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- "I swear by my life and my love of it that I will never live for
- the sake of another man, nor ask another man to live for mine."
-
- John Galt in "Atlas Shrugged", by Ayn Rand
-
-
- AUTHOR
-
- The author is cristy@dupont.com. This software is NOT shareware.
- However, I am interested in who might be using it. Please consider
- sending me a picture postcard of the area where you live. Send
- postcards to
-
- John Cristy
- 5 Middleton Lane
- Landenberg, PA 19350
- USA
-
- AVAILABILITY
-
- Anonymous FTP at ftp.x.org, file contrib/ImageMagick-3.0.tar.gz. I want
- ImageMagick to be of high quality, so if you encounter a problem I
- will investigate. However, be sure you are using the most recent
- version from ftp.x.org before submitting any bug reports or
- suggestions.
-
-
- UNIX COMPILATION
-
- Type:
-
- gunzip ImageMagick-3.0.tar.gz
- tar xvf ImageMagick-3.0.tar
- cd ImageMagick
- xmkmf
- make Makefiles
- make
-
- If you do not have 'gunzip', it is available as
- prep.ai.mit.edu:pub/gnu/gzip-1.2.4.shar. If you do not have 'xmkmf',
- edit 'Makefile' as required by your hardware environment and type
-
- make
-
- Finally type:
-
- display images/aquarium.miff
- display -monochrome -dither images/aquarium.miff
-
- The aquarium and other images are available from anonymous FTP at
- ftp.x.org, file contrib/ImageMagick.images.tar.gz.
-
- If the image colors are not correct use this command:
-
- display -visual default images/aquarium.miff
-
- You can find other example images in the 'images' directory.
-
- Be sure to read the manual pages for the display, animate, montage,
- import, mogrify, and convert utilities.
-
- The ImageMagick utilities read and write MIFF images. Refer to the
- end of this message for more information about MIFF. Use `convert'
- to convert images to and from the MIFF format.
-
- ImageMagick utilities recognizes these image formats:
-
- Tag Description
- ----------------------------------------------------
- AVS AVS X image file
- BMP Microsoft Windows bitmap image file
- CMYK Raw cyan, magenta, yellow, and black bytes
- EPS Adobe Encapsulated Postscript
- FAX Group 3
- FITS Flexible Image Transport System
- GIF Compuserve Graphics image file
- GRAY Raw gray bytes
- JPEG
- MAP colormap intensities and indices
- MATTE Raw matte bytes
- MIFF Magick image file format
- MTV
- PCX ZSoft IBM PC Paintbrush file
- PICT Apple Macintosh QuickDraw/PICT file
- PNM Portable bitmap
- PS Adobe PostScript file
- PS2 Adobe PostScript Level II file
- RGB Raw red, green, and blue bytes
- RLE Utah Raster Toolkit
- SUN SUN raster
- TGA Truevision Targa image file
- TEXT raw text file; read only
- TIFF Tagged Image File Format
- VICAR
- VIFF Khoros Visualization image file.
- X select image from X server screen
- XC constant image of X server background color
- XBM X11 bitmap
- XPM X11 pixmap
- XWD X11 window dump
- YUV CCIR 601 1:1:1 file.
- YUV3 CCIR 601 2:1:1 files.
-
- and for your convenience automatically converts most of these alien image
- format to MIFF at execution time. However, the MIFF image format has
- several advantages over most image formats (i.e. runlength encoding,
- digital signature on an image colormap, etc.). ImageMagick is
- designed to exploit these advantages. Whenever possible convert an
- alien image format to the MIFF format before using the various
- ImageMagick programs.
-
- Other formats may also be recognized. See CONVERT(1) for a list of
- valid image formats. You can specify a particular image format by
- prefixing the image filename with the image type and a colon (i.e.
- ps:image.ps).
-
- ImageMagick requires GNU's Ghostscript software available via FTP as
- ftp.uu.net:systems/gnu/ghostscript-2.6.1.tar.gz to read the
- Postscript format. For ImageMagick to read Postscript files, `gs'
- must be in your execution path and the `pbmraw' and `ppmraw' devices
- must be recognized (try gs -h to verify). If they are not defined, add
- them to your 'DEVICE_DEVS' define in your Ghostscript `Makefile' and
- recompile (i.e. DEVICE_DEVS=x11.dev pbmraw.dev ppmraw.dev).
-
- ImageMagick requires picttoppm from contrib/netpbm-7dec1993.tar.gz on
- ftp.x.org to read Macintosh PICT images.
-
- ImageMagick requires hpcdtoppm from contrib/netpbm-7dec1993.tar.gz on
- ftp.x.org to read Photo CD images.
-
- ImageMagick requires the Independent JPEG Group's software available via
- FTP as ftp.uu.net:graphics/jpeg/jpegsrc.v4.tar.Z to read the JPEG image
- format.
-
- ImageMagick requires Sam Leffler's TIFF software available via FTP as
- sgi.com:graphics/tiff/v3.2beta.tar.Z to read the TIFF image format. If
- you have an ANSI compiler, try sgi.com:graphics/tiff/v3.3beta002.src.tar.Z.
-
- ImageMagick requires Arnaud Le Hors XPM software available via FTP as
- ftp.x.org:contrib/xpm-3.4a.tar.gz to read the XPM image format.
-
- To display images in the JPEG, TIFF, or XPM format, get the JPEG, TIFF,
- or XPM archives and build ImageMagick as follows:
-
- cd ImageMagick
- mkdir jpeg
- cd jpeg
- zcat jpegsrc.v4.tar.Z | tar xvof -
- cp jmemnobs.c jmemsys.c
- cp makefile.unix Makefile
- make libjpeg.a
- cd ..
- mkdir tiff
- cd tiff
- zcat v3.2beta.tar.Z | tar xvof -
- cd libtiff
- cp Makefile.sun Makefile
- make
- cd ../..
- mkdir xpm
- < copy xpm-3.4a/lib/* to xpm >
- cd xpm
- xmkmf
- make
- cd ..
- < edit Magick.tmpl and define HasJPEG, HasTIFF, or HasXPM as instructed >
- xmkmf
- make Makefiles
- make clean
- make
-
- You can now display images in the JPEG, TIFF, or XPM format.
-
-
- VMS COMPILATION
-
- Type
-
- @make
- set display/create/node=node_name::
-
- where node_name is the DECNET X server to contact.
-
- Finally type:
-
- display [.images]aquarium.miff
- display -monochrome -dither [.images]aquarium.miff
-
-
- ANIMATION
-
- An example animation sequence is available from anonymous FTP at
- ftp.x.org, file contrib/ImageMagick.animation.tar.gz. Or
- alternatively, you can create this sequence yourself. Just look at
- README in the scenes directory.
-
- To prevent color flashing on visuals that have colormaps, `animate'
- creates a single colormap from the image sequence. This can be
- rather time consuming. You can speed this operation up by reducing
- the colors in the image before you `animate' them. Use `mogrify' to
- color reduce the images:
-
- mogrify -colors 256 scenes/dna.[0-9]*
-
- Note, the image sequence in ImageMagick.animation.tar.gz is already
- reduced. Alternatively, you can use a Standard Colormap; or a
- static, direct, or true color visual. You can define a Standard
- Colormap with `xstdcmap'. For example, to use the "best" Standard
- Colormap, type:
-
- xstdcmap -best
- animate -map best scenes/dna.[0-9]*
-
- or to use a true color visual:
-
- animate -visual truecolor scenes/dna.[0-9]*
-
- Image filenames can appear in any order on the command line if the
- scene keyword is specified in the MIFF image. Otherwise the images
- display in the order they appear on the command line. A scene is
- specified when converting from another image format to MIFF by using
- the "scene" option with any filter. Be sure to choose a scene number
- other than zero. For example, to convert a TIFF image to a MIFF
- image as scene #2, type:
-
- convert -scene 2 image.tiff image.miff
-
-
- MIFF IMAGE FORMAT
-
- MIFF is an image format which I developed. I like it because it
-
- 1) It is machine independent. It can be read on virtually any
- computer. No byte swapping is necessary.
-
- 2) It has a text header. Most image formats are coded in binary
- and you cannot easily tell attributes about the image. Use
- 'more' on MIFF image files and the attributes are displayed in
- text form.
-
- 3) It can handle runlength-encoded images. Although most scanned
- images do not benefit from runlength-encoding, most
- computer-generated images do. Images of mostly uniform colors
- have a high compression ratio and therefore take up less memory
- and disk space.
-
- 4) It allows a scene number to be specified. This allows you to
- specify an animation sequence out-of-order on the command line.
- The correct order is determined by the scene number of each
- image.
-
- 5) MIFF computes a digital signature for colormapped images. This
- is useful for animating a sequence of images on a colormapped X
- server. If all signatures match in the image sequence,
- computing a global colormap is not necessary.
-
- 6) There is a `montage' keyword allowing an image to act as a visual
- image directory. See display(1) for more details.
-
- One way to get an image into MIFF format is to use `convert'. or
- read it from an X window using the 'import' program. Alternatively,
- type the necessary header information in a file with a text editor.
- Next, dump the binary bytes into another file. Finally, type
-
- cat header binary_image | display -write image.miff -
-
- For example, suppose you have a raw red, green, blue image file on
- disk that is 640 by 480. The header file would look like this:
-
- id=ImageMagick columns=640 rows=480 :
-
- The image file would have red, green, blue tuples (rgbrgbrgb...).
-
- Refer to the 'display' manual page for more details.
-
- COPYRIGHT
-
- Copyright 1994 E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company
-
- Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and
- its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
- provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
- both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
- supporting documentation, and that the name of E. I. du Pont de Nemours
- & Company not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
- distribution of the software without specific, written prior
- permission. E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company makes no representations
- about the suitability of this software for any purpose. It is provided
- "as is" without express or implied warranty.
-
- E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company disclaims all warranties with regard
- to this software, including all implied warranties of merchantability
- and fitness, in no event shall E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company be
- liable for any special, indirect or consequential damages or any
- damages whatsoever resulting from loss of use, data or profits, whether
- in an action of contract, negligence or other tortious action, arising
- out of or in connection with the use or performance of this software.
-