Hall of Fame/HallofFameCDROM.cdr/util2/sd60.lzh/SDR.DOC

Text File | 1989-01-06 | 32KB | 650 lines

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       SDR: IBM-PC Resident Sorted Directory Utility V6.0

        Copyright (C) 1986-89 By John F. Stetson

              All Rights Reserved

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    Contents

------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.0    INTRODUCTION
1.1    Program Requirements
1.2    Design Philosophy

2.0    PROGRAM USAGE
2.1    Installation
2.2    Activation
2.3    Execution
2.4    Termination
2.5    Removal

3.0    APPENDICES
3.1    Switch Differences
3.2    Configuration
3.3    Error Messages

------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.1    Program Requirements

------------------------------------------------------------------------

SDR.COM is a memory resident  sorted  directory  utility  program  which
operates on IBM-PC compatible computer systems using the IBM  PC-DOS  or
Microsoft MS-DOS Operating System Version 2.0 or higher.

SD.COM is the non-memory resident version of the  program.    Since  the
capabilities  and  command  syntax  of    the  two  programs are virtually
identical, only the differences and additional capabilities  of  SDR.COM
are  covered  in  this    document.  It is recommended that the user first
become familiar with the use of SD.COM before using SDR.COM.   The  bulk
of  the  command syntax for SDR.COM is therefore covered in the document
for SD.COM.

This version of the program  requires  about  16Kb  of    disk  space  and
about 24-68Kb of memory during    execution,  depending  on  the    size  of
the directory, file and screen buffers configured by the user.    With the
default buffer sizes, the program uses about 32Kb of system memory.

Support is provided for IBM-PC    compatible  MDA, CGA, MCGA, EGA, and VGA
video adaptors and monitors.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

1.2    Design Philosophy

------------------------------------------------------------------------

As is the case for SD.COM, SDR.COM provides more  information  than  the
resident  DOS DIR command about the files on a disk, and allows the user
to select, sort, format, and display the information  in  a  variety  of
ways.     This is accomplished by specifying a pattern name to select the
desired files and by  specifying  any  of  a  variety  of  command  line
"switches"  which  allow you to modify the behavior of the program.  The
switch names have been designed using letters, as much as  possible,  so
that  it  is easier to associate the function of a switch with its name.
In addition, the default switch values have  been  carefully  chosen  to
reflect their most common use.

The advantage of a memory resident program is that it is  almost  always
available for use, regardless of the other program(s) currently running.
Otherwise, it would be necessary to either exit the current program  and
return to the  DOS system command prompt in order to run the program, or
use the "shell" facility that some programs  provide  to  execute  other
programs  and  then regain control.  Since not all programs provide this
capability, having your frequently used  utilities  in    memory    resident
form  greatly increases their availability.  In addition, execution of a
memory resident program is virtually instantaneous, since the program is
only loaded from disk once.

The primary disadvantage  of  a  memory  resident  program  is    that  it
consumes  system  memory  which  would otherwise be available to execute
other programs.  Most memory resident programs are loaded once at system
boot time  and    remain    in  memory  permanently.  Well    designed  memory
resident programs are carefully written to minimize the amount of memory
they use, and allow the user to configure the program to achieve a  good
balance between functionality and  memory  consumption.    Another  more
subtle disadvantage is that most  non-trivial  memory resident    programs
must employ a variety of techniques to work around  the  limitations  in
the DOS operating system and the IBM-PC BIOS.  Since there is not yet  a
universally accepted standard for what these techniques should be, there
is  no guarantee that any one memory resident program will be compatible
with another, or even with other non-memory resident programs.

However, enough of  a  standard  has  emerged  to  write  useful  memory
resident  programs, and the benefits of frequently used programs greatly
outweigh the occasional incompatibilities for most users.  This  program
has been designed in such a way as to try and maximize its compatibility
with   other   programs.    However,  there  is   no   guarantee    that
incompatibilities  will  not  arise  with a specific program.  When this
occurs, a good strategy to follow is to try to simplify the  environment
as  much  as  possible;  remove  other memory resident programs one at a
time, or try changing the order in which they are loaded.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.1    Installation

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Unlike non-memory resident programs, SDR is normally only executed once,
immediately  after the operating system is booted.  This is best done by
placing  the  command  "SDR"  in  the  AUTOEXEC.BAT  file    which    is
automatically executed by DOS after boot-up.  As mentioned above, it may
be necessary to experiment with different  loading  orders  of    multiple
Terminate-and-Stay-Resident  programs.    In general, the more complex TSR
type programs (such  as  BORLAND's  SideKick)  should  be  loaded  after
simpler TSR  programs.    Like  most  TSR  programs, SDR    should    only  be
installed at the top DOS command level, not from inside another program.

There are two SDR DOS command line switches  (/q and /z)  which  may  be
specified at installation time.  A third switch (/r) is used  to  remove
the program from memory and is described below.  These    switches  should
not be confused with those used once you have activated the program  and
are operating inside it.  The help screen displayed in response  to  the
/? switch (inside SDR) flags these switches with an (*) character  as  a
reminder that they are to be used on the DOS (not the SDR) command line.

The /q switch requests    "quiet"  installation  mode.  Normally,  if  the
installation is successful, SDR will display a message in a box  showing
the total amount of memory it is using and the activation key  sequence.
This message cannot be suppressed by redirecting it  to  the  DOS  "NUL"
device, since it is not displayed using  standard  DOS    video  services.
Specifying the /q switch will prevent the message from being  displayed.

Similarly, the /z switch causes suppression of the message box which  is
normally displayed when the program is activated by pressing the hot key
sequence.  See the sections below  for    additional  information.  As  an
example, you can install SDR and suppress both message boxes as follows:

D>SDR /Q/Z

Although it is rather unlikely, installation of SDR can  be  denied  for
the following reasons:

1) DOS 2.0 or later is required.

2) The program has already been loaded into memory.

3) The directory or file buffer sizes requested are out of bounds.   The
   program was incorrectly  patched - this can't happen if the available
   configuration program (SDC) is used.

4) There is insufficient system memory available for the resident  code,
   data, directory and file buffers.

5) The program is unable to release memory it no longer needs.

6) The program is unable to allocate memory for the screen buffer.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.2    Activation

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Since the program is "memory resident", it is  available  for  use  even
though another program is currently running. The program is activated by
pressing the activation or "hot" key combination. The default activation
key combination is CTRL-ESC (while holding down the CTRL key, press  the
ESC key at the same time).  These key combinations can be changed  using
the configuration program so as not to conflict with their possible  use
by other programs.

Although the program will usually be able to  "go active"  or  "pop up",
there are a few situations where this is not possible (or desirable!):

1) If the program is already active.  Pressing the activation key  while
   inside the  program is sometimes used to exit a TSR program.  Since a
   different key (ESC) is used for this purpose  in  SDR,  this  is  not
   allowed.

2) If Disk I/O is in progress.    Although not recommended,  you may  find
   that you can safely pop up SDR in the middle of reading or writing to
   a disk.  At other times, the request may be denied.    This is  due  to
   the need to serialize access to non-reentrant code in the PC BIOS.

3) If the current video mode is  either  40  column  text  or  graphics.
   Since SDR  requires    the  full  width of the screen in 80 column text
   mode, it will decline to  activate  if  the    current  video    mode  is
   incompatible with these requirements.  The primary programs which use
   these video modes are BASIC programs.

4) If a multitasking environment such as Microsoft Windows  or    DESQview
   is currently being used.  Since these  environments    involve  complex
   memory management functions, you should use SD rather than  SDR.  You
   CAN use SDR with Windows/386 if you install it while inside Windows.

In the situations above, the activation request will be acknowledged  by
an  audible  tone  or "beep", so that there is no doubt that the request
was declined.  However, there is another situation where the program may
not  appear  to activate.  Some programs or commands may perform certain
long-running functions which do  not  provide  an  opportunity    for  TSR
programs  to  activate.    A simple example is the TYPE command.  If you
type a large file and press the activation key during  the  output,  the
program  will  probably  not  go active and the audible tone will not be
generated.  However, when the command ends,  either  normally  or  by  a
CTRL-BREAK  interrupt,    SDR  will  activate.    Some TSR programs simply
refuse to activate in this situation.

Another similar situation can occur when  one  TSR  program  is  already
active    and refuses to allow a second TSR program to even "see" its hot-
key sequence.  This is a characteristic of  "ill-behaved"  TSR  programs
which  are  all too common.  Yet another scenario occurs when SDR "pops-
up" over another TSR program but appears to be "dead".  Sometimes simply
pressing  a  few  keys    will cause the "deadly embrace" to end, although
these keys may be passed back to the previously invoked program.

Since SDR dynamically determines  the  video  configuration, this  means
that  you can install it using one kind of video monitor and activate it
from another kind.  You can switch between MDA,  CGA,  and  EGA  or  VGA
monitors at will and SDR will adapt its operation to the monitor in use.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.3    Execution

------------------------------------------------------------------------

After the activation key is accepted, the program "goes active" or "pops
up".    At this point, the top few lines of the screen are cleared and a
box with several lines of information is displayed.  A prompt appears on
the screen line below the box.    Once you are familiar with the operation
of the program, you may wish to use the SDR DOS command line  /z  switch
to eliminate the box in  order    to  save  screen  space.  The  following
options are now available:

1) Enter a valid command line.    See below for details.

2) Press the RETURN key to display the current directory.

3) Enter /? to display command help information.

4) Press ESC or CTRL-C to return to the suspended program.

The complete form of the command line is:

D:\path> [/switches] [drive][path][filespec] [/switches]

The prompt string consists of the current drive letter, followed by  the
current  directory  path for the drive, followed by the prompt character
(which may be configured).  The SDR prompt may appear alarmingly similar
to  your  DOS  system prompt; the DOS command: PROMPT $P$G generates the
same type of prompt string.  To avoid confusion, SDR allows  the  prompt
character  to  be  changed,  and  the  default    is  a graphics character
different from the usual (>) character.

The rest of the command line  parameters  (drive,  path,  filespec,  and
switches)  are    just  like those accepted by the SD.COM program.  Please
refer to the documentation for SD for details.

The command line must be terminated by the  RETURN  or    ENTER  key.  The
Backspace key may be  used  to remove previously typed characters on the
command line.  Since SDR must avoid the use of DOS console  services  in
resident code, utilities like PCED, CED, and DOSEDIT which allow editing
the DOS command line will unfortunately not function inside SDR.

After the output of the current command is displayed, the prompt  string
is  redisplayed.   This allows you to enter as many commands as  desired
before returning to the  suspended  program.   Keep  in  mind  that  the
program which was in control when the activation key was pressed is in a
suspended state; this implies that you will not  wish  to  activate  SDR
(even  though  it is allowed) when executing a time-critical program.  A
good example of this is a modem communication program which  is  in  the
middle of a file transfer with a remote system.

To see SDR in operation, try the following example:

1) Execute the BASIC language interpreter with the command: BASICA

2) Enter the following BASIC command: FOR I=1 TO 999 : ? I,SQR(I) : NEXT

3) Press RETURN and wait until the screen fills

4) Press the SDR activation keys: CTRL-ESC

5) Press RETURN several times to display the directory

6) Press ESC to return to the BASIC program

7) Notice that the program picks up where it left off

8) Press CTRL-BREAK to terminate the BASIC program

Unlike most programs, you can't type ahead while the program is running.
This is due to the need to monitor the keyboard in order  to  pause  the
screen output.    If you wish to begin typing a new command, simply  press
ESCAPE (preferred) or Control-C to  immediately  terminate  the  output,
and then type the next command.

Console output may be paused by typing any other character  and  may  be
restarted in two different ways.  If RETURN is    pressed,  screen  output
resumes until the either the screen fills or  the  output  finishes.  If
any other character is typed, only a single line  of  additional  screen
output is displayed.  This allows you to easily  control  the  displayed
output so as to minimize the loss of existing screen data by  scrolling.
The recommended single line scroll keys are the Space Bar or Down Arrow.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.4    Termination

------------------------------------------------------------------------

The only way to exit from SDR to the suspended program    is  by    pressing
the  ESC or CTRL-C key from the SDR command prompt.  Pressing CTRL-BREAK
will not exit from SDR and will appear to be ignored, but the  interrupt
may be seen by the suspended program when SDR is exited normally.

If the ESC key is used to exit from SDR, the console screen is    restored
to  its original state, and the cursor position and size are restored to
their original state when the original program was suspended.

If the CTRL-C key is used to exit from SDR and the original screen  line
containing  the  cursor  before  SDR was activated is still visible, the
cursor is restored  to    its  original  state,  but  the  screen  is  NOT
restored.   A divider line is displayed over the last SDR prompt line to
clearly separate the original and subsequent screen output.  The  reason
for  this  behavior is to allow you to retain output generated by SDR in
order to be able to refer  to  it  when  you  return  to  the  suspended
program.  Once the original cursor line is overwritten, either by screen
output, scrolling, or clearing the screen, CTRL-C will cause the  entire
screen    to  be    restored,  just like ESC.  Therefore, if you plan to use
this feature, you will want to position  the  cursor  as  close  to  the
bottom    of  the screen as possible before activating SDR.  Once you have
referred to the SDR output, you may wish to perform  an  action  in  the
suspended  program  which  will  cause    the  screen  to be rewritten, in
order to avoid confusion and to resynchronize the display.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

2.5    Removal

------------------------------------------------------------------------

SDR prevents the user from loading multiple copies of itself in order to
avoid wasting memory.  It can be removed from memory by running it again
with the /r command line switch specified.  This  is  helpful  when  the
program is being configured for different screen colors, etc.  in  order
to avoid a system reboot to load a new copy of the program.  It can also
be useful if the need arises to release as much memory as  possible  for
some other purpose.

Although it is rather unlikely, removal of SDR can  be    denied    for  the
following reasons:

1) The program is not already loaded in memory.

2) Interrupt vectors previously saved and changed by  the  program  have
   been subsequently altered by another program.

3) The program is unable to release memory it no longer needs.

SDR will decline to remove itself from    memory    if  it    determines  that
another TSR program has stolen    one  of  the  interrupt vectors which it
saves and then changes.  In this case, you must remove the other program
from memory before you can remove SDR.    A good example is when BORLAND's
SideKick utility is used with SDR.  In this case, install SDR first  and
SideKick second.  You must remove SideKick first, and SDR  second.  This
is necessary since SideKick constantly monitors the interrupt vectors it
steals and if it detects that another program has stolen them, it steals
them back again!

Although a few TSR programs provide a means of    deinstalling  themselves
from  memory  (such  as  SDR),    most do not.  However, there are several
utilities available which provide this capability.  MARK and RELEASE  by
TurboPower  Software  and  INSTALL and REMOVE by PC Magazine are readily
available on many bulletin boards.   These  programs  require  that  you
execute  a  special program before installing a TSR program, and another
program when you wish to remove the TSR program.  They    work  by  saving
information about the state of the Interrupt Vector Table and DOS Memory
Control Blocks so that this information can  be  subsequently  restored,
thus effectively removing the TSR program.

There are also several utility programs available which display  all  of
the currently loaded TSR programs, along with  information  on    how much
memory they use, which interrupts they "steal", etc.  By observing which
interrupts are stolen by each TSR program, it is possible  to  determine
which programs are likely to conflict with each other.

If you use one of these programs to display  the  currently  loaded  TSR
programs, you may notice that  some  are  identified  by  their  program
names and some are not.  Starting with    DOS  V3, the  path  and  program
name used to execute a program are stored  in  the  program  environment
memory block.  It is  generally  considered  good  practice  for  a  TSR
program to release this environment block  (usually less than 100 bytes)
at the time it is installed, and SDR does this.  A side effect    of  this
action is that    programs  which  scan  the  memory  control  blocks  and
display information about TSR programs cannot obtain the program name.

When any TSR program is removed from memory  and  it  is  not  the  last
loaded TSR program, a gap in memory will result  from  the  creation  of
the resulting free memory block.  DOS  will  not  normally  be    able  to
use this memory unless all TSR programs  above    it  are  first    removed.
This implies that TSR programs should always be removed in the    opposite
order in which they were installed, in order  to  maximize  the  use  of
available memory for other programs.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.1    Switch Differences

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Although most of the command line switches function the same in  SDR  as
they do in SD, there are differences due to the operating environment.

Although the /e switch may still be used to clear the screen before  the
execution  of an individual command, using the SDC program to turn  this
switch ON as a default will cause the entire screen to be  cleared  each
time  SDR  "pops-up", but not automatically for each subsequent command.

The Environment Size, TSR Memory, and System Memory Used and Free values
displayed by the /i switch reflect the system memory at  the  time  just
after SDR was installed and may be incorrect if other TSR programs  have
been subsequently loaded.  SDR will not be able to read the Boot  Sector
for drives above C: when it is activated from  the  DOS  command  prompt
(rather than when inside most other programs).    In this  case,    some  of
the disk parameter values will appear as NONE or zeros.

The /q switch requests "quiet" installation of SDR when specified on the
DOS command line as described above.  When used inside SDR, it functions
just as it does in SD to generate "quick" output without user prompts.

The /r switch is normally used in SD to allow the program output  to  be
redirected to a file or to the printer. Since this function is performed
by the DOS command interpreter, it is  not  available  inside  a  memory
resident program.  The /r switch is used to remove SDR from memory (when
specified on the DOS command line to execute SDR), and is ignored  if it
is specified on the command line inside SDR.

The /w switch resets the screen to 25 lines after the execution  of  the
current command in SDR, NOT when SDR returns to the suspended program.

The /z switch is normally used in SD to cause the screen to be saved and
restored.  When specified on the SDR DOS command line, it suppresses the
activation message box.  If you often use the CTRL-C key  to  exit  from
SDR, you may wish to specify /z when installing SDR  so  that  you  have
more room to use on the screen.  The /z  switch  is  ignored  if  it  is
specified on the command line inside SDR.

The SD /$ switch, which is designed to facilitate the  operation  of  SD
when it is executed inside a DOS Batch file, is not implemented in SDR.

The EGA and VGA switches (/25, /35, /43, /50) should be used cautiously.
If you use an EGA or VGA video adaptor and wish  to  use  more    than  25
screen lines, make sure you select screen buffer type 2 (8000 bytes)  in
the configuration program.  Otherwise, only the first 25  lines  of  the
original screen will be restored.  Even so, it is recommended  that  you
reset the screen to its original size before returning to  the suspended
program, unless it is known to be able to tolerate this kind of  dynamic
video mode switching.

It should be kept in mind that SDR has several restrictions placed on it
which do not apply to the simpler  operating  environment  of  SD.  Even
though SDR can be activated from the DOS command prompt, you may  prefer
to use SD in this situation for the following reasons:

1) Previous screen output is more readily visible.

2) More directories and files can be processed.

3) Output may be redirected to a file or device.

4) Full disk parameter information for drives above
   C: is available when requested by the /i switch.

SDR should therefore not be viewed as a total replacement for SD, but as
a supplementary program which is available in more environments.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.2    Configuration

------------------------------------------------------------------------

The SDR program may be configured (using SDC) or  patched  (using DEBUG)
to change the various program defaults to  those  you  prefer.    The  SDC
program is preferred over DEBUG since it is much easier and safer to use
and allows you to decide which combination of screen colors you  prefer.
It also allows you to first configure the SD  program  for  the  default
switches and screen colors you prefer and to then transfer these  values
to the SDR program, without having to leave the  configuration    program.
You will then only have to configure the options  which  are  unique  to
SDR.  Run the DEMO2.BAT file to see some examples of the SDC program.

If you are using DEBUG, you will need to refer    to  the  section  titled
Patch Area Format in the SD.DOC file to obtain the necessary offsets and
data values.

Activation Key Specification

Great care should be taken  in    selecting  the    activation  or    hot  key
sequence.  It must be unique enough that it will never be needed for any
other purpose by any program you normally use.    This usually means  that
an ALT or CTRL key combination is the best choice.

For PC-AT style keyboards, the SysReq key cannot be used as  a    hot  key
since it is processed differently from    the  other  standard  keys.  The
new keys on enhanced 101 key keyboards such as F11 and F12  also  cannot
be used since they are processed differently by the ROM BIOS.

Hot Key Control Codes (select any combination from 0-15)

1 = Right Shift Key   4 = Ctrl Key
2 = Left Shift Key    8 = Alt Key

The default hot key control code is 4 (CTRL).

Hot Key Scan Codes (select any value from 0-255)

Escape         = 01     Home       = 71  Shift F1-F10      =  84- 93
1234567890-= = 02-13  Up Arrow       = 72  Ctrl  F1-F10      =  94-103
Back Space   = 14     Page Up       = 73  Alt   F1-F10      = 104-113
Tab         = 15     Left Arrow   = 75  Ctrl PrtSc      = 114
QWERTYUIOP[] = 16-27  Right Arrow  = 77  Ctrl Left Arrow  = 115
Enter         = 28     Keypad +       = 78  Ctrl Right Arrow = 116
ASDFGHJKL;'` = 30-41  End          = 79  Ctrl End         = 117
\ZXCVBNM,./  = 43-53  Down Arrow   = 80  Ctrl PgDn      = 118
*         = 55     Page Down    = 81  Ctrl Home      = 119
Space         = 57     Insert       = 82  Alt 1234567890-= = 120-131
F1-F10         = 59-68  Delete       = 83  Ctrl Pgup      = 132

The default hot key scan code is 1 (ESC).

Hot Key String

You may enter a character string of from 1 to 16 characters  which  will
be displayed as part of the program's installation message as a reminder
of the hot key sequence. The default hot key string is CTRL-ESCAPE Keys.
If you use DEBUG, make sure that the  string  is  padded  with    trailing
spaces through the 16th character,  if    necessary,  and  that  the  next
character is a NULL (hexadecimal 00).

Prompt Character Specification

The default prompt character (code 26, a graphics  right  arrow  symbol)
was chosen to be different from, but similar to the standard DOS command
line prompt character.    You may change it to any  standard  or    extended
ASCII character from 0-255.

SDR Memory Usage

Dir Buffer    Minimum     Default     Maximum
----------    -------     -------     -------
Bytes            512        1024        4096
Dirs             32          64         256

File Buffer    Minimum     Default     Maximum
-----------    -------     -------     -------
Bytes           2560       10240       40960
Files            102         409        1638
ARC Files         88         353        1412

Memory Usage    Minimum     Default     Maximum
------------    -------     -------     -------
Code & Data      16928       16928       16928
Dir Buffer        512        1024        4096
File Buffer       2560       10240       40960
Screen Buffer       4000        4000        8000
Total          24000       32192       69984

Buffer Size Specifications

The choice of the directory and file buffer size values is  based  on  a
trade-off  between minimizing the amount of memory used and allowing for
a reasonable number of directories  and  files.  Each  directory  buffer
entry uses a variable number of bytes from 4 to  70,  depending  on  the
length of the directory  name.    For  the  purposes  of    performing  some
calculations, we will assume an average  directory  name  length  of  13
characters, or 16 bytes per directory buffer  entry.  Each  file  buffer
entry uses 25 bytes per file or 29 bytes for files inside ARC files.

The default buffer sizes are 1024 bytes for about 64  directory  entries
and 10240 bytes for about 409 files/directory  or  353    files/ARC  file.
The directory buffer is only  used  when  processing  global directories
with the /g switch.  Its size may range from  512  to  4096  bytes.  The
file buffer is always used and contains all of the file and subdirectory
names for an individual directory or ARC file.    Its size may range  from
2560 to 40960 bytes.  The size of the resident code and  data  excluding
these two buffers is currently about 16928 bytes.  The    buffer    used  to
save the screen may be configured for either 4000  or  8000  bytes.  You
can therefore configure the program to use as little as  about    24Kb  of
memory or as much as about 68Kb.

The total memory used not including the screen buffer must be less  than
64Kb.  This limit is strictly enforced; you  will  receive  the  "Memory
error" message when installing SDR if the total configured  memory  size
exceeds this.  If you attempt  to  exceed  the    configured  buffer  size
limits when running the program, you will receive the "Too many dirs" or
"Too many files" message, and the resulting output will be incomplete.

The default screen buffer size is 4000 bytes.  This  is  sufficient  for
either a Monochrome or CGA equipped PC.  However, if you use an  EGA  or
VGA monitor and sometimes use more than 25 lines on the screen, you  may
wish to configure an 8000 byte screen buffer to allow for up to 50 lines
of 80 characters.  Failure to do this will result in only the  first  25
screen lines being restored.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.3    Error Messages

------------------------------------------------------------------------

The following error messages are displayed and system return  codes  set
for various conditions which may arise.  An audible tone is generated to
alert the user of severe errors.  The return codes may be  tested  using
the standard DOS IF ERRORLEVEL statement in a .BAT file.

No matching files (directory may be empty)
Bad switch (use /? for help information)
Bad drive (doesn't exist or syntax error)
Bad path (doesn't exist or syntax error)
Bad filespec (syntax error)
Bad date (too large or syntax error)
Too many dirs (buffer limit exceeded for /g)
Too many files (buffer limit exceeded)
Disk error (floppy disk may not be in drive)

0 - Removed (in response to /r switch)
1 - Already loaded (can't reload unless removed)
2 - Not loaded (can't remove unless loaded)
3 - Can't remove (interrupt vectors changed)
4 - Memory error (insufficient or (de)allocation problem)

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MICROSOFT and MS-DOS are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
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SideKick is a trademark of BORLAND International Corporation.
ARC is a trademark of SEA Corporation.

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