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ZWDOS
'zW-HZ' Chinese Text System for IBM PC/Compatibles
Documentations and Software (C) Copyright by
Ya-Gui Wei, 1991, 1992, 1993
All Rights Reserved
Ya-Gui Wei, P.O. Box 2231
Bloomington Indiana 47402
January 27, 1993
* A LITTLE INTRODUCTION
This program displays Chinese text on screen on a very carefree
fashion. After you start the computer, you run it once at the
beginning (you can set up your computer to do this automatically).
Then you can go on doing whatever you want as usual. For example,
you can do word processing or e-mail with your usual softwares.
Whenever any Chinese text appears on screen, such as a Chinese e-mail
you have just received, the program jumps into action and displays
it as Chinese characters.
Painstaking software engineering techniques were employed so that the
program takes the minimal amount of system resources, is fast and
compatible with most application programs. For example, the program
takes only 20+KB of system memory comparing to 200-300KB taken by
most Chinese systems.
The program supports viewing of 'zW' and 'HZ'-encoded Chinese text,
pinyin input and editing with DOS editors, and printing on HP
LaserJet printers, and IBM or Epson compatible 9 pin and 24 pin dot
matrix printers.
* LICENSE STATEMENT
SUMMARY: Version 2.20 of ZWDOS is distributed under the "Shareware"
concept, an arrangement under which the user gets a free trial period
for a piece of software before deciding to pay for it. The length
of the free trial period varies among different categories of users.
Special provisions for full-time student users are described.
This software product (ZWDOS) is protected by the United States copyright
law and international copyright treaties. This license statement grants
you certain privileges to use or distribute this product provided that
the following conditions are strictly observed. This license statement
may be superseded by explicit written license statements from the copyright
holder.
By taking up the free trial offer described below, you are agreeing
to all the conditions described in this licesing statement. If you
find any conditions described herein as unacceptable, the free trial
offer will not be applicable for you and you should stop using this
software immediately.
Distribution of this software is permitted if and only if ALL of the
following conditions are observed: A, all files originally associated
with this package are distributed together without addition, ommision
or modification; B, the distributor does not charge a fee for the
distribution; C, this product is not distributed together with any
product or service that the distributor is selling for a profit.
Individual users who have obtained a copy of this software product
through proper distribution channels are hereby granted a free trial
period of sixty (60) days provided that this software is not used in
a commercial, business, or institutional setting, or in performing a
salary paying job. Users satisfying the above conditions and who are
full-time students are hereby granted a free trial period which will
continue until the day the user ceases to be a full-time student.
All other users are granted a free trial period of exactly one (1) day.
The free trial period shall start at the first moment the user (or
any person employed by the user) receives, downloads, or otherwise
obtains a copy, or part of a copy, of this software product.
After the free-trial period expires, the user may not continue to use
this software until he/she obtains a permanent license from the copyright
holder by paying a registration fee of fifteen U.S. Dollars (US$15).
This software comes with no warranty or guarantee whatsoever. By taking
up the free trial offer and/or paying the registration fee, the user
agrees to indemnify and hold the software author and copyright holder
harmless from and against any claims or liabilities out of the use of
this software product.
Note: The font library (CCLIB.16) provided with the mail distribution
of ZWDOS is in the public domain and is not subject to the conditions
stipulated in this license statement.
* HOW TO REGISTER
The US$15 Registration fee is payable to: Ya-Gui Wei, PO Box 2231,
Bloomington, IN 47402. Payment is accepted in cheques and money
orders only. Checques must be payable through a US or Canadian bank.
Add US$3 S&H if requesting disk with registration. If requesting disk
without registering, send US$5 S&H with promise to register within
60 days or return the product. All S&H fees are not refundable.
* INSTALLATION
After downloading the programs, place all the files in the same directory
(say "\zw"), then add the following lines to your AUTOEXEC.BAT file:
cd \zw
zwvga <== use another program if your system is not VGA.
That's it!
Note that if you have obtained this software via ftp, you must also
download the Chinese character font library (CCLIB.16) seperately.
You may also need to edit the configuration file ZWDOS.CFG to set
up the location of the font file and printer information.
* FILES IN THIS PACKAGE
ZWHERC.COM - program for Hercules monochrome graphic video systems;
ZWEGA.COM - program for systems with Enhanced Graphic Adaptors;
ZWVGA.COM - program for VGA and compatible systems;
[Note: Support for CGA displays has been discontinued.]
ZWDOS.DOC - this document;
ZWDOS.CFG - Configuration file for commonly used command line paramenters.
ZWNOTES.TXT - software notes on imcompatibilities, bugs, etc.
SYMBOL.TBL - List of Guo-Biao symbols.
ASSODIC.DAT - Associative Dictionary, loaded with the /a option.
UPDATExx.TXT - Update notes for version xx.
HZ.TXT - a brief tutorial about the HZ specification
ZAPI.DOC - Programmer's Guide to ZWDOS Application Program Interface
ZAPI.* - Example Programs Using ZWDOS Application Program Interface
CCLIB.16 - Chinese 16x16 simplified character fonts;
[Note: the font file is not part of the ZWDOS package.]
* VIEWING CHINESE TEXT
Viewing is very straight forward. Whenever any Chinese text the
program recognizes appears on screen, the program jumps into action
automatically - without any human intervention - and displays the
text as Chinese characters. You can continue to use your application
programs as usual in the Chinese mode. Once the Chinese text has
scrolled out of the screen, the screen returned to its usual ASCII
mode.
(For users who don't like the automatic switch between Chinese and
ASCII mode, a command line switch has been provided since version
2.1 for you to disable it. If you use this option you will need to
hit some certain key combinations to display the Chinese text.)
The program currently only recognizes 'zW' and 'HZ'-encoded Chinese
text. The 'zW' decoding in the program is the same as proposed by
Edmund Lai and me in October 1989, except that it also recognizes the
space character as escapes for ASCII texts. [The original spec
uses '#' as ASCII escapes making ASCII texts and GB ASCII codes
indistinguishable.] The HZ specification is as proposed by Fung
Fung Lee which was an improvement to 'zW'.
* CHINESE TEXT INPUT
1. Introduction to the 'zW' and 'HZ' specifications.
ZWDOS uses ordinary ASCII characters for coding Chinese characters.
This scheme has the advantage that the resulting Chinese file
can be edited in common ASCII-oriented application programs and
can be safely transmitted through the network. In order to
distinguish those ASCII characters that represents Chinese text from
those that represents English text, the 'zW' and 'HZ' protocols
are used.
[You should turn off the Chinese mode when reading the following
paragraph. The key to do so for ZWDOS is "Alt-}". You can use
"Alt-{" to turn Chinese mode back on later.]
The HZ protocol encloses all Chinese strings between "~{" (a tilde
character followed by the left brace) and "~}" (a tilde followed by
the right brace) strings. The 'zW' protocol specifies all lines
starting with the string "zW" are considered Chinese. It is
suggested that the user sticks to the "HZ" protocol because it is
more versatile.
When using applications not specifically designed to accommodate
the HZ or 'zW' protocols, the user should manually provide the "~{",
"~}", or "zW" strings when entering Chinese text.
This is not a complete description of these protocols. More infor-
mation about the HZ protocol can also be found in the file HZ.TXT.
2. Chinese Input By Pin-Yin.
Chinese text input operates only when the screen is already in
Chinese mode. If it is not, you may type in a '~{' sequence (the
HZ sequence for starting a Chinese string) and wait for the screen
to switch to Chinese mode. If you have loaded ZWDOS in manual
mode, you must press the Alt-{ hot keys to switch the screen
to Chinese mode.
In the Chinese mode, turning the CapsLock status ON allows you to
input Chinese characters using pinyin. [Think of it as ChineseLock.]
The characters in the GuoBiao table are divided into 3 parts and
each part are entered using different methods.
Part 1, total of 3755 characters, consists of the most commonly-used
Chinese characters. Characters in this part are entered using pinyin
as follows:
(1) You type in the pinyin of a single character, without tone
marks. Use Backspace to edit. Esc to escape. [Note: the pinyin for
"female" ~{E.~} is nyu and "green" ~{BL~} is lyu in our convention.]
(2) After typing in the pinyin, you press the Space Bar to display
a list of characters for you to choose. The characters are arranged
in tone order.
You may also type the Enter (Return) key without pressing Space
Bar. If you do this, the character selection step is by-passed,
and the character you last selected for this pinyin or, if you have
not selected one, a pre-selected character is entered. This memory
feature is very useful for speeding up text-entry.
(3) During character selection, you may use the following keys:
Cursor Left - go to previous character
Cursor Right - go to next character
Cursor Up - display previous group of 20 characters
Cursor Down - display next group of 20 characters
Home - go to first of currently displayed characters
End - go to last of currently displayed characters
Numeric Key n - go to the nth character in the group of 10
Ctrl - Left - go to first of group of 5
Ctrl - Right - go to last of group of 5
Enter - select character
Alphabet keys/Backspace - edit pinyin (skip back to stage 1)
Part 2, of 3008 characters, consists of the less commonly-used
Chinese characters. Characters in this part are input using pianpang
(radical) index as follows:
(1) As in pinyin input, except that you only type in "x" for the
pinyin.
(2) Press Space Bar to bring out the list of pianpangs. The
pianpangs are arranged by order of the number of strokes. Select
one using the keys as in pinyin input.
(3) A list of characters belonging to the pianpang -- again
arranged by stroke number order -- is displayed. Select one and
press Enter.
If you press Enter instead of Space at the beginning of step (2),
the previously selected character for "x" is entered.
Part 3 of the Guobiao table consists of symbols. All of the symbols
found on a PC keyboard are entered automatically, some converted to
their Chinese counterparts. The remaining symbols need to be typed in
in their GB codes. (See file SYMBOL.TBL).
A number of techniques were employed so that ZW-DOS can guess which
character you may want to use after you type in a pinyin. You will
find that ZW-DOS's guess score improves considerably after you use
it for a while.
ENTERING HZ CODES: You must supply the opening and closing tilde-
brace sequences (~{, ~}) of the HZ codes explicitly. You should
also try to close each ~ { sequence by a ~ } sequence on the same
line.
* CHINESE TEXT PRINTING
ZWDOS now supports printing on HP LaserJet printers, and IBM or
Epson compatible 9-pin and 24-pin dot matrix printers.
The procedure for printing Chinese text with ZWDOS is no different
from printing ASCII texts. You can do print-screen, print from
applications, copy file to PRN, or use the DOS PRINT command, etc.
(When using DOS PRINT.EXE, it must be loaded after ZWDOS.)
When printing Chinese (zW or HZ) text, the display screen must be
already in Chinese mode.
PRINTING ON LASERJET: When printing on LaserJet, you can print the
Chinese characters at 3 levels of quality: high, medium, or low,
selectable from command line. (High quality printing takes longer
than low quality printing.) You retain full control on the non-Chinese
ASCII texts in the file through printer commands. Additionally, you
can change the spacing of the Chinese characters by varying the
spacing of the ASCII texts: each Chinese character is always as wide
as two ASCII space characters.
PRINTING ON DOT MATRIX PRINTERS: the "print quality" switch has no
effect on dot matrix printers. (24 pin printers always use "medium
quality" fonts and 9 pin printers always use "low quality" fonts.)
You retain full control on the appearance of the ASCII text. On 9 pin
printers, the ASCII text may be printed as double-strike -- this is
normal.
Cursor blinking will be slow during printing.
Printing Chinese Text from WordPerfect. WordPerfect (and other word
processors) adds printer control code to the text being printed. These
invisible codes may have surprising effects. For example, when printing
zW text, printer codes added to the beginning of a line may render the
line to be an invalid zW line (recall that 'zW' must be at the beginning
of a line). For HZ text, if a line of HZ text is ill-formed, such as
not closed with a ~} string, printer codes added to the end of a line
may be mistakenly interpreted as Chinese characters. This is one more
reason that we should follow the HZ standard closely.
See "Printer-related Command Line Switches" for more information.
* HOT KEYS
Hot Key Alt-{:
* switches to Chinese mode (graphic mode) regardless of
screen content;
* reactivates auto-switching after Alt-} has been used;
* refreshes Chinese mode display (except in ZWATT);
* forces ZWDOS to reload the Chinese character fonts if
they have been lost (perhaps as a result of running a
graphic mode program);
* toggles "magnifying glass" on/off for ZWCGA. (The "Mag-
nifying Glass" displays the text on the line where the
cursor is in enlarged fonts for easy reading.)
Hot Key Alt-}:
* switches to ASCII mode (text mode) regardless of screen
content;
* temporarily deactivates auto-switching between Chinese
and ASCII modes. The screen will remain in ASCII mode
until you press Alt-{, which will also reactivate the
auto-switching.
* COMMAND LINE SWITCHES AND THE CONFIGURATION FILE
[Note: command line switches are not case sensitive.]
1. General Switches
/A - load associative dictionary. This dictionary is used to improve
chance that zw-dos picks the next character for you (after you
type in the right pinyin, that is.) On average, zw-dos will
pick the right character more than 80% of the times if you load
this dictionary. Since zw-dos tries to learn your phrase usage
(this is true even without the /A option), so ZW-DOS's score will
improve with longer typing sessions.
ZW-DOS's memory usage will increase by about 50KB if you loaded
the associated dictionary.
/D - load zwdos in ASCII mode
This new switch introduced in version 2.1 is equivalent
to hitting the Alt-} key immediately after loading.
/DEL - Delete ZWDOS from memory. Note: you may not be able to
delete if some other TSRs have been loaded after ZWDOS.
/E - Input status line position.
When inputting Chinese characters, the status line (displaying the
pinyin being typed in and the list of characters to be chosen)
usually appears at the bottom of the screen. When using the /e
switch, however, the status line will appear immediately below
where the cursor is. The idea is that this may reduce eye movement
and make the work easier.
/FN - Font Name. Lets you use font libraries from other packages.
Syntax is: "/FN=[[d:]\path\]filename". The filename specified will
be the font file. (Square brackets "[]" indicate parts that may
be omitted.)
When using external font files, make sure that the font files
are 16 by 16 in dimension and the characters are in GB order.
/FG=#,#,# - Font Gap. Use in conjunction with /FN if neccessary.
GB font libraries typically have a gap between the symbols and the
first zone (Qu1) ~{Gx~} of characters. The first # is the offset
of actual font data in the font file, the second # indicates the
first missing zone, and the third # refers to the last missing
zone. Default is "/FG=0,7,14". (Some font files need "/FG=0,10,14".)
/H, /? - Display a summary of all command line switches.
/M - manual mode
This new switch introduced in version 2.1 loads ZWDOS in 'manual
mode', which inhibits the automatic switching between Chinese and
ASCII screens. All switching, thereafter, must be done manually
using the Alt-{, Alt-} key combinations.
This switch is similar to /D except that pressing Alt-{ will not
re-enable auto-switching.
/R - This switch specifies that font-filling (drawing of characters
of which the fonts are not already in memory) will be by screen
order instead of by library order. This may be desirable for slow
systems, even though this option will actually slow down the
screen drawing by resulting in considerably more disk head
movement.
/S, /U, /W - Use Simplified, Unsimplified, and Wide fonts. Currently
only the simplified font is provided. (Obsolete. See /fn)
/5 - forced Hercules mode. This switch may forced your video system
into Hercules graphic mode if it is not the default mode.
(ZWHERC only.)
2. Printer Related Switches.
/PO=# - Printer POrt. # can be 1 or 2, default is 1.
/PV=#, /PV, /PH - Print Vertical or Horizontal.
/PV=1 or /PV - text is printed in traditional, vertical way.
/PV=0 or /PH - text is printed in modern, horizontal way.
Default is horizontal.
/PT=p_type - Printer Type.
P_type may be one of the following strings:
none - no printer
dm9 - dot matrix 9 pin (IBM or Epson compatible)
eps24 - Epson compatible 24 pin dot matrix
ibm24 - IBM compatible 24 pin dot matrix
lj - laserjet printer (HP LaserJet compatible)
Default is LaserJet.
/PQ=H, /PQ=M, /PQ=L - Print Quality, in High, Medium, or Low.
Currently for LaserJet only. High quality printing takes
longer. Default is /PQ=L.
/PB - Print Blank. Whether the HZ/zW delimiters (~}, zW, etc)
are printed as blank spaces or not printed at all. When /PB=0,
the delimiters are not printed at all. When /PB or /PB=1, the
delimiters are printed as two ASCII spaces. This may be useful
for line-justification purposes. Default is /PB=0.
3. The Configuration file.
Users may create a configuration file ZWDOS.CFG with any text
editors and put commonly-used command line parameters there.
Lines starting with '#' in the configuration file are considered
comments.
Since the configuration file is processed before the actual
command line, you can temperarily override the configuration file
settings through command line switches.
(THE END)