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+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
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|000028b0| 61 73 73 69 67 6e 20 61 | 6e 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |assign a|n addres|
|000028c0| 73 29 20 63 61 6c 6c 73 | 20 7c 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 |s) calls| |connec|
|000028d0| 74 28 29 7c 20 74 6f 20 | 65 73 74 61 62 6c 69 73 |t()| to |establis|
|000028e0| 68 20 61 20 63 6f 6e 6e | 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 |h a conn|ection w|
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|00002900| 74 20 69 73 20 70 6f 73 | 73 69 62 6c 65 2c 20 62 |t is pos|sible, b|
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|00002930| 74 28 29 7c 20 66 6f 72 | 20 64 61 74 61 67 72 61 |t()| for| datagra|
|00002940| 6d 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 | 73 2e 0d 0d 40 20 7c 69 |m socket|s...@ |i|
|00002950| 6e 74 20 62 69 6e 64 28 | 69 6e 74 20 73 2c 20 76 |nt bind(|int s, v|
|00002960| 6f 69 64 20 2a 6e 61 6d | 65 2c 20 69 6e 74 20 6e |oid *nam|e, int n|
|00002970| 61 6d 65 6c 65 6e 29 7c | 20 62 69 6e 64 73 20 61 |amelen)|| binds a|
|00002980| 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 | 74 6f 20 69 74 73 20 61 | socket |to its a|
|00002990| 64 64 72 65 73 73 2e 20 | 54 68 65 0d 66 6f 72 6d |ddress. |The.form|
|000029a0| 61 74 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 |at of th|e addres|
|000029b0| 73 20 69 73 20 64 69 66 | 66 65 72 65 6e 74 20 66 |s is dif|ferent f|
|000029c0| 6f 72 20 65 76 65 72 79 | 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 |or every| socket |
|000029d0| 66 61 6d 69 6c 79 2e 20 | 46 6f 72 20 73 6f 6d 65 |family. |For some|
|000029e0| 20 66 61 6d 69 6c 69 65 | 73 2c 20 79 6f 75 0d 6d | familie|s, you.m|
|000029f0| 61 79 20 61 73 6b 20 74 | 68 65 20 75 73 65 72 20 |ay ask t|he user |
|00002a00| 66 6f 72 20 61 6e 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 20 62 |for an a|ddress b|
|00002a10| 79 20 63 61 6c 6c 69 6e | 67 20 7c 63 68 6f 6f 73 |y callin|g |choos|
|00002a20| 65 28 29 7c 2e 0d 5c 6d | 65 64 73 6b 69 70 0d 45 |e()|..\m|edskip.E|
|00002a30| 72 72 6f 72 20 63 6f 64 | 65 73 3a 0d 5c 6d 65 64 |rror cod|es:.\med|
|00002a40| 73 6b 69 70 5c 70 6c 61 | 69 6e 74 77 6f 63 6f 6c |skip\pla|intwocol|
|00002a50| 7b 0d 7c 45 41 46 4e 4f | 53 55 50 50 4f 52 54 7c |{.|EAFNO|SUPPORT||
|00002a60| 26 7c 6e 61 6d 65 7c 20 | 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 65 |&|name| |specifie|
|00002a70| 73 20 61 6e 20 69 6c 6c | 65 67 61 6c 20 61 64 64 |s an ill|egal add|
|00002a80| 72 65 73 73 20 66 61 6d | 69 6c 79 20 66 6f 72 20 |ress fam|ily for |
|00002a90| 74 68 69 73 20 73 6f 63 | 6b 65 74 2e 5c 63 72 0d |this soc|ket.\cr.|
|00002aa0| 7c 45 41 44 44 52 49 4e | 55 53 45 7c 26 54 68 65 ||EADDRIN|USE|&The|
|00002ab0| 72 65 20 69 73 20 61 6c | 72 65 61 64 79 20 61 6e |re is al|ready an|
|00002ac0| 6f 74 68 65 72 20 73 6f | 63 6b 65 74 20 77 69 74 |other so|cket wit|
|00002ad0| 68 20 74 68 69 73 20 61 | 64 64 72 65 73 73 2e 5c |h this a|ddress.\|
|00002ae0| 63 72 0d 7d 0d 0d 40 20 | 7c 69 6e 74 20 6c 69 73 |cr.}..@ ||int lis|
|00002af0| 74 65 6e 28 69 6e 74 20 | 73 2c 20 69 6e 74 20 71 |ten(int |s, int q|
|00002b00| 6c 65 6e 29 7c 20 74 75 | 72 6e 73 20 61 20 73 6f |len)| tu|rns a so|
|00002b10| 63 6b 65 74 20 69 6e 74 | 6f 20 61 20 6c 69 73 74 |cket int|o a list|
|00002b20| 65 6e 65 72 2e 20 7c 71 | 6c 65 6e 7c 20 64 65 74 |ener. |q|len| det|
|00002b30| 65 72 6d 69 6e 65 73 0d | 68 6f 77 20 6d 61 6e 79 |ermines.|how many|
|00002b40| 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 73 | 20 63 61 6e 20 63 6f 6e | sockets| can con|
|00002b50| 63 75 72 72 65 6e 74 6c | 79 20 77 61 69 74 20 66 |currentl|y wait f|
|00002b60| 6f 72 20 61 20 63 6f 6e | 6e 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 2c |or a con|nection,|
|00002b70| 20 62 75 74 20 69 73 20 | 69 67 6e 6f 72 65 64 20 | but is |ignored |
|00002b80| 66 6f 72 20 61 6c 6d 6f | 73 74 0d 61 6c 6c 20 73 |for almo|st.all s|
|00002b90| 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 66 61 | 6d 69 6c 69 65 73 2e 0d |ocket fa|milies..|
|00002ba0| 0d 40 20 7c 69 6e 74 20 | 61 63 63 65 70 74 28 69 |.@ |int |accept(i|
|00002bb0| 6e 74 20 73 2c 20 76 6f | 69 64 20 2a 61 64 64 72 |nt s, vo|id *addr|
|00002bc0| 2c 20 69 6e 74 20 2a 61 | 64 64 72 6c 65 6e 29 7c |, int *a|ddrlen)||
|00002bd0| 20 61 63 63 65 70 74 73 | 20 61 20 63 6f 6e 6e 65 | accepts| a conne|
|00002be0| 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 66 6f | 72 20 61 20 73 6f 63 6b |ction fo|r a sock|
|00002bf0| 65 74 0d 7b 5c 69 74 20 | 6f 6e 20 61 20 6e 65 77 |et.{\it |on a new|
|00002c00| 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 7d | 20 61 6e 64 20 72 65 74 | socket}| and ret|
|00002c10| 75 72 6e 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 70 |urns the| descrip|
|00002c20| 74 6f 72 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 20 6e 65 77 20 73 |tor of t|he new s|
|00002c30| 6f 63 6b 65 74 2e 20 49 | 66 20 7c 61 64 64 72 7c |ocket. I|f |addr||
|00002c40| 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 0d | 7c 4e 55 4c 4c 7c 2c 20 | is not.||NULL|, |
|00002c50| 74 68 65 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 20 6f 66 20 74 |the addr|ess of t|
|00002c60| 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 6e 65 | 63 74 69 6e 67 20 73 6f |he conne|cting so|
|00002c70| 63 6b 65 74 20 77 69 6c | 6c 20 62 65 20 61 73 73 |cket wil|l be ass|
|00002c80| 69 67 6e 65 64 20 74 6f | 20 69 74 2e 0d 0d 59 6f |igned to| it...Yo|
|00002c90| 75 20 63 61 6e 20 66 69 | 6e 64 20 6f 75 74 20 69 |u can fi|nd out i|
|00002ca0| 66 20 61 20 63 6f 6e 6e | 65 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 |f a conn|ection i|
|00002cb0| 73 20 70 65 6e 64 69 6e | 67 20 62 79 20 63 61 6c |s pendin|g by cal|
|00002cc0| 6c 69 6e 67 20 7c 73 65 | 6c 65 63 74 28 29 7c 20 |ling |se|lect()| |
|00002cd0| 74 6f 20 66 69 6e 64 20 | 6f 75 74 20 69 66 0d 74 |to find |out if.t|
|00002ce0| 68 65 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 | 74 20 69 73 20 72 65 61 |he socke|t is rea|
|00002cf0| 64 79 20 66 6f 72 20 7b | 5c 69 74 20 72 65 61 64 |dy for {|\it read|
|00002d00| 69 6e 67 7d 2e 0d 5c 6d | 65 64 73 6b 69 70 0d 45 |ing}..\m|edskip.E|
|00002d10| 72 72 6f 72 20 63 6f 64 | 65 73 3a 0d 5c 6d 65 64 |rror cod|es:.\med|
|00002d20| 73 6b 69 70 5c 70 6c 61 | 69 6e 74 77 6f 63 6f 6c |skip\pla|intwocol|
|00002d30| 7b 0d 7c 45 4e 4f 54 43 | 4f 4e 4e 7c 26 59 6f 75 |{.|ENOTC|ONN|&You|
|00002d40| 20 64 69 64 20 6e 6f 74 | 20 63 61 6c 6c 20 7c 6c | did not| call |l|
|00002d50| 69 73 74 65 6e 28 29 7c | 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 69 |isten()|| for thi|
|00002d60| 73 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 | 2e 5c 63 72 0d 7c 45 57 |s socket|.\cr.|EW|
|00002d70| 4f 55 4c 44 42 4c 4f 43 | 4b 7c 26 54 68 65 20 73 |OULDBLOC|K|&The s|
|00002d80| 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 69 73 | 20 6e 6f 6e 62 6c 6f 63 |ocket is| nonbloc|
|00002d90| 6b 69 6e 67 20 61 6e 64 | 20 6e 6f 20 73 6f 63 6b |king and| no sock|
|00002da0| 65 74 20 69 73 20 74 72 | 79 69 6e 67 20 74 6f 20 |et is tr|ying to |
|00002db0| 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 2e | 5c 63 72 0d 7d 0d 0d 40 |connect.|\cr.}..@|
|00002dc0| 20 7c 69 6e 74 20 63 6f | 6e 6e 65 63 74 28 69 6e | |int co|nnect(in|
|00002dd0| 74 20 73 2c 20 76 6f 69 | 64 20 2a 61 64 64 72 2c |t s, voi|d *addr,|
|00002de0| 20 69 6e 74 20 61 64 64 | 72 6c 65 6e 29 7c 20 74 | int add|rlen)| t|
|00002df0| 72 69 65 73 20 74 6f 20 | 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 20 |ries to |connect |
|00002e00| 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 73 | 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 77 68 |to the s|ocket wh|
|00002e10| 6f 73 65 0d 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 20 69 73 20 69 |ose.addr|ess is i|
|00002e20| 6e 20 7c 61 64 64 72 7c | 2e 20 49 66 20 74 68 65 |n |addr||. If the|
|00002e30| 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 | 69 73 20 6e 6f 6e 62 6c | socket |is nonbl|
|00002e40| 6f 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 61 | 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 63 |ocking a|nd the c|
|00002e50| 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6f | 6e 20 63 61 6e 6e 6f 74 |onnectio|n cannot|
|00002e60| 20 62 65 0d 6d 61 64 65 | 20 69 6d 6d 65 64 69 61 | be.made| immedia|
|00002e70| 74 65 6c 79 2c 20 7c 63 | 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 28 29 |tely, |c|onnect()|
|00002e80| 7c 20 72 65 74 75 72 6e | 73 20 7c 45 49 4e 50 52 || return|s |EINPR|
|00002e90| 4f 47 52 45 53 53 7c 2e | 20 59 6f 75 20 63 61 6e |OGRESS|.| You can|
|00002ea0| 20 66 69 6e 64 20 6f 75 | 74 20 69 66 20 74 68 65 | find ou|t if the|
|00002eb0| 0d 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 68 61 73 20 |.connect|ion has |
|00002ec0| 62 65 65 6e 20 65 73 74 | 61 62 6c 69 73 68 65 64 |been est|ablished|
|00002ed0| 20 62 79 20 63 61 6c 6c | 69 6e 67 20 7c 73 65 6c | by call|ing |sel|
|00002ee0| 65 63 74 28 29 7c 20 74 | 6f 20 66 69 6e 64 20 6f |ect()| t|o find o|
|00002ef0| 75 74 20 69 66 0d 74 68 | 65 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 |ut if.th|e socket|
|00002f00| 20 69 73 20 72 65 61 64 | 79 20 66 6f 72 20 7b 5c | is read|y for {\|
|00002f10| 69 74 20 77 72 69 74 69 | 6e 67 7d 2e 0d 5c 6d 65 |it writi|ng}..\me|
|00002f20| 64 73 6b 69 70 0d 45 72 | 72 6f 72 20 63 6f 64 65 |dskip.Er|ror code|
|00002f30| 73 3a 0d 5c 6d 65 64 73 | 6b 69 70 5c 70 6c 61 69 |s:.\meds|kip\plai|
|00002f40| 6e 74 77 6f 63 6f 6c 7b | 0d 7c 45 41 46 4e 4f 53 |ntwocol{|.|EAFNOS|
|00002f50| 55 50 50 4f 52 54 7c 26 | 7c 6e 61 6d 65 7c 20 73 |UPPORT|&||name| s|
|00002f60| 70 65 63 69 66 69 65 73 | 20 61 6e 20 69 6c 6c 65 |pecifies| an ille|
|00002f70| 67 61 6c 20 61 64 64 72 | 65 73 73 20 66 61 6d 69 |gal addr|ess fami|
|00002f80| 6c 79 20 66 6f 72 20 74 | 68 69 73 20 73 6f 63 6b |ly for t|his sock|
|00002f90| 65 74 2e 5c 63 72 0d 7c | 45 49 53 43 4f 4e 4e 7c |et.\cr.||EISCONN||
|00002fa0| 26 54 68 65 20 73 6f 63 | 6b 65 74 20 69 73 20 61 |&The soc|ket is a|
|00002fb0| 6c 72 65 61 64 79 20 63 | 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 65 64 |lready c|onnected|
|00002fc0| 2e 5c 63 72 0d 7c 45 41 | 44 44 52 4e 4f 41 56 41 |.\cr.|EA|DDRNOAVA|
|00002fd0| 49 4c 7c 26 54 68 65 72 | 65 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 20 |IL|&Ther|e is no |
|00002fe0| 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 77 | 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 |socket w|ith the |
|00002ff0| 67 69 76 65 6e 20 61 64 | 64 72 65 73 73 2e 5c 63 |given ad|dress.\c|
|00003000| 72 0d 7c 45 43 4f 4e 4e | 52 45 46 55 53 45 44 7c |r.|ECONN|REFUSED||
|00003010| 26 54 68 65 20 73 6f 63 | 6b 65 74 20 72 65 66 75 |&The soc|ket refu|
|00003020| 73 65 64 20 74 68 65 20 | 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 |sed the |connecti|
|00003030| 6f 6e 2e 5c 63 72 0d 7c | 45 49 4e 50 52 4f 47 52 |on.\cr.||EINPROGR|
|00003040| 45 53 53 7c 26 54 68 65 | 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 |ESS|&The| socket |
|00003050| 69 73 20 6e 6f 6e 62 6c | 6f 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 61 |is nonbl|ocking a|
|00003060| 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 63 | 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 69 6f |nd the c|onnectio|
|00003070| 6e 20 69 73 20 62 65 69 | 6e 67 20 65 73 74 61 62 |n is bei|ng estab|
|00003080| 6c 69 73 68 65 64 2e 5c | 63 72 0d 7d 0d 0d 40 2a |lished.\|cr.}..@*|
|00003090| 32 20 54 72 61 6e 73 6d | 69 74 74 69 6e 67 20 64 |2 Transm|itting d|
|000030a0| 61 74 61 20 62 65 74 77 | 65 65 6e 20 73 6f 63 6b |ata betw|een sock|
|000030b0| 65 74 73 2e 20 59 6f 75 | 20 63 61 6e 20 77 72 69 |ets. You| can wri|
|000030c0| 74 65 20 64 61 74 61 20 | 74 6f 20 61 20 73 6f 63 |te data |to a soc|
|000030d0| 6b 65 74 20 75 73 69 6e | 67 20 7c 77 72 69 74 65 |ket usin|g |write|
|000030e0| 28 29 7c 2c 0d 7c 77 72 | 69 74 65 76 28 29 7c 2c |()|,.|wr|itev()|,|
|000030f0| 20 7c 73 65 6e 64 28 29 | 7c 2c 20 7c 73 65 6e 64 | |send()||, |send|
|00003100| 74 6f 28 29 7c 2c 20 6f | 72 20 7c 73 65 6e 64 6d |to()|, o|r |sendm|
|00003110| 73 67 28 29 7c 2e 20 59 | 6f 75 20 63 61 6e 20 72 |sg()|. Y|ou can r|
|00003120| 65 61 64 20 64 61 74 61 | 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 20 |ead data| from a |
|00003130| 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 0d 75 | 73 69 6e 67 20 7c 72 65 |socket.u|sing |re|
|00003140| 61 64 28 29 7c 2c 20 7c | 72 65 61 64 76 28 29 7c |ad()|, ||readv()||
|00003150| 2c 20 7c 72 65 63 76 28 | 29 7c 2c 20 7c 72 65 63 |, |recv(|)|, |rec|
|00003160| 76 66 72 6f 6d 28 29 7c | 2c 20 6f 72 20 7c 72 65 |vfrom()||, or |re|
|00003170| 63 76 6d 73 67 28 29 7c | 2e 0d 0d 40 20 7c 69 6e |cvmsg()||...@ |in|
|00003180| 74 20 72 65 61 64 28 69 | 6e 74 20 73 2c 20 63 68 |t read(i|nt s, ch|
|00003190| 61 72 20 2a 62 75 66 66 | 65 72 2c 20 75 6e 73 69 |ar *buff|er, unsi|
|000031a0| 67 6e 65 64 20 62 75 66 | 6c 65 6e 29 7c 20 72 65 |gned buf|len)| re|
|000031b0| 61 64 73 20 75 70 20 74 | 6f 20 7c 62 75 66 6c 65 |ads up t|o |bufle|
|000031c0| 6e 7c 20 62 79 74 65 73 | 20 66 72 6f 6d 0d 74 68 |n| bytes| from.th|
|000031d0| 65 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 | 2e 20 7c 72 65 61 64 28 |e socket|. |read(|
|000031e0| 29 7c 20 66 6f 72 20 73 | 6f 63 6b 65 74 73 20 64 |)| for s|ockets d|
|000031f0| 69 66 66 65 72 73 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 7c 72 65 61 |iffers f|rom |rea|
|00003200| 64 28 29 7c 20 66 6f 72 | 20 66 69 6c 65 73 20 6d |d()| for| files m|
|00003210| 61 69 6e 6c 79 20 69 6e | 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 74 |ainly in| that it|
|00003220| 0d 6d 61 79 20 72 65 61 | 64 20 66 65 77 65 72 20 |.may rea|d fewer |
|00003230| 74 68 61 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 72 65 71 75 65 73 74 |than the| request|
|00003240| 65 64 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 | 72 20 6f 66 20 62 79 74 |ed numbe|r of byt|
|00003250| 65 73 20 77 69 74 68 6f | 75 74 20 77 61 69 74 69 |es witho|ut waiti|
|00003260| 6e 67 20 66 6f 72 20 74 | 68 65 20 72 65 73 74 20 |ng for t|he rest |
|00003270| 74 6f 0d 61 72 72 69 76 | 65 2e 0d 5c 6d 65 64 73 |to.arriv|e..\meds|
|00003280| 6b 69 70 0d 45 72 72 6f | 72 20 63 6f 64 65 73 3a |kip.Erro|r codes:|
|00003290| 0d 5c 6d 65 64 73 6b 69 | 70 5c 70 6c 61 69 6e 74 |.\medski|p\plaint|
|000032a0| 77 6f 63 6f 6c 7b 0d 7c | 45 57 4f 55 4c 44 42 4c |wocol{.||EWOULDBL|
|000032b0| 4f 43 4b 7c 26 54 68 65 | 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 |OCK|&The| socket |
|000032c0| 69 73 20 6e 6f 6e 62 6c | 6f 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 61 |is nonbl|ocking a|
|000032d0| 6e 64 20 74 68 65 72 65 | 20 69 73 20 6e 6f 20 64 |nd there| is no d|
|000032e0| 61 74 61 20 69 6d 6d 65 | 64 69 61 74 65 6c 79 20 |ata imme|diately |
|000032f0| 61 76 61 69 6c 61 62 6c | 65 2e 5c 63 72 0d 7d 0d |availabl|e.\cr.}.|
|00003300| 0d 40 20 7c 69 6e 74 20 | 72 65 61 64 76 28 69 6e |.@ |int |readv(in|
|00003310| 74 20 73 2c 20 73 74 72 | 75 63 74 20 69 6f 76 65 |t s, str|uct iove|
|00003320| 63 20 2a 69 6f 76 2c 20 | 69 6e 74 20 63 6f 75 6e |c *iov, |int coun|
|00003330| 74 29 7c 20 70 65 72 66 | 6f 72 6d 73 20 74 68 65 |t)| perf|orms the|
|00003340| 20 73 61 6d 65 0d 61 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 62 75 | same.ac|tion, bu|
|00003350| 74 20 73 63 61 74 74 65 | 72 73 20 74 68 65 20 69 |t scatte|rs the i|
|00003360| 6e 70 75 74 20 64 61 74 | 61 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 74 |nput dat|a into t|
|00003370| 68 65 20 7c 63 6f 75 6e | 74 7c 20 62 75 66 66 65 |he |coun|t| buffe|
|00003380| 72 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 7c 69 6f 76 7c ca |rs of th|e |iov|.|
|00003390| 61 72 72 61 79 2c 20 61 | 6c 77 61 79 73 0d 66 69 |array, a|lways.fi|
|000033a0| 6c 6c 69 6e 67 20 6f 6e | 65 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 |lling on|e buffer|
|000033b0| 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c 65 74 | 65 6c 79 20 62 65 66 6f | complet|ely befo|
|000033c0| 72 65 20 70 72 6f 63 65 | 65 64 69 6e 67 20 74 6f |re proce|eding to|
|000033d0| 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 78 | 74 2e 20 7c 69 6f 76 65 | the nex|t. |iove|
|000033e0| 63 7c 20 69 73 20 64 65 | 66 69 6e 65 64 20 61 73 |c| is de|fined as|
|000033f0| 0d 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 73 | 3a 0d 40 75 0d 73 74 72 |.follows|:.@u.str|
|00003400| 75 63 74 20 69 6f 76 65 | 63 20 7b 0d 09 63 61 64 |uct iove|c {..cad|
|00003410| 64 72 5f 74 09 69 6f 76 | 5f 62 61 73 65 3b 09 2f |dr_t.iov|_base;./|
|00003420| 2a 20 41 64 64 72 65 73 | 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 69 |* Addres|s of thi|
|00003430| 73 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 | 20 2a 2f 0d 09 69 6e 74 |s buffer| */..int|
|00003440| 09 69 6f 76 5f 6c 65 6e | 3b 09 09 09 2f 2a 20 4c |.iov_len|;.../* L|
|00003450| 65 6e 67 74 68 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 62 75 66 |ength of| the buf|
|00003460| 66 65 72 20 2a 2f 0d 7d | 3b 0d 0d 40 20 7c 69 6e |fer */.}|;..@ |in|
|00003470| 74 20 72 65 63 76 28 69 | 6e 74 20 73 2c 20 76 6f |t recv(i|nt s, vo|
|00003480| 69 64 20 2a 62 75 66 66 | 65 72 2c 20 69 6e 74 20 |id *buff|er, int |
|00003490| 62 75 66 6c 65 6e 2c 20 | 69 6e 74 20 66 6c 61 67 |buflen, |int flag|
|000034a0| 73 29 7c 20 69 73 20 69 | 64 65 6e 74 69 63 61 6c |s)| is i|dentical|
|000034b0| 20 74 6f 20 7c 72 65 61 | 64 28 29 7c 2c 0d 65 78 | to |rea|d()|,.ex|
|000034c0| 63 65 70 74 20 66 6f 72 | 20 74 68 65 20 7c 66 6c |cept for| the |fl|
|000034d0| 61 67 73 7c 20 70 61 72 | 61 6d 65 74 65 72 2e 20 |ags| par|ameter. |
|000034e0| 49 66 20 74 68 65 20 7c | 4d 53 47 5f 4f 4f 42 7c |If the ||MSG_OOB||
|000034f0| 20 66 6c 61 67 20 69 73 | 20 73 65 74 20 66 6f 72 | flag is| set for|
|00003500| 20 61 20 73 74 72 65 61 | 6d 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 | a strea|m socket|
|00003510| 0d 74 68 61 74 20 73 75 | 70 70 6f 72 74 73 20 6f |.that su|pports o|
|00003520| 75 74 2d 6f 66 2d 62 61 | 6e 64 20 64 61 74 61 2c |ut-of-ba|nd data,|
|00003530| 20 7c 72 65 63 76 28 29 | 7c 20 72 65 61 64 73 20 | |recv()|| reads |
|00003540| 6f 75 74 2d 6f 66 2d 62 | 61 6e 64 20 64 61 74 61 |out-of-b|and data|
|00003550| 2e 0d 0d 40 20 7c 69 6e | 74 20 72 65 63 76 66 72 |...@ |in|t recvfr|
|00003560| 6f 6d 28 69 6e 74 20 73 | 2c 20 76 6f 69 64 20 2a |om(int s|, void *|
|00003570| 62 75 66 66 65 72 2c 20 | 69 6e 74 20 62 75 66 6c |buffer, |int bufl|
|00003580| 65 6e 2c 20 69 6e 74 20 | 66 6c 61 67 73 2c 20 76 |en, int |flags, v|
|00003590| 6f 69 64 20 2a 66 72 6f | 6d 2c 20 69 6e 74 20 2a |oid *fro|m, int *|
|000035a0| 66 72 6f 6d 6c 65 6e 29 | 7c 0d 69 73 20 74 68 65 |fromlen)||.is the|
|000035b0| 20 65 71 75 69 76 61 6c | 65 6e 74 20 6f 66 20 7c | equival|ent of ||
|000035c0| 72 65 63 76 28 29 7c 20 | 66 6f 72 20 75 6e 63 6f |recv()| |for unco|
|000035d0| 6e 6e 65 63 74 65 64 20 | 64 61 74 61 67 72 61 6d |nnected |datagram|
|000035e0| 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 73 | 2e 20 49 66 20 7c 66 72 | sockets|. If |fr|
|000035f0| 6f 6d 7c 20 69 73 20 6e | 6f 74 0d 7c 4e 55 4c 4c |om| is n|ot.|NULL|
|00003600| 7c 2c 20 69 74 20 77 69 | 6c 6c 20 62 65 20 73 65 ||, it wi|ll be se|
|00003610| 74 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 | 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 |t to the| address|
|00003620| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | 73 65 6e 64 65 72 20 6f | of the |sender o|
|00003630| 66 20 74 68 65 20 6d 65 | 73 73 61 67 65 2e 0d 0d |f the me|ssage...|
|00003640| 40 20 7c 69 6e 74 20 72 | 65 63 76 6d 73 67 28 69 |@ |int r|ecvmsg(i|
|00003650| 6e 74 20 73 2c 20 73 74 | 72 75 63 74 20 6d 73 67 |nt s, st|ruct msg|
|00003660| 68 64 72 20 2a 6d 73 67 | 2c 20 69 6e 74 20 66 6c |hdr *msg|, int fl|
|00003670| 61 67 73 29 7c 20 69 73 | 20 74 68 65 20 6d 6f 73 |ags)| is| the mos|
|00003680| 74 20 67 65 6e 65 72 61 | 6c 20 72 6f 75 74 69 6e |t genera|l routin|
|00003690| 65 2c 0d 63 6f 6d 62 69 | 6e 69 6e 67 20 74 68 65 |e,.combi|ning the|
|000036a0| 20 70 6f 73 73 69 62 69 | 6c 69 74 69 65 73 20 6f | possibi|lities o|
|000036b0| 66 20 7c 72 65 61 64 76 | 28 29 7c 20 61 6e 64 20 |f |readv|()| and |
|000036c0| 7c 72 65 63 76 66 72 6f | 6d 28 29 7c 2e 20 7c 6d ||recvfro|m()|. |m|
|000036d0| 73 67 68 64 72 7c 20 69 | 73 20 64 65 66 69 6e 65 |sghdr| i|s define|
|000036e0| 64 20 61 73 0d 66 6f 6c | 6c 6f 77 73 3a 0d 40 75 |d as.fol|lows:.@u|
|000036f0| 0d 73 74 72 75 63 74 20 | 6d 73 67 68 64 72 20 7b |.struct |msghdr {|
|00003700| 0d 09 63 61 64 64 72 5f | 74 09 6d 73 67 5f 6e 61 |..caddr_|t.msg_na|
|00003710| 6d 65 3b 09 09 09 09 2f | 2a 20 4c 69 6b 65 20 7c |me;..../|* Like ||
|00003720| 66 72 6f 6d 7c 20 69 6e | 20 7c 72 65 63 76 66 72 |from| in| |recvfr|
|00003730| 6f 6d 28 29 7c 20 2a 2f | 0d 09 69 6e 74 09 09 6d |om()| */|..int..m|
|00003740| 73 67 5f 6e 61 6d 65 6c | 65 6e 3b 09 09 09 2f 2a |sg_namel|en;.../*|
|00003750| 20 4c 69 6b 65 20 7c 66 | 72 6f 6d 6c 65 6e 7c 20 | Like |f|romlen| |
|00003760| 69 6e 20 7c 72 65 63 76 | 66 72 6f 6d 28 29 7c 20 |in |recv|from()| |
|00003770| 2a 2f 0d 09 73 74 72 75 | 63 74 09 69 6f 76 65 63 |*/..stru|ct.iovec|
|00003780| 20 2a 6d 73 67 5f 69 6f | 76 3b 09 09 2f 2a 20 53 | *msg_io|v;../* S|
|00003790| 63 61 74 74 65 72 2f 67 | 61 74 68 65 72 20 61 72 |catter/g|ather ar|
|000037a0| 72 61 79 20 2a 2f 0d 09 | 69 6e 74 09 09 6d 73 67 |ray */..|int..msg|
|000037b0| 5f 69 6f 76 6c 65 6e 3b | 09 09 09 09 2f 2a 20 4e |_iovlen;|..../* N|
|000037c0| 75 6d 62 65 72 20 6f 66 | 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 |umber of| element|
|000037d0| 73 20 69 6e 20 7c 6d 73 | 67 5f 69 6f 76 7c 20 2a |s in |ms|g_iov| *|
|000037e0| 2f 0d 09 63 61 64 64 72 | 5f 74 09 6d 73 67 5f 61 |/..caddr|_t.msg_a|
|000037f0| 63 63 72 69 67 68 74 73 | 3b 09 09 09 2f 2a 20 41 |ccrights|;.../* A|
|00003800| 63 63 65 73 73 20 72 69 | 67 68 74 73 20 73 65 6e |ccess ri|ghts sen|
|00003810| 74 2f 72 65 63 65 69 76 | 65 64 2e 20 4e 6f 74 20 |t/receiv|ed. Not |
|00003820| 75 73 65 64 20 69 6e 20 | 5c 2e 7b 47 55 53 49 7d |used in |\.{GUSI}|
|00003830| 2a 2f 0d 09 69 6e 74 09 | 09 6d 73 67 5f 61 63 63 |*/..int.|.msg_acc|
|00003840| 72 69 67 68 74 73 6c 65 | 6e 3b 0d 7d 3b 0d 0d 40 |rightsle|n;.};..@|
|00003850| 20 7c 69 6e 74 20 77 72 | 69 74 65 28 69 6e 74 20 | |int wr|ite(int |
|00003860| 73 2c 20 63 68 61 72 20 | 2a 62 75 66 66 65 72 2c |s, char |*buffer,|
|00003870| 20 75 6e 73 69 67 6e 65 | 64 20 62 75 66 6c 65 6e | unsigne|d buflen|
|00003880| 29 7c 20 77 72 69 74 65 | 73 20 75 70 20 74 6f 20 |)| write|s up to |
|00003890| 7c 62 75 66 6c 65 6e 7c | 20 62 79 74 65 73 20 74 ||buflen|| bytes t|
|000038a0| 6f 0d 74 68 65 20 73 6f | 63 6b 65 74 2e 20 41 73 |o.the so|cket. As|
|000038b0| 20 6f 70 70 6f 73 65 64 | 20 74 6f 20 7c 72 65 61 | opposed| to |rea|
|000038c0| 64 28 29 7c 2c 20 7c 77 | 72 69 74 65 28 29 7c 20 |d()|, |w|rite()| |
|000038d0| 66 6f 72 20 6e 6f 6e 62 | 6c 6f 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 |for nonb|locking |
|000038e0| 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 73 20 | 61 6c 77 61 79 73 20 62 |sockets |always b|
|000038f0| 6c 6f 63 6b 73 0d 75 6e | 74 69 6c 20 61 6c 6c 20 |locks.un|til all |
|00003900| 62 79 74 65 73 20 61 72 | 65 20 77 72 69 74 74 65 |bytes ar|e writte|
|00003910| 6e 20 6f 72 20 61 6e 20 | 65 72 72 6f 72 20 6f 63 |n or an |error oc|
|00003920| 63 75 72 73 2e 0d 0d 5c | 6d 65 64 73 6b 69 70 0d |curs...\|medskip.|
|00003930| 45 72 72 6f 72 20 63 6f | 64 65 73 3a 0d 5c 6d 65 |Error co|des:.\me|
|00003940| 64 73 6b 69 70 5c 70 6c | 61 69 6e 74 77 6f 63 6f |dskip\pl|aintwoco|
|00003950| 6c 7b 0d 7c 45 57 4f 55 | 4c 44 42 4c 4f 43 4b 7c |l{.|EWOU|LDBLOCK||
|00003960| 26 54 68 65 20 73 6f 63 | 6b 65 74 20 69 73 20 6e |&The soc|ket is n|
|00003970| 6f 6e 62 6c 6f 63 6b 69 | 6e 67 20 61 6e 64 20 64 |onblocki|ng and d|
|00003980| 61 74 61 20 63 61 6e 27 | 74 20 62 65 20 69 6d 6d |ata can'|t be imm|
|00003990| 65 64 69 61 74 65 6c 79 | 20 77 72 69 74 74 65 6e |ediately| written|
|000039a0| 2e 5c 63 72 0d 7d 0d 0d | 40 20 7c 69 6e 74 20 77 |.\cr.}..|@ |int w|
|000039b0| 72 69 74 65 76 28 69 6e | 74 20 73 2c 20 73 74 72 |ritev(in|t s, str|
|000039c0| 75 63 74 20 69 6f 76 65 | 63 20 2a 69 6f 76 2c 20 |uct iove|c *iov, |
|000039d0| 69 6e 74 20 63 6f 75 6e | 74 29 7c 20 70 65 72 66 |int coun|t)| perf|
|000039e0| 6f 72 6d 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 61 6d 65 0d 61 63 |orms the| same.ac|
|000039f0| 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 62 75 | 74 20 67 61 74 68 65 72 |tion, bu|t gather|
|00003a00| 73 20 74 68 65 20 6f 75 | 74 70 75 74 20 64 61 74 |s the ou|tput dat|
|00003a10| 61 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 | 68 65 20 7c 63 6f 75 6e |a from t|he |coun|
|00003a20| 74 7c 20 62 75 66 66 65 | 72 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 |t| buffe|rs of th|
|00003a30| 65 20 7c 69 6f 76 7c ca | 61 72 72 61 79 2c 20 61 |e |iov|.|array, a|
|00003a40| 6c 77 61 79 73 0d 73 65 | 6e 64 69 6e 67 20 6f 6e |lways.se|nding on|
|00003a50| 65 20 62 75 66 66 65 72 | 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c 65 74 |e buffer| complet|
|00003a60| 65 6c 79 20 62 65 66 6f | 72 65 20 70 72 6f 63 65 |ely befo|re proce|
|00003a70| 65 64 69 6e 67 20 74 6f | 20 74 68 65 20 6e 65 78 |eding to| the nex|
|00003a80| 74 2e 0d 0d 40 20 7c 69 | 6e 74 20 73 65 6e 64 28 |t...@ |i|nt send(|
|00003a90| 69 6e 74 20 73 2c 20 76 | 6f 69 64 20 2a 62 75 66 |int s, v|oid *buf|
|00003aa0| 66 65 72 2c 20 69 6e 74 | 20 62 75 66 6c 65 6e 2c |fer, int| buflen,|
|00003ab0| 20 69 6e 74 20 66 6c 61 | 67 73 29 7c 20 69 73 20 | int fla|gs)| is |
|00003ac0| 69 64 65 6e 74 69 63 61 | 6c 20 74 6f 20 7c 77 72 |identica|l to |wr|
|00003ad0| 69 74 65 28 29 7c 2c 0d | 65 78 63 65 70 74 20 66 |ite()|,.|except f|
|00003ae0| 6f 72 20 74 68 65 20 7c | 66 6c 61 67 73 7c 20 70 |or the ||flags| p|
|00003af0| 61 72 61 6d 65 74 65 72 | 2e 20 49 66 20 74 68 65 |arameter|. If the|
|00003b00| 20 7c 4d 53 47 5f 4f 4f | 42 7c 20 66 6c 61 67 20 | |MSG_OO|B| flag |
|00003b10| 69 73 20 73 65 74 20 66 | 6f 72 20 61 20 73 74 72 |is set f|or a str|
|00003b20| 65 61 6d 20 73 6f 63 6b | 65 74 0d 74 68 61 74 20 |eam sock|et.that |
|00003b30| 73 75 70 70 6f 72 74 73 | 20 6f 75 74 2d 6f 66 2d |supports| out-of-|
|00003b40| 62 61 6e 64 20 64 61 74 | 61 2c 20 7c 73 65 6e 64 |band dat|a, |send|
|00003b50| 28 29 7c 20 73 65 6e 64 | 73 20 61 6e 20 6f 75 74 |()| send|s an out|
|00003b60| 2d 6f 66 2d 62 61 6e 64 | 20 6d 65 73 73 61 67 65 |-of-band| message|
|00003b70| 2e 0d 0d 40 20 7c 69 6e | 74 20 73 65 6e 64 74 6f |...@ |in|t sendto|
|00003b80| 28 69 6e 74 20 73 2c 20 | 76 6f 69 64 20 2a 62 75 |(int s, |void *bu|
|00003b90| 66 66 65 72 2c 20 69 6e | 74 20 62 75 66 6c 65 6e |ffer, in|t buflen|
|00003ba0| 2c 20 69 6e 74 20 66 6c | 61 67 73 2c 20 76 6f 69 |, int fl|ags, voi|
|00003bb0| 64 20 2a 74 6f 2c 20 69 | 6e 74 20 2a 74 6f 6c 65 |d *to, i|nt *tole|
|00003bc0| 6e 29 7c 0d 69 73 20 74 | 68 65 20 65 71 75 69 76 |n)|.is t|he equiv|
|00003bd0| 61 6c 65 6e 74 20 6f 66 | 20 7c 73 65 6e 64 28 29 |alent of| |send()|
|00003be0| 7c 20 66 6f 72 20 75 6e | 63 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 65 || for un|connecte|
|00003bf0| 64 20 64 61 74 61 67 72 | 61 6d 20 73 6f 63 6b 65 |d datagr|am socke|
|00003c00| 74 73 2e 20 54 68 65 20 | 6d 65 73 73 61 67 65 20 |ts. The |message |
|00003c10| 77 69 6c 6c 0d 62 65 20 | 73 65 6e 74 20 74 6f 20 |will.be |sent to |
|00003c20| 74 68 65 20 73 6f 63 6b | 65 74 20 77 68 6f 73 65 |the sock|et whose|
|00003c30| 20 61 64 64 72 65 73 73 | 20 69 73 20 67 69 76 65 | address| is give|
|00003c40| 6e 20 69 6e 20 7c 74 6f | 7c 2e 0d 0d 40 20 7c 69 |n in |to||...@ |i|
|00003c50| 6e 74 20 73 65 6e 64 6d | 73 67 28 69 6e 74 20 73 |nt sendm|sg(int s|
|00003c60| 2c 20 73 74 72 75 63 74 | 20 6d 73 67 68 64 72 20 |, struct| msghdr |
|00003c70| 2a 6d 73 67 2c 20 69 6e | 74 20 66 6c 61 67 73 29 |*msg, in|t flags)|
|00003c80| 7c 20 63 6f 6d 62 69 6e | 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 70 || combin|es the p|
|00003c90| 6f 73 73 69 62 69 6c 69 | 74 69 65 73 0d 6f 66 20 |ossibili|ties.of |
|00003ca0| 7c 77 72 69 74 65 76 28 | 29 7c 20 61 6e 64 20 7c ||writev(|)| and ||
|00003cb0| 73 65 6e 64 74 6f 28 29 | 7c 2e 0d 0d 40 2a 32 20 |sendto()||...@*2 |
|00003cc0| 49 2f 4f 20 6d 75 6c 74 | 69 70 6c 65 78 69 6e 67 |I/O mult|iplexing|
|00003cd0| 2e 0d 0d 40 20 7c 69 6e | 74 20 73 65 6c 65 63 74 |...@ |in|t select|
|00003ce0| 28 69 6e 74 20 77 69 64 | 74 68 2c 20 66 64 5f 73 |(int wid|th, fd_s|
|00003cf0| 65 74 20 2a 72 65 61 64 | 66 64 73 2c 20 66 64 5f |et *read|fds, fd_|
|00003d00| 73 65 74 20 2a 77 72 69 | 74 65 66 64 73 2c 0d 66 |set *wri|tefds,.f|
|00003d10| 64 5f 73 65 74 20 2a 65 | 78 63 65 70 74 66 64 73 |d_set *e|xceptfds|
|00003d20| 2c 20 73 74 72 75 63 74 | 20 74 69 6d 65 76 61 6c |, struct| timeval|
|00003d30| 20 2a 74 69 6d 65 6f 75 | 74 29 7c 20 65 78 61 6d | *timeou|t)| exam|
|00003d40| 69 6e 65 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 49 2f 4f 20 64 65 73 |ines the| I/O des|
|00003d50| 63 72 69 70 74 6f 72 73 | 20 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 |criptors| specifi|
|00003d60| 65 64 0d 62 79 20 74 68 | 65 20 62 69 74 20 6d 61 |ed.by th|e bit ma|
|00003d70| 73 6b 73 20 7c 72 65 61 | 64 66 73 7c 2c 20 7c 77 |sks |rea|dfs|, |w|
|00003d80| 72 69 74 65 66 73 7c 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 7c 65 78 |ritefs|,| and |ex|
|00003d90| 63 65 70 74 66 73 7c 20 | 74 6f 20 73 65 65 20 69 |ceptfs| |to see i|
|00003da0| 66 20 74 68 65 79 20 61 | 72 65 20 72 65 61 64 79 |f they a|re ready|
|00003db0| 20 66 6f 72 0d 72 65 61 | 64 69 6e 67 2c 20 77 72 | for.rea|ding, wr|
|00003dc0| 69 74 69 6e 67 2c 20 6f | 72 20 68 61 76 65 20 61 |iting, o|r have a|
|00003dd0| 6e 20 65 78 63 65 70 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 70 65 6e 64 |n except|ion pend|
|00003de0| 69 6e 67 2e 20 7c 77 69 | 64 74 68 7c 20 69 73 20 |ing. |wi|dth| is |
|00003df0| 74 68 65 20 6e 75 6d 62 | 65 72 20 6f 66 20 73 69 |the numb|er of si|
|00003e00| 67 6e 69 66 69 63 61 6e | 74 0d 62 69 74 73 20 69 |gnifican|t.bits i|
|00003e10| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 62 69 | 74 20 6d 61 73 6b 2e 20 |n the bi|t mask. |
|00003e20| 7c 73 65 6c 65 63 74 28 | 29 7c 20 72 65 70 6c 61 ||select(|)| repla|
|00003e30| 63 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 | 62 69 74 20 6d 61 73 6b |ces the |bit mask|
|00003e40| 73 20 77 69 74 68 20 6d | 61 73 6b 73 20 6f 66 20 |s with m|asks of |
|00003e50| 74 68 6f 73 65 20 64 65 | 73 63 72 69 70 74 6f 72 |those de|scriptor|
|00003e60| 73 0d 77 68 69 63 68 20 | 61 72 65 20 72 65 61 64 |s.which |are read|
|00003e70| 79 20 61 6e 64 20 72 65 | 74 75 72 6e 73 20 74 68 |y and re|turns th|
|00003e80| 65 20 74 6f 74 61 6c 20 | 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 6f |e total |number o|
|00003e90| 66 20 72 65 61 64 79 20 | 64 65 73 63 72 69 70 74 |f ready |descript|
|00003ea0| 6f 72 73 2e 20 7c 74 69 | 6d 65 6f 75 74 7c 2c 20 |ors. |ti|meout|, |
|00003eb0| 69 66 0d 6e 6f 74 20 7c | 4e 55 4c 4c 7c 2c 20 73 |if.not ||NULL|, s|
|00003ec0| 70 65 63 69 66 69 65 73 | 20 74 68 65 20 6d 61 78 |pecifies| the max|
|00003ed0| 69 6d 75 6d 20 74 69 6d | 65 20 74 6f 20 77 61 69 |imum tim|e to wai|
|00003ee0| 74 20 66 6f 72 20 61 20 | 64 65 73 63 72 69 70 74 |t for a |descript|
|00003ef0| 6f 72 20 74 6f 20 62 65 | 63 6f 6d 65 20 72 65 61 |or to be|come rea|
|00003f00| 64 79 2e 20 49 66 0d 7c | 74 69 6d 65 6f 75 74 7c |dy. If.||timeout||
|00003f10| 20 69 73 20 7c 4e 55 4c | 4c 7c 2c 20 7c 73 65 6c | is |NUL|L|, |sel|
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|00003f50| 70 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 20 | 74 6f 0d 61 20 7a 65 72 |pointer |to.a zer|
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|00003fa0| 20 7c 65 78 63 65 70 74 | 66 64 73 7c 0d 6d 61 79 | |except|fds|.may|
|00003fb0| 20 62 65 20 67 69 76 65 | 6e 20 61 73 20 7c 4e 55 | be give|n as |NU|
|00003fc0| 4c 4c 7c 20 69 66 20 6e | 6f 20 64 65 73 63 72 69 |LL| if n|o descri|
|00003fd0| 70 74 6f 72 73 20 61 72 | 65 20 6f 66 20 69 6e 74 |ptors ar|e of int|
|00003fe0| 65 72 65 73 74 2e 0d 5c | 6d 65 64 73 6b 69 70 0d |erest..\|medskip.|
|00003ff0| 45 72 72 6f 72 20 63 6f | 64 65 73 3a 0d 5c 6d 65 |Error co|des:.\me|
|00004000| 64 73 6b 69 70 5c 70 6c | 61 69 6e 74 77 6f 63 6f |dskip\pl|aintwoco|
|00004010| 6c 7b 0d 7c 45 42 41 44 | 46 7c 26 4f 6e 65 20 6f |l{.|EBAD|F|&One o|
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|00004030| 73 70 65 63 69 66 69 65 | 64 20 61 6e 20 69 6e 76 |specifie|d an inv|
|00004040| 61 6c 69 64 20 64 65 73 | 63 72 69 70 74 6f 72 2e |alid des|criptor.|
|00004050| 5c 63 72 0d 7d 0d 0d 40 | 20 54 68 65 20 64 65 73 |\cr.}..@| The des|
|00004060| 63 72 69 70 74 6f 72 20 | 62 69 74 20 6d 61 73 6b |criptor |bit mask|
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|000040b0| 3b 09 09 2f 2a 20 43 6c | 65 61 72 20 61 6c 6c 20 |;../* Cl|ear all |
|000040c0| 62 69 74 73 20 69 6e 20 | 7c 2a 66 64 73 7c 20 2a |bits in ||*fds| *|
|000040d0| 2f 0d 46 44 5f 53 45 54 | 28 6e 2c 20 66 64 73 29 |/.FD_SET|(n, fds)|
|000040e0| 3b 09 2f 2a 20 53 65 74 | 20 62 69 74 20 7c 6e 7c |;./* Set| bit |n||
|000040f0| 20 69 6e 20 7c 2a 66 64 | 73 7c 20 2a 2f 0d 46 44 | in |*fd|s| */.FD|
|00004100| 5f 43 4c 52 28 6e 2c 20 | 66 64 73 29 3b 09 2f 2a |_CLR(n, |fds);./*|
|00004110| 20 43 6c 65 61 72 20 62 | 69 74 20 7c 6e 7c 20 69 | Clear b|it |n| i|
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|00004130| 53 53 45 54 28 6e 2c 20 | 66 64 73 29 3b 09 2f 2a |SSET(n, |fds);./*|
|00004140| 20 52 65 74 75 72 6e 20 | 7c 31 7c 20 69 66 20 62 | Return ||1| if b|
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|00004160| 20 69 73 20 73 65 74 2c | 20 65 6c 73 65 20 7c 30 | is set,| else |0|
|00004170| 7c 20 2a 2f 0d 0d 40 2a | 32 20 47 65 74 74 69 6e || */..@*|2 Gettin|
|00004180| 67 20 61 6e 64 20 63 68 | 61 6e 67 69 6e 67 20 70 |g and ch|anging p|
|00004190| 72 6f 70 65 72 74 69 65 | 73 20 6f 66 20 73 6f 63 |ropertie|s of soc|
|000041a0| 6b 65 74 73 2e 20 59 6f | 75 20 63 61 6e 20 6f 62 |kets. Yo|u can ob|
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|00004210| 65 74 70 65 65 72 6e 61 | 6d 65 28 29 7c 20 72 65 |etpeerna|me()| re|
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|00004240| 6e 69 70 75 6c 61 74 65 | 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 70 |nipulate| other p|
|00004250| 72 6f 70 65 72 74 69 65 | 73 20 6f 66 20 61 0d 73 |ropertie|s of a.s|
|00004260| 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 62 79 | 20 63 61 6c 6c 69 6e 67 |ocket by| calling|
|00004270| 20 7c 69 6f 63 74 6c 28 | 29 7c 2c 20 7c 66 63 6e | |ioctl(|)|, |fcn|
|00004280| 74 6c 28 29 7c 2c 20 7c | 67 65 74 73 6f 63 6b 6f |tl()|, ||getsocko|
|00004290| 70 74 28 29 7c 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 7c 73 65 74 73 |pt()|, a|nd |sets|
|000042a0| 6f 63 6b 6f 70 74 28 29 | 7c 2e 20 59 6f 75 0d 63 |ockopt()||. You.c|
|000042b0| 61 6e 20 63 72 65 61 74 | 65 20 61 64 64 69 74 69 |an creat|e additi|
|000042c0| 6f 6e 61 6c 20 64 65 73 | 63 72 69 70 74 6f 72 73 |onal des|criptors|
|000042d0| 20 66 6f 72 20 61 20 73 | 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 62 79 | for a s|ocket by|
|000042e0| 20 63 61 6c 6c 69 6e 67 | 20 7c 64 75 70 28 29 7c | calling| |dup()||
|000042f0| 20 6f 72 20 7c 64 75 70 | 32 28 29 7c 2e 0d 0d 40 | or |dup|2()|...@|
|00004300| 20 7c 69 6e 74 20 67 65 | 74 73 6f 63 6b 6e 61 6d | |int ge|tsocknam|
|00004310| 65 28 69 6e 74 20 73 2c | 20 76 6f 69 64 20 2a 6e |e(int s,| void *n|
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|00004a90| 53 49 7d 2e 0d 0d 40 20 | 7c 69 6e 74 20 64 75 70 |SI}...@ ||int dup|
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|00004bb0| 6c 69 63 61 74 65 20 6f | 66 20 7c 6f 6c 64 66 64 |licate o|f |oldfd|
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|00004c60| 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 | 69 72 20 64 65 73 63 72 |from the|ir descr|
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|00004cb0| 6f 6d 61 69 6e 2e 0d 0d | 40 2a 32 20 46 69 6c 65 |omain...|@*2 File|
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|00004d00| 6c 65 6e 67 74 68 20 69 | 73 0d 6e 65 76 65 72 20 |length i|s.never |
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|00004d30| 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 | 72 65 77 6f 75 6e 64 2e | can be |rewound.|
|00004d40| 20 54 68 65 72 65 20 61 | 72 65 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 | There a|re also |
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|00004da0| 20 54 68 65 20 66 6f 6c | 6c 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 63 | The fol|lowing c|
|00004db0| 61 6c 6c 73 20 6d 61 6b | 65 20 6e 6f 20 73 65 6e |alls mak|e no sen|
|00004dc0| 73 65 20 66 6f 72 20 66 | 69 6c 65 73 20 61 6e 64 |se for f|iles and|
|00004dd0| 20 72 65 74 75 72 6e 20 | 61 6e 20 65 72 72 6f 72 | return |an error|
|00004de0| 20 6f 66 20 7c 45 4f 50 | 4e 4f 54 53 55 50 50 7c | of |EOP|NOTSUPP||
|00004df0| 3a 0d 5c 6d 65 64 73 6b | 69 70 5c 70 6c 61 69 6e |:.\medsk|ip\plain|
|00004e00| 6f 6e 65 63 6f 6c 7b 0d | 7c 73 6f 63 6b 65 74 28 |onecol{.||socket(|
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|00004e30| 7c 61 63 63 65 70 74 28 | 29 7c 5c 63 72 0d 7c 63 ||accept(|)|\cr.|c|
|00004e40| 6f 6e 6e 65 63 74 28 29 | 7c 5c 63 72 0d 7c 67 65 |onnect()||\cr.|ge|
|00004e50| 74 73 6f 63 6b 6e 61 6d | 65 28 29 7c 5c 63 72 0d |tsocknam|e()|\cr.|
|00004e60| 7c 67 65 74 70 65 65 72 | 6e 61 6d 65 28 29 7c 5c ||getpeer|name()|\|
|00004e70| 63 72 0d 7c 67 65 74 73 | 6f 63 6b 6f 70 74 28 29 |cr.|gets|ockopt()|
|00004e80| 7c 5c 63 72 0d 7c 73 65 | 74 73 6f 63 6b 6f 70 74 ||\cr.|se|tsockopt|
|00004e90| 28 29 7c 5c 63 72 0d 7d | 0d 0d 40 20 54 68 65 20 |()|\cr.}|..@ The |
|00004ea0| 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 69 6e | 67 20 63 61 6c 6c 73 20 |followin|g calls |
|00004eb0| 7b 5c 69 74 20 77 69 6c | 6c 7d 20 77 6f 72 6b 2c |{\it wil|l} work,|
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|00004f50| 63 72 0d 7c 72 65 63 76 | 6d 73 67 28 29 7c 5c 63 |cr.|recv|msg()|\c|
|00004f60| 72 0d 7c 73 65 6e 64 28 | 29 7c 5c 63 72 0d 7c 73 |r.|send(|)|\cr.|s|
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|00004f80| 64 6d 73 67 28 29 7c 5c | 63 72 0d 7d 0d 0d 40 20 |dmsg()|\|cr.}..@ |
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|00005dd0| 20 66 6f 72 6b 2e 5c 63 | 72 0d 7c 4f 5f 43 52 45 | fork.\c|r.|O_CRE|
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|00005eb0| 68 61 6e 67 65 64 2e 5c | 63 72 0d 7c 4f 5f 41 4c |hanged.\|cr.|O_AL|
|00005ec0| 49 41 53 7c 26 49 66 20 | 74 68 65 20 6e 61 6d 65 |IAS|&If |the name|
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|00005f40| 2e 5c 63 72 0d 7d 0d 0d | 40 20 7c 69 6e 74 20 63 |.\cr.}..|@ |int c|
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|00005f60| 6e 61 6d 65 29 7c 20 69 | 73 20 69 64 65 6e 74 69 |name)| i|s identi|
|00005f70| 63 61 6c 20 74 6f 20 7c | 6f 70 65 6e 28 66 69 6c |cal to ||open(fil|
|00005f80| 65 6e 61 6d 65 2c 20 4f | 5f 57 52 4f 4e 4c 59 2b |ename, O|_WRONLY+|
|00005f90| 4f 5f 54 52 55 4e 43 2b | 4f 5f 43 52 45 41 54 29 |O_TRUNC+|O_CREAT)|
|00005fa0| 7c 2e 0d 0d 40 20 7c 69 | 6e 74 20 66 61 63 63 65 ||...@ |i|nt facce|
|00005fb0| 73 73 28 63 6f 6e 73 74 | 20 63 68 61 72 20 2a 66 |ss(const| char *f|
|00005fc0| 69 6c 65 6e 61 6d 65 2c | 20 75 6e 73 69 67 6e 65 |ilename,| unsigne|
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|00006020| 72 65 73 70 65 63 74 73 | 20 63 61 6c 6c 73 20 74 |respects| calls t|
|00006030| 6f 20 7c 63 68 64 69 72 | 28 29 7c 20 66 6f 72 20 |o |chdir|()| for |
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|00006050| 73 2e 0d 0d 40 20 7c 76 | 6f 69 64 20 66 73 65 74 |s...@ |v|oid fset|
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|00006220| 65 73 70 65 63 69 61 6c | 6c 79 0d 6f 6e 63 65 20 |especial|ly.once |
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|00006320| 72 65 63 74 6f 72 79 2e | 0d 0d 40 20 7c 69 6e 74 |rectory.|..@ |int|
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|00006340| 74 68 29 7c 20 6d 61 6b | 65 73 20 61 6c 6c 20 66 |th)| mak|es all f|
|00006350| 75 74 75 72 65 20 70 61 | 72 74 69 61 6c 20 70 61 |uture pa|rtial pa|
|00006360| 74 68 6e 61 6d 65 73 20 | 72 65 6c 61 74 69 76 65 |thnames |relative|
|00006370| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 | 69 73 0d 64 69 72 65 63 | from th|is.direc|
|00006380| 74 6f 72 79 2e 0d 0d 40 | 20 7c 63 68 61 72 20 2a |tory...@| |char *|
|00006390| 20 67 65 74 63 77 64 28 | 63 68 61 72 20 2a 20 62 | getcwd(|char * b|
|000063a0| 75 66 2c 20 69 6e 74 20 | 73 69 7a 65 29 7c 20 72 |uf, int |size)| r|
|000063b0| 65 74 75 72 6e 73 20 61 | 20 70 6f 69 6e 74 65 72 |eturns a| pointer|
|000063c0| 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 | 63 75 72 72 65 6e 74 20 | to the |current |
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|000063e0| 6d 65 2e 20 49 66 20 7c | 62 75 66 7c 20 69 73 20 |me. If ||buf| is |
|000063f0| 7c 4e 55 4c 4c 7c 2c 20 | 7c 73 69 7a 65 7c 20 62 ||NULL|, ||size| b|
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+