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OCR: CECILIA PAYNE-GAPOSCHKIN CECILIA PAYNE-GAPOSCHKIN was a British-born astronomer who began her highly acclaimed work in her early twenties (she later became the first female professor at the University of Harvard). She established surface temperature ranges for each class of stars by studying stellar spectra (emission or absorption data that indicate chemical makeup). In her work on the composition of stars, she discovered that main-sequence stars like the Sun are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium. The basis of her work is still used by astronomers today. (1900-79) A-Z SEE LIFE NEXT ALSO STORY