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OCR: ERNEST RUTHERFORD (1871 1937) "HE NEW ZEALAND -BORN British physicist Ernest Rutherford laid the foundation for the development of nuclear physics and modern quantum theory. He investigated radioactivity and the nature of alpha (positively charged) particles. His most significant discovery was the nature of the structure of the atom. He realized through his experiments that the positive charge at atom concentrated at its center in a tiny dense nucleus Rutherford' work and leadership inspired two generations of scien tists n 1908 he received the Nobel Prize for chemistry, and in 1925 he became president of the Royal Society London LFE ALSO STORY