX,
Xthat supported a new ``terminal type'' called {\tt latex}, so gnuplot
Xwould output \LaTeX\ code. The plot could then be included in a
X\LaTeX\ document. I added a number of embellishments, supported only
Xby the {\tt latex} terminal, allowing the user to produce
Xpublication-quality plots.
X
XIn late 1989 and early 1990 Gnu\TeX\ and a number of other GNUPLOT
Xvariants were merged together into a new release of GNUPLOT, 2.0. This
Xincludes, among many other improvements, a \LaTeX\ driver derived from
Xthe one in Gnu\TeX. Former Gnu\TeX\ users are referred to
XSection~\ref{oldusers} for information about adapting to GNUPLOT 2.0.
XAnyone interested in using GNUPLOT 2.0 with \LaTeX\ should read the
Xnext section, a tutorial.  GNUPLOT beginners should also read the
Xprimary GNUPLOT manual.
X
XThe reader should note that the \LaTeX\ picture environments output by
XGNUPLOT can be quite large and complicated, and can easily exceed the
Xmemory capacity of \TeX. If an enlarged version of \TeX\ is available,
Xit is wise to use it. Otherwise, keep your plots simple and add
X\verb+\clearpage+ to your document where necessary.
X
XThere is also a new EEPIC driver ({\tt eepic}), intended for use with
Xthe EEPIC macro package for \LaTeX. EEPIC allows for much more
Xefficient line-drawing, runs through \LaTeX\ faster, uses less memory,
Xand may produce better-looking plots. See Section~\ref{s:eepic} for
Xmore information.
X
X\section{Using GNUPLOT for \LaTeX: a Tutorial}
X
XGNUPLOT is by nature an interactive program. Users making plots for
X\LaTeX\ will generally not use GNUPLOT interactively.  Whenever hard
Xcopy is desired from GNUPLOT, the program need not be run on a
Xgraphics terminal. In this case the output is directed to a file or
Xpipe, then sent to the appropriate output device. For example, output
Xfrom the terminal type {\tt unixplot} may be sent to a program
Xinterpreting the Unix plotting standard. The terminal types {\tt
Ximagen} and {\tt postscript} may be used for output to printers
Xunderstanding those languages. (A shell script ({\tt lasergnu}) is
Xsupplied with the distribution that will accept a GNUPLOT command or
Xinput file and send the output to an Imagen or Postscript laser
Xprinter. This script may have been adapted to your site.) The terminal
Xtype {\tt fig} outputs FIG code that can be read by the Fig graphics
Xprogram and translated into forms usable in both \TeX\ and
X\LaTeX\ documents.
X
XWe now ignore the interactive nature of GNUPLOT and provide the input
Xto GNUPLOT from a file, \ie,
X\begin{verbatim}
X      gnuplot gnu.input
X\end{verbatim}
XIn this example, all of the commands to GNUPLOT are contained in the
Xfile {\tt gnu.input}. Multiple filenames may be supplied to GNUPLOT
Xthis way, read in the order they are given.  The output (one or more
Xplots) may be piped to another program or redirected to a file.
XUsually, however, we direct the output explicitly with an instruction
Xto GNUPLOT (the {\tt set output} command). GNUPLOT continues to print
Xerror messages to the terminal (stderr).
X
X\paragraph{Example 1:} Here is a first example, producing a plot for
Xthis document. The GNUPLOT input file is given below, and the output
Xappears as Figure~\ref{eg1}. The input file defines the output to be
Xin \LaTeX, gives a file name for the output, and plots $y=sin(x)$ for
X$x$ on $[-\pi,\pi]$. To produce the figure, I simply
X\verb+\input{eg1}+ in a {\tt center} environment in a {\tt figure}
Xenvironment. In following examples, I will enclose the figure in a box
Xto make it look a little better.
X
X\singlespace
X\begin{verbatim}
X    set terminal latex
X    set output "eg1.tex"
X    plot [-3.14:3.14] sin(x)
X\end{verbatim}
X\currentspace
X
X\begin{figure}[htbp]
X  \begin{center}
X    \input{eg1}
X  \end{center}
X  \caption{A first example: $y=sin(x)$}
X  \label{eg1}
X\end{figure}
X
XNote that GNUPLOT has drawn in the axes, labeled the tic marks for us,
Xscaled the $y$ axis automatically, and added a key in the
Xupper-right-hand corner (this may be moved with the {\tt set key}
Xcommand).
X
XThis is the default line style for the \LaTeX\ driver.  Because of the
Xlimited picture capabilities of \LaTeX, many dots are required to
Xapproximate drawing a solid line. This may overload the memory of many
X\TeX\ implementations. There are other line types available that draw
Xdotted lines and use much less memory. The EEPIC driver draws solid
Xlines with much less memory usage.
X
X\paragraph{Example 2:} Now we will embellish the plot a little with
Xsome labels.  This input file produces Figure~\ref{eg2}.
X
X\singlespace
X\begin{verbatim}
X    set terminal latex
X    set output "eg2.tex"
X    set size 5/5., 4/3.
X    set format xy "$%g$"
X    set title "This is a plot of $y=sin(x)$"
X    set xlabel "This is the $x$ axis"
X    set ylabel "This is\\the\\$y$ axis"
X    plot [0:6.28] [0:1] sin(x)
X\end{verbatim}
X\currentspace
X
X\boxfigure{htbp}{\fullboxwidth}{
X  \begin{center}
X    \input{eg2}
X  \end{center}
X  \caption{A more fancy example.}
X  \label{eg2}
X}
X
XWe have specified the plot to be 5 inches wide and 4 inches tall with
Xthe {\tt set size} command. This is the size of the area used by the
Xplot, {\em including} space for the labels.  In the first example,
Xthis size was the default 5 inches by 3 inches. By specifying the
Xscaling factors of 1 (or 5/5) and 1.3333 (or 4/3), we obtain the
Xdesired plot size.
X
XWe have requested that the format used by the $x$- and $y$-axis tic
Xmark labels be in \LaTeX\ math mode. This makes the labels look a
Xlittle better. The default is \verb+set format xy "%g"+. The \verb+%g+
Xrepresents the general-purpose floating point formatting specification
Xfor the {\tt printf} function in C. Any valid floating-point
Xformatting specification, or \LaTeX\ command, is allowed in the
Xformat.
X
XA title for the plot and labels for the axes were set up in the next
Xthree commands.  Note that they are processed by \LaTeX\ and so may
Xhave math mode and other symbols in them. The ylabel may have multiple
Xlines, delineated with \verb+\\+.  Once these are set up, they will be
Xused for all subsequent plot commands until they are changed. These
Xlabels are also supported by the other terminal types, but (of course)
Xany \LaTeX\ code in the string will not be interpreted. We have also
Xdefined the range of both $x$ (now $[0,2\pi]$) and $y$ (here $[0,1]$).
X
XSo far we have plotted one curve, $y=\sin(x)$, on one plot. In
XGNUPLOT, each {\tt plot} command generates a new plot. If the output
Xis to a screen, the screen is cleared. If to a printer, a new page is
Xproduced. In the {\tt latex} case, a new picture is started. It is not
Xlikely that \LaTeX\ users will want this to happen, so generally each
Xplot has its own input file and is kept in a separate output ({\tt
X.tex}) file for inclusion at different places in the document.
X
X\paragraph{Example 3:} To place more than one curve on a plot, use one
X{\tt plot} statement and separate the description of each curve by a
Xcomma. In our next example, we will plot both a function and a data
Xfile on the same plot. This plot is shown in Figure~\ref{eg3}.
X
X\singlespace
X\begin{verbatim}
X    set terminal latex
X    set output "eg3.tex"
X    set format xy "$%g$"
X    set title "This is another plot"
X    set xlabel "$x$ axis"
X    set ylabel "$y$ axis"
X    set key 15,-10
X    plot x with lines, "eg3.dat" with linespoints
X\end{verbatim}
X\currentspace
X
X\boxfigure{htbp}{\fullboxwidth}{
X  \begin{center}
X    \input{eg3}
X  \end{center}
X  \caption{An example with two curves on the same plot.}
X  \label{eg3}
X}
X
XHere you will see that the $x$ range was not specified. The $x$ range
Xis determined automatically, unless specified by the user.  In
Xthis case, it is defined by the range of the data file
X\verb+"eg3.dat"+. The function is plotted over the same range. If no
Xdata files or $x$ range are supplied, the default range of $[-10:10]$
Xis used. We have also moved the key to a different position.  The
Xfunction $y=x$ is plotted ``with lines'', which is the default plot
Xstyle for functions, and is shown here to illustrate the plot style
Xoption.  The data file {\tt eg3.dat} is plotted with style {\tt
Xlinespoints}, a style like {\tt lines} that also plots a symbol at
Xeach data point.
X
XThere is a style called {\tt points} that only plots the symbols at
Xdata points, and another called {\tt dots} that plots a tiny dot for
Xeach data point.  The {\tt points} and {\tt linespoints} styles
Xproduce a different point symbol for each curve on the plot (for up to
Xtwelve symbols, after which they are re-used). The {\tt lines} and
X{\tt linespoints} styles use a different line style for each curve on
Xthe plot (in this example the dots have different spacing). Finally,
Xthe style {\tt impulses} draws a perpendicular from each point to the
X$x$-axis.
X
X\paragraph{Example 4:} In the above plots of $\sin(x)$, it would make
Xmore sense to label the axis in units of $\pi$. The position and
Xlabels of the tic labels may be specified by the user, with the {\tt
Xset xtics} and {\tt set ytics} commands. This is demonstrated by
Xthe following example, shown in Figure~\ref{eg4}.
X
X\singlespace
X\begin{verbatim}
X    set terminal latex
X    set output "eg4.tex"
X    set format y "$%g$"
X    set format x "$%.2f$"
X    set title "This is $\sin(x)$"
X    set xlabel "This is the $x$ axis"
X    set ylabel "$\sin(x)$"
X    set nokey
X    set xtics -pi, pi/4
X    plot [-pi:pi] [-1:1] sin(x)
X\end{verbatim}
X\currentspace
X
X\boxfigure{htbp}{\fullboxwidth}{
X  \begin{center}
X    \input{eg4}
X  \end{center}
X  \caption{An example of the {\tt set xtics} command.}
X  \label{eg4}
X}
X
XSince {\tt pi} is a predefined variable in GNUPLOT, we can use it
Xanywhere we may use an expression. The {\tt set xtics} command here
Xspecifies that the tics on the $x$ axis start at $-\pi$ and increment
Xby $\pi/4$. Since no end point is given, the tics continue to the
Xright edge. We have also turned off the key, and changed the format to
Xrestrict the $x$-axis tic labels to 2 decimal places.
X
XWith a little more work, the plot can look even better.  Another form
Xof this command allows us to specify the label and position of each
Xtic individually.  Replacing the above {\tt set xtics} command with
Xthe following gives us Figure~\ref{eg5}. We also make use of the line
Xcontinuation character, the backslash (\verb+\+), to spread out this
Xcommand for readability.
X
X\singlespace
X\begin{verbatim}
X    set xtics ("$-\pi$" -pi,\
X     "$-\frac{\pi}{2}$" -pi/2,\
X     "0" 0,\
X     "$\frac{\pi}{2}$" pi/2,\
X     "$\pi$" pi)
X\end{verbatim}
X\currentspace
X
X\boxfigure{htbp}{\fullboxwidth}{
X  \begin{center}
X    \input{eg5}
X  \end{center}
X  \caption{A fancy example of the {\tt set xtics} command.}
X  \label{eg5}
X}
X
X\paragraph{Going further:} You should now be able to make a variety of
Xplots for your \LaTeX\ document. We will present a final example
Xwithout explanation that showcases some of the capabilities of
XGNUPLOT. You may find documentation for the various commands in the
XGNUPLOT manual, though hopefully this example is somewhat
Xself-explanatory. This is shown in Figure~\ref{eg6}.
X
X\singlespace
X\begin{verbatim}
X    set terminal latex
X    set output "eg6.tex"
X    set size 3.5/5, 3/3.
X    set format y "$%g$"
X    set format x "$%5.1f\mu$"
X    set title "This is a title"
X    set xlabel "This is the $x$ axis"
X    set ylabel "This is\\a longer\\version\\ of\\the $y$\\ axis"
X    set label "Data" at -5,-5 right
X    set arrow from -5,-5 to -3.3,-6.7
X    set key -4,8
X    set xtic -10,5,10
X    plot [-10:10] [-10:10] "eg3.dat" title "Data File"  with linespoints 1 7,\
X       3*exp(-x*x)+1  title "$3e^{-x^{2}}+1$" with lines 4
X\end{verbatim}
X\currentspace
X
X\boxfigure{htbp}{\fullboxwidth}{
X  \begin{center}
X    \input{eg6}
X  \end{center}
X  \caption{An example of many features.}
X  \label{eg6}
X}
X
X\subsection{Summary --- Use with \LaTeX}
XIn summary, to use the \LaTeX\ facilities of GNUPLOT, the first
Xcommand to GNUPLOT should be
X\begin{syntax}
X    set terminal latex
X\end{syntax}
Xand the output of GNUPLOT should be directed to a file, for example,
X\begin{verbatim}
X    set output "plot.tex"
X\end{verbatim}
XThis may be anything you like but it should have a {\tt .tex} extension,
Xof course. Then the size of the plot should be given. For example, the
Xcommand
X\begin{verbatim}
X    set size 1,2
X\end{verbatim}
Xtells GNUPLOT to use a 5 inch wide by 6 inch high box for the plot.
XThe numbers given are {\em scale factors}, not the actual size.  The
Xdefault is 5 inches by 3 inches.  This is the size of the complete
Xplot, including all labels.
X
XWhen finished, the file will contain all of the plots you have
Xspecified (you probably only want one plot per file). This file can
Xthen be used in a \LaTeX\ document, \eg,
X
X\singlespace
X\begin{verbatim}
X    \begin {figure}
X      \begin{center}
X        \input{plot}
X      \end{center}
X    \end {figure}
X\end{verbatim}
X\currentspace
XThis puts the plot into a figure.
X
XYou will also want to read about the following commands: {\tt set
Xtitle, set xlabel, set ylabel, set key, set label, set xtics, set
Xytics}, and {\tt set clip}.  These are all described in the regular
XGNUPLOT manual.
X
X\section{Use with EEPIC}
X\label{s:eepic}
XEEPIC is a macro package extending the picture environment of \LaTeX.
XIf you have the EPIC or EEPIC macros, and your {\tt dvi} translator
Xsupports the {\em tpic\/} \verb+\special+s, then you have the possible
Xcapability for better-quality output. With EEPIC pictures, the {\tt
Xplot.tex} file will be smaller, \LaTeX\ will run much faster (and need
Xmuch less memory), and the {\tt dvi} file will be smaller.
X
XTo use EEPIC, set GNUPLOT's terminal type to {\tt eepic} instead of
X{\tt latex}, and use GNUPLOT as before. The line styles will change.
XInclude the file {\tt plot.tex} in your document as before, along with
Xthe document style options {\tt [epic,eepic]}.
X
XThis driver should be considered experimental.
X
X\section{For Former Gnu\TeX\ Users}
X\label{oldusers}
X
XFormer Gnu\TeX\ users may be pleased with many of the new features
X(many inspired by your suggestions!), but will also find many changes.
XGNUPLOT will {\em not\/} run all Gnu\TeX\ input files unchanged.
XSeveral Gnu\TeX\ features were not included in GNUPLOT because they
Xwere specific to the \LaTeX\ driver. I encourage you to use the newer
XGNUPLOT.  A translator is supplied with the GNUPLOT distribution that
Xattempts to translate your old Gnu\TeX\ 1.6 input files into GNUPLOT
X2.0 files.
X
XNote also the new EEPIC driver (Section~\ref{s:eepic}).
X
X\subsection{The Differences}
X\begin{itemize}
X\item The {\tt key} command was replaced by the {\tt set key}
Xcommand, and should therefore precede any {\tt plot} commands. A key
Xis shown by default, and can be turned off with {\tt set nokey}. The
Xposition specified is now the top center of the key, instead of the
Xbottom center. The titles and styles of the curves are extracted from
Xthe {\tt plot} command.
X\item The {\tt label} command was replaced by the {\tt set label}
Xcommand. The syntax is slightly different. Left, right, and center
Xjustification are still available, but only vertical centering is
Xpossible. Arrows are defined by the reference point of the label and
Xan ending point. This allows arbitrary slope arrows to be drawn.
XSince \LaTeX\ limits arrows (vectors) to particular slopes, we draw
Xnon-standard-slope arrows with the solid plot line type, and then add
Xan arrowhead. This will require less memory with the EEPIC driver.
X\item The user-defined style facility, controlled by {\tt set style},
Xis completely removed. This was too specific to the \LaTeX\ driver to
Xbe kept in this GNUPLOT release. The \LaTeX\ driver now supports
Xvarious line types in the {\tt lines} and {\tt linespoints} styles.
XSolid lines are the default, with higher-numbered styles providing
Xdotted lines. These solid lines are expensive. Avoid them if you run
Xinto memory or time difficulties, or try the EEPIC driver. The
X\LaTeX\ driver currently supports 6 point types (numbered 7-12) in
Xaddition to the 6 original GNUPLOT points (numbered 1-6). This set may
Xbe extended, so do not depend on wrap-around for point styles over 12.
X\item Multiple-line xlabels and titles, specified with \verb+\\+, are
Xnot permitted. They are still allowed in the ylabel. The ylabel {\tt
Xskip} parameter, however, is not available, so the ylabel is in a
Xfixed position.
X\item The {\tt set size} command takes a pair of scale factors, rather
Xthan absolute sizes. The default size is 5 inches wide by 3 inches
Xhigh. In addition, this size is now the size of the entire plot,
Xincluding labels, not just the box defining the plotting area. So you
Xneed to specify a size a little larger than before, in particular
Xwider. The easiest way to convert is to use the translator (see
Xbelow).
X\item Clipping has been expanded. A {\tt lines}-style curve that
Xcrossed out of the plotting area used to be cut at the last in-range
Xpoint, to be continued at the next in-range point. Now the curve is
Xdrawn from the last in-range point to the edge, toward the
Xout-of-range point. Similarly for returning from out-of-range to
Xin-range. A segment of the curve crossing the plotting area but
Xbeginning outside and ending outside may also be shown. These are all
Xuser-controlled. Read about {\tt set clip}.
X\item The default tic label format is ``\%g'', instead of ``\$\%g\$''.
X\item Ten-point roman (\verb+\tenrm+) is the default font for all text
Xand symbols in the plot.
X\item Non-interactive behavior, including error messages, has been
Xmuch improved. Input files may be specified as command-line arguments,
Xas well as through redirection.
X\item The help system was completely revamped.
X\item New features (see the GNUPLOT manual):
X  \begin{itemize}
X  \item The {\tt replot} command.
X  \item The {\tt save} command has been expanded.
X  \item The factorial operator.
X  \item The {\tt pause} command.
X  \item The {\tt set dummy} command.
X  \item The {\tt set tics} command.
X  \item The {\tt set xtics} and {\tt set ytics} commands.
X  \item The {\tt set offsets} command.
X  \item The {\tt set grid} command.
X  \item The {\tt set polar} command.
X  \item The {\tt title} option on the {\tt plot} command to
X  specify the title of the curve (for use in the key).
X  \item The line-type and point-type options to the {\tt with} option
X  of the {\tt plot} command.
X  \item Breaks are specified in data files with blank lines.
X  \item The logical operators now short-circuit, thus
X\begin{verbatim}
X     x = 4
X     y = (x != 4 && 10/(x-4) < 0)
X\end{verbatim}
X  gives y a value of false (0), instead of causing an error.
X  \end{itemize}
X
X\end{itemize}
X
X\subsection{The Translator}
XI have provided a translation program, {\tt gnut2p}, to convert gnutex
Xfiles to gnuplot files.  This program does its best, but is not
Xperfect. Most of gnutex will translate directly, some things will
Xtranslated easily (such as {\tt set size}), but some things cannot be
Xtranslated (such as {\tt set style}).  This program moves plot
Xcommands down past the {\tt label} and {\tt key} commands (which
Xchange into {\tt set label} and {\tt set key} commands). This may move
Xit past other commands. If it moves past variable or function
Xdefinitions, {\tt set} commands, or other commands which affect the
Xplot command's execution, then the new version will be incorrect. I
Xexpect this case to be rare; indeed, I generally expect the last lines
Xin Gnu\TeX\ input files used with \LaTeX\ to consist of {\tt plot,
Xlabel,} and {\tt key} commands.
X
XThe usage of this program is simple:
X\begin{verbatim}
X   gnut2p infile outfile
X\end{verbatim}
X{\tt infile} is an existing Gnu\TeX\ file, and {\tt outfile} will be
Xcreated as the GNUPLOT equivalent. The errors, warnings, and
Xexplanatory comments appear on stderr. Any use of line continuation
Xwill be lost, and some instances of the input style (\eg, white space)
Xmay be changed.
X
X\section{Contact}
XPlease contact me at [e-mail] with any comments you may have.
X
X\end{document}
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