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1992-12-06
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Vitamin B12
U.S. Recommended Daily Allowances
Infants Children Adults and Pregnant or
(0-12 mo.) (1-3 years) Children 4 Years + Nursing Women
2 micrograms 3 mcg 6 mcg 8 mcg
(The U.S. RDA amounts are sufficient to meet the needs
of practically all healthy people.)
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is a water-soluble vitamin
whose primary sources are animal products; plant foods are
virtually devoid of it.
Functions: Aids in red blood cell development and the
functioning of all cells, particularly those of the bone
marrow, nervous system, and intestines. Also helps
metabolize protein and fat in the body.
Sources: Animal products, including liver and other
organ meats, beef, pork, eggs, milk and milk products, and
fish. Bacteria in the intestinal tract produce some vitamin
[B.sub.12] and thus may serve as another source.
Deficiency: Signs include weakness, sore tongue, and
anemia. It also is linked to some nerve and psychiatric
disorders. However, vitamin [B.sub.12] deficiency is rare,
and more than 95 percent of cases seen in the United States
are related to the body's inability to absorb the vitamin.
Excess: No toxicity has been reported from high
intakes, but no benefits have been reported, either.