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M94A0167.TXT
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1994-10-01
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Document 0167
DOCN M94A0167
TI Mucosal infection of neonatal rhesus monkeys with cell-free SIV.
DT 9412
AU Baba TW; Koch J; Mittler ES; Greene M; Wyand M; Penninck D; Ruprecht RM;
Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute,; Boston,
Massachusetts 02115.
SO AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Apr;10(4):351-7. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/94347459
AB Although the mechanisms for maternal transmission are unknown,
approximately half of the infants congenitally infected with the human
immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seem to become infected late in
gestation or during delivery. Previously, we have developed a rhesus
monkey model for congenital infection by injecting cell-free simian
immunodeficiency virus (SIV) directly into amniotic fluid. Our results
suggested that fetal infection may have occurred via skin or mucous
membrane exposure. Mucosal surfaces have also been implicated as a
portal of virus entry by a study in which the presence of serosanguinous
fluid in neonatal gastric aspirates correlated with an increased rate of
HIV-1 transmission. To test whether cell-free virus could transverse
intact neonatal mucosal surfaces, we administered SIVmac251 orally to
four rhesus monkey neonates within 1 hr following cesarean section
delivery. All four neonates developed viremia and were positive by
cocultivation and PCR. Seroconversion occurred in three of the four
neonates. The SIV dose given was within physiological range as shown by
end-point dilution of virus stock and viremic plasma samples of juvenile
rhesus monkeys. This primate model for mucosal transmission of cell-free
virus features a high infection rate, thus making studies of mucosal
immunity and the development of strategies to prevent intrapartum virus
transmission possible.
DE Animal Animals, Newborn Base Sequence Cell-Free System/MICROBIOLOGY
Cesarean Section Disease Models, Animal DNA, Viral/GENETICS Female
Human HIV Infections/CONGENITAL/COMPLICATIONS/TRANSMISSION
*Maternal-Fetal Exchange Molecular Sequence Data Mucous
Membrane/IMMUNOLOGY/MICROBIOLOGY Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications,
Infectious/ETIOLOGY Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome/COMPLICATIONS/*ETIOLOGY/ TRANSMISSION Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. SIV/GENETICS/*PATHOGENICITY
Viremia/ETIOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).