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OCR: EJNAR HERTZSPRUNG EJNAR HERTZSPRUNG was a Danish astronomer and an originator of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, a major tool of modern astronomy. This diagram, jointly named for Henry Norris Russell (1877-1957), who independently produced a very similar diagram, relates the color of a star to its absolute magnitude (intrinsic brightness). All stellar astronomy since 1913 has been based on this work. Hertzsprung also proposed and defined absolute magnitude, gave red giants and red dwarfs their names, and developed a new method for determining the distance of stars. (1873-1967) A-7. SEE LIFE NEXT ALSO STORY