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M94A0070.TXT
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1994-10-01
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Document 0070
DOCN M94A0070
TI Efficacy of primary chemoprophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii
pneumonia during the first year of life in infants infected with human
immunodeficiency virus type 1.
DT 9412
AU Rigaud M; Pollack H; Leibovitz E; Kim M; Persaud D; Kaul A; Lawrence R;
John DD; Borkowsky W; Krasinski K; Department of Pediatrics and
Environmental Medicine, New York; University Medical Center, NY 10016.
SO J Pediatr. 1994 Sep;125(3):476-80. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/94351443
AB To evaluate the efficacy of primary chemoprophylaxis in preventing
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in infants with perinatal human
immunodeficiency virus-1 infection during the first year of life, we
conducted a retrospective chart review of infants with human
immunodeficiency virus-1 infection born at New York University Medical
Center-Bellevue Hospital Center, in New York. Between March 1989 and
March 1993, 24 infants received primary chemoprophylaxis with
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the first year of life and 24 infants
did not receive primary prophylaxis. The CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts in the
two groups did not differ during the first year of life. The median age
at the time of initiation of prophylaxis was 3 months, and the average
duration of prophylaxis was 5.5 months. Among the infants who had not
received prophylaxis, five cases of PCP were diagnosed at a median age
of 5 months; in contrast, no cases of PCP were observed in the infants
receiving prophylaxis (log-rank test, p = 0.017). The probability of
surviving after 1 year of age was 92% for the children who received
prophylaxis and 74% for those who did not (log-rank test, p = 0.035).
These data indicate that chemoprophylaxis is highly effective in
preventing primary PCP and improving survival time in infants with human
immunodeficiency virus-1 infection.
DE Age Factors AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/DRUG
THERAPY/*PREVENTION & CONTROL Cohort Studies Female Follow-Up
Studies Human HIV Infections/*CONGENITAL *HIV-1 Infant Infant,
Newborn Leukocyte Count Male Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii/DRUG
THERAPY/*PREVENTION & CONTROL Probability Retrospective Studies
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Survival Rate
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination/*THERAPEUTIC USE T4
Lymphocytes/PATHOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).