OS/2 Professional/OS2PRO194.ISO/os2/editor/elvis/visual.doc

Text File | 1994-01-30 | 14KB | 397 lines

_2.  _V_I_S_U_A_L _M_O_D_E _C_O_M_M_A_N_D_S

     Most visual mode commands are one keystroke long.   The
following  table lists the operation performed by each keys-
troke, and also denotes any options  or  arguments  that  it
accepts.   Notes  at the end of the table describe the nota-
tion used in this table.

     In addition to the keys listed  here,  your  keyboard's
"arrow"  keys will be interpretted as the appropriate cursor
movement commands.  The same goes for <PgUp> and <PgDn>,  if
your  keyboard  has  them.   The  <Insert>  key  will toggle
between insert mode and replace mode.  There is a colon mode
command (":map", to be described later) which will allow you
to define other keys, such as function keys.

     A tip: visual command mode looks a lot like text  input
mode.   If  you  forget  which  mode you're in, just hit the
<Esc> key.  If Elvis beeps, then you're  in  visual  command
mode.   If Elvis does not beep, then you were in input mode,
but by hitting <Esc> you will have switched to  visual  com-
mand  mode.   So, one way or another, after <Esc> Elvis will
be ready for a command.

COMMAND      DESCRIPTION
       ^A    Search for next occurence of word at cursor (MOVE)(EXT)
       ^B    Move toward the top of the file by 1 screenful
       ^C    --- (usually sends SIGINT, to interupt a command)
count  ^D    Scroll down <count> lines (default 1/2 screen)
count  ^E    Scroll up <count> lines
       ^F    Move toward the bottom of the file by 1 screenful
       ^G    Show file status, and the current line #
count  ^H    Move left, like h (MOVE)
       ^I    ---
count  ^J    Move down (MOVE)
       ^K    ---
       ^L    Redraw the screen
count  ^M    Move to the front of the next line (MOVE)
count  ^N    Move down (MOVE)
       ^O    ---
count  ^P    Move up (MOVE)
       ^Q    --- (typically XON, which restarts screen updates)
       ^R    Redraw the screen
       ^S    --- (typically XOFF, which stops screen updates)
       ^T    ---
count  ^U    Scroll up <count> lines (default 1/2 screen)
       ^V    ---
       ^W    ---
count  ^X    Move to a physical column number on the screen (MOVE) (EXT)
count  ^Y    Scroll down <count> lines
       ^Z    --- (sometimes sends SIGSUSP, to suspend execution)
       ESC   ---
       ^\    --- (usually sends SIGQUIT, which is ignored)
       ^]    If the cursor is on a tag name, go to that tag



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2-2                 VISUAL MODE COMMANDS                 2-2


       ^^    Switch to the previous file, like ":e #"
       ^_    ---
count  SPC   Move right,like l (MOVE)
       ! mv  Run the selected lines thru an external filter program
       " key Select which cut buffer to use next
count  # +   Increment a number (EDIT) (EXT)
       $     Move to the rear of the current line (MOVE)
count  %     Move to matching (){}[] or to a given % of file (MOVE) (EXT)
count  &     Repeat the previous ":s//" command here (EDIT)
       ' key Move to a marked line (MOVE)
count  (     Move backward <count> sentences (MOVE)
count  )     Move forward <count> sentences (MOVE)
       *     Go to the next error in the errlist (EXT)
count  +     Move to the front of the next line (MOVE)
count  ,     Repeat the previous [fFtT] but in the other direction (MOVE)
count  -     Move to the front of the preceding line (MOVE)
count  .     Repeat the previous "edit" command
       / textSearch forward for a given regular expression (MOVE)
       0     If not part of count, move to 1st char of this line (MOVE)
       1     Part of count
       2     Part of count
       3     Part of count
       4     Part of count
       5     Part of count
       6     Part of count
       7     Part of count
       8     Part of count
       9     Part of count
       : textRun single EX cmd
count  ;     Repeat the previous [fFtT] cmd (MOVE)
       < mv  Shift text left (EDIT)
       = mv  Reformat
       > mv  Shift text right (EDIT)
       ? textSearch backward for a given regular expression (MOVE)
       @ key Execute the contents of a cut-buffer as VI commands
count  A inp Append at end of the line (EDIT)
count  B     Move back Word (MOVE)
       C inp Change text from the cursor through the end of the line (EDIT)
       D     Delete text from the cursor through the end of the line (EDIT)
count  E     Move end of Word (MOVE)
count  F key Move leftward to a given character (MOVE)
count  G     Move to line #<count> (default is the bottom line) (MOVE)
count  H     Move to home row (the line at the top of the screen)
count  I inp Insert at the front of the line (after indents) (EDIT)
count  J     Join lines, to form one big line (EDIT)
       K     Look up keyword (EXT)
count  L     Move to last row (the line at the bottom of the screen)
       M     Move to middle row
       N     Repeat previous search, but in the opposite direction (MOVE)
count  O inp Open up a new line above the current line (EDIT)
       P     Paste text before the cursor (EDIT)
       Q     Quit to EX mode
       R inp Overtype (EDIT)
count  S inp Change lines, like <count>cc



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2-3                 VISUAL MODE COMMANDS                 2-3


count  T key Move leftward *almost* to a given character (MOVE)
       U     Undo all recent changes to the current line
       V     Start marking lines for c/d/y/</>/!/\ (EXT)
count  W     Move forward <count> Words (MOVE)
count  X     Delete the character(s) to the left of the cursor (EDIT)
count  Y     Yank text line(s) (copy them into a cut buffer)
       Z Z   Save the file & exit
       [ [   Move back 1 section (MOVE)
       \ mv  Pop-up menu for modifying text (EXT)
       ] ]   Move forward 1 section (MOVE)
       ^     Move to the front of the current line (after indent) (MOVE)
count  _     Move to the current line
       ` key Move to a marked character (MOVE)
count  a inp Insert text after the cursor (EDIT)
count  b     Move back <count> words (MOVE)
       c mv  Change text (EDIT)
       d mv  Delete text (EDIT)
count  e     Move forward to the end of the current word (MOVE)
count  f key Move rightward to a given character (MOVE)
       g     ---
count  h     Move left (MOVE)
count  i inp Insert text at the cursor (EDIT)
count  j     Move down (MOVE)
count  k     Move up (MOVE)
count  l     Move right (MOVE)
       m key Mark a line or character
       n     Repeat the previous search (MOVE)
count  o inp Open a new line below the current line (EDIT)
       p     Paste text after the cursor (EDIT)
       q     ---
count  r key Replace <count> chars by a given character (EDIT)
count  s inp Replace <count> chars with text from the user (EDIT)
count  t key Move rightward *almost* to a given character (MOVE)
       u     Undo the previous edit command
       v     Start marking characters for c/d/y/</>/!/\ (EXT)
count  w     Move forward <count> words (MOVE)
count  x     Delete the character that the cursor's on (EDIT)
       y mv  Yank text (copy it into a cut buffer)
       z key Scroll current line to the screen's +=top -=bottom .=middle
count  {     Move back <count> paragraphs (MOVE)
count  |     Move to column <count> (the leftmost column is 1)
count  }     Move forward <count> paragraphs (MOVE)
count  ~     Switch a character between uppercase & lowercase (EDIT)
       DEL   --- (usually mapped to shift-X, so it deletes one character)


countMany commands may be preceded by a count.   This  is  a
     sequence  of digits representing a decimal number.  For
     most commands that use a count, the command is repeated
     <count>  times.  The count is always optional, and usu-
     ally defaults to 1.

key  Some commands require two keystrokes.   The  first  key
     always determines which command is to be executed.  The



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     second key is used as a parameter to the command.

mv   Some commands (! < > c d y \ =) operate on text between
     the  cursor  and  some other position.  There are three
     ways that you can specifify that other position.

     The first way is to follow the command keystroke with a
     movement  command.   For example, "dw" deletes a single
     word.  "d3w" and "3dw" both delete three words.

     The second way is to type the command keystroke  twice.
     This causes whole lines to be acted upon.  For example,
     ">>" indents  the  current  line.   "3>>"  indents  the
     current line and the following two lines.

     The last way is to move the cursor to one  end  of  the
     text, type 'v' or 'V' to start marking, move the cursor
     to the other end, and then  type  the  desired  command
     key.

inp  Many commands allow the  user  to  interactively  enter
     text.   See  the discussion of "input mode" in the fol-
     lowing section.

(EXT)These commands are extensions -- the  real  vi  doesn't
     have them.

(EDIT)These commands affect text, and may be repeated by the
     "." command.

(MOVE)These commands move the cursor, and  may  be  used  to
     specify  the  extent  of  a member of the "mv" class of
     commands.

_2._1.  _I_n_p_u_t _M_o_d_e

     You can't type text into your file directly from visual
command  mode.  Instead, you must first give a command which
will put you into input mode.  The commands to do  this  are
A/C/I/O/R/S/a/i/o/s.

     The S/s/C/c commands temporarily place a $ at  the  end
of the text that they are going to change.

     In input mode, all keystrokes  are  inserted  into  the
text at the cursor's position, except for the following:

        ^A      insert a copy of the last input text
        ^D      delete one indent character
        ^H      (backspace) erase the character before the cursor
        ^L      redraw the screen
        ^M      (carriage return) insert a newline (^J, linefeed)
        ^O      execute next key as a visual command (limited!)
        ^P      insert the contents of the cut buffer



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        ^R      redraw the screen, like ^L
        ^T      insert an indent character
        ^U      backspace to the beginning of the line
        ^V      insert the following keystroke, even if special
        ^W      backspace to the beginning of the current word
        ^Z^Z    write the file & exit Elvis
        ^[      (ESCape) exit from input mode, back to command mode


     Also, on some systems, ^S may stop output, ^Q may  res-
tart  output,  and  ^C  may interupt execution.  ^@ (the NUL
character) cannot be inserted.

     The R visual command puts you in overtype  mode,  which
is  a  slightly  different  form of input mode.  In overtype
mode, each time you insert a character, one of the old char-
acters is deleted from the file.

_2._2.  _A_r_r_o_w _k_e_y_s _i_n _I_n_p_u_t _M_o_d_e

     The arrow keys can be used to move the cursor in  input
mode.   (This  is  an extension; the real Vi doesn't support
arrow keys in input mode.)  The <PgUp>, <PgDn>, <Home>,  and
<End>  keys  work  in  input  mode,  too.   The <Delete> key
deletes a single character in input mode.  The <Insert>  key
toggles between input mode and replace mode.

     The best thing about allowing arrow  keys  to  work  in
input  mode  is  that as long as you're in input mode, Elvis
seems to have a fairly ordinary user interface.   With  most
other  text editors, you are always in either insert mode or
replace mode, and you can use the arrow keys at any time  to
move  the  cursor.   Now,  Elvis can act like that, too.  In
fact, with the new "inputmode"  option  and  the  "control-Z
control-Z"  input  command,  you  may  never have to go into
visual command mode for simple edit sessions.

_2._3.  _D_i_g_r_a_p_h_s

     Elvis supports digraphs as a  way  to  enter  non-ASCII
characters.   A  digraph is a character which is composed of
two other characters.  For example, an  apostrophe  and  the
letter i could be defined as a digraph which is to be stored
& displayed as an accented i.

     There is no single standard for extended ASCII  charac-
ter  sets.   Elvis  can be compiled to fill the digraph with
values appropriate for either the IBM PC character  set,  or
the  LATIN-1  character  set  used by X windows, or neither.
(See the discussions of -DCS_IBMPC and  -DCS_LATIN1  in  the
CFLAGS  section  of  this manual.)  You can view or edit the
digraph table via the ":digraph" colon command.

     Digraphs will not be recognized  until  you've  entered



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":set digraph".

     To actually use a digraph  type  the  first  character,
then  hit  <Backspace>,  and then type the second character.
Elvis will then substitute the non-ASCII character in  their
place.

_2._4.  _A_b_b_r_e_v_i_a_t_i_o_n_s

     Elvis can expand abbreviations for you.  You define  an
abbreviation  with  the :abbr command, and then whenever you
type in the abbreviated form while in input mode, Elvis will
immediately  replace  it with the long form.  COBOL program-
mers should find this useful. :-)

     Elvis doesn't perform the substitution until you type a
non-alphanumeric  character to mark the end of the word.  If
you type a control-V before that non-alphanumeric character,
then Elvis will not perform the substitution.

_2._5.  _A_u_t_o-_I_n_d_e_n_t

     With the ":set autoindent" option turned on, Elvis will
automatically  insert leading whitespace at the beginning of
each new line that you type in.  The leading  whitespace  is
copied from the preceding line.

     To add more leading  whitespace,  type  control-T.   To
remove some whitespace, type control-D.

     If you ":set noautotab", then the whitespace  generated
by  control-T  will  always consist of spaces -- never tabs.
Some people seem to prefer this.

     Elvis' autoindent mode isn't 100% compatible with vi's.
In  Elvis, 0^D and ^^D don't work, ^U can wipeout all inden-
tation, and sometimes Elvis will use a different  amount  of
indentation than vi would.



















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