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PERIOD3.DAT
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1987-01-05
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4KB
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150 lines
F2,0,0,319,104
F1,0,105,319,164
^X40
B0,0,28,19,40
B0,0,52,19,64
B0,0,76,19,88
B0,0,16,19,100
^T48,131,179
3,7,|M1A Name At.# At. Wt.
6,19,|WH |BHydrogen 1 1.00797
5,31,|WLi |BLithium 3 6.939
3,43,|WNa |BSodium 11 22.9898
6,55,|WK |BPotassium 19 39.0983
3,67,|WRb |BRubidium 37 85.47
3,79,|WCs |BCesium 55 123.905
3,91,|WFr |BFrancium 87 223
^X
6,110,^J This group is known as the |WAlkali Metals|B. Each metal has one
electron in its outer shell, which gives this group an oxidation number of +1.
While |WHydrogen|B belongs to this group, it is not a metal, although it
sometimes acts like one.^Q
^S
F2,0,0,319,94
F1,0,95,319,144
^X40
B0,0,28,19,40
B0,0,52,19,64
L0,0,76,19,76
B0,0,16,19,88
3,7,|M2A Name At.# At. Wt.
3,19,|WBe |BBeryllium 4 9.0122
3,31,|WMg |BMagnesium 12 24.312
3,43,|WCa |BCalcium 20 40.08
3,55,|WSr |BStrontium 38 87.62
3,67,|WBa |BBarium 56 137.33
3,79,|WRa |BRadium 88 226
^X
6,100,^J This is the |WAlkaline Earth Metals|B group. These elements have two
electrons in their outer shells and they have an oxidation number of +2. They
also react with oxygen to form oxides.^Q
^S
F2,0,0,319,84
F1,0,85,319,154
^X40
B0,0,28,19,40
B0,0,52,19,64
B0,0,16,19,76
3,7,|M3A Name At.# At. Wt.
6,19,|WB |BBoron 5 10.811
5,31,|WAl |BAluminum 13 26.9815
3,43,|WGa |BGallium 31 69.72
5,55,|WIn |BIndium 49 114.82
5,67,|WTl |BThallium 81 204.37
^X
6,90,^J This group of elements has no special name. However, it is the first
group with both metals and nonmetals. The one nonmetal is |WBoron|B. It has
three oxidation numbers: -5, +1, +3. The remaining four elements are metals
and have oxidation numbers of +1 and +3.^Q
^S
F2,0,0,319,84
F1,0,85,319,154
^X40
B0,0,28,19,40
B0,0,52,19,64
B0,0,16,19,76
3,7,|M4A Name At.# At. Wt.
6,19,|WC |BCarbon 6 12.01115
5,31,|WSi |BSilicon 14 28.0855
3,43,|WGe |BGermanium 32 72.59
3,55,|WSn |BTin 50 118.69
3,67,|WPb |BLead 82 207.19
^X
6,90,^J Like 3A, this group also has no name and has both metals and nonmetals.
|WCarbon|B and |WSilicon|B are the nonmetals with oxidation numbers of -4, +2,
and +4. The metals have two oxidation numbers: +2 and +4. These elements
have four electrons in the outer shell.^Q
^S
F2,0,0,319,84
F1,0,85,319,144
^X40
B0,0,28,19,40
B0,0,52,19,64
B0,0,16,19,76
3,7,|M5A Name At.# At. Wt.
6,19,|WN |BNitrogen 7 14.0067
6,31,|WP |BPhosphorus 15 30.9738
3,43,|WAs |BArsenic 33 74.9216
3,55,|WSb |BAntimony 51 121.75
5,67,|WBi |BBismuth 83 208.98
^X
6,90,^J Like the previous two groups, 5A is nameless. All the elements are
nonmetals except |WAntimony|B and |WBismuth|B. Their oxidation numbers are +3
and +5, while the nonmetal oxidation number is -3. This group has five
electrons in the outermost shell.^Q
^S
F2,0,0,319,84
F1,0,85,319,154
^X40
B0,0,28,19,40
B0,0,52,19,64
B0,0,16,19,76
3,7,|M6A Name At.# At. Wt.
6,19,|WO |BOxygen 8 15.9994
6,31,|WS |BSulfur 16 32.064
3,43,|WSe |BSelenium 34 78.96
3,55,|WTe |BTellurium 52 127.6
3,67,|WPo |BPolonium 84 210
^X
6,90,^J 6A, called |WChalcogens|B, is the last group with both nonmetals and
metals. The metals, |WSelenium|B, |WTellurium|B, and |WPolonium|B, have +4
and +6 for oxi- dation numbers. The nonmetals have an oxidation number of -2.
These elements have a total of six electrons in the outer shell.^Q
^S
F2,0,0,319,84
F1,0,85,319,134
^X40
B0,0,28,19,40
B0,0,52,19,64
B0,0,16,19,76
3,7,|M7A Name At.# At. Wt.
6,19,|WF |BFluorine 9 18.9984
5,31,|WCl |BChlorine 17 35.453
3,43,|WBr |BBromine 35 79.909
7,55,|WI |BIodine 52 126.904
3,67,|WAt |BAstatine 85 210
^X
6,90,^J This group, |WHalogens|B, is entirely made of non- metals. They have
seven electrons in the outer shell, and they have an oxidation number of -1.
All are diatomic, or found in twos, except astatine.^Q
^S
F2,0,0,319,94
F1,0,95,319,134
^X40
B0,0,28,19,40
B0,0,52,19,64
L0,0,76,19,76
B0,0,16,19,88
3,7,|M8A Name At.# At. Wt.
3,19,|WHe |BHelium 2 4.0026
3,31,|WNe |BNeon 10 20.183
3,43,|WAr |BArgon 18 39.948
3,55,|WKr |BKrypton 36 83.8
3,67,|WXe |BXenon 54 131.3
3,79,|WRn |BRadon 86 222
^X
6,100,^J The |WNoble Gases|B are the most stable elements known to man. Their
outer shells are completely filled, thus they have no ionic charge.^Q
^S