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CONTENTS 1. DESCRIPTION.......................................................... 2 2. EXIT STATUS.......................................................... 4 3. COMMANDS............................................................. 5 3.1 Interrupt Keys................................................. 9 4. NUMERIC PARAMETERS................................................... 10 5. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES................................................ 12 6. EXAMPLES............................................................. 15 7. IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY................................................ 16 7.1 LOCKUPS........................................................ 16 7.1.1 Insufficient Memory 16 7.1.2 Bad COMM Port Configuration 16 7.2 Incorrect Batch Files.......................................... 17 7.3 No Carrier Detect.............................................. 17 7.4 PKARC 3.6...................................................... 17 7.5 COMMAND NOT FOUND.............................................. 17 7.6 DOS 3.x........................................................ 17 7.7 Perstor Controllers............................................ 18 7.8 IBM PS/2 Model 50Z............................................. 18 7.9 Brain Damaged UARTS............................................ 18 7.9.1 Everex Internal Modems 18 7.10 Weird Iron..................................................... 19 7.11 Will the real YMODEM please stand up?.......................... 19 7.12 286 and 386 Extended Memory.................................... 19 8. BACKGROUND OPERATION................................................. 20 9. CALLING DSZ FROM COMM PROGRAMS....................................... 22 9.1 GT POWER 13.00/14.00........................................... 22 9.2 PROCOMM........................................................ 22 9.3 PROCOMM PLUS................................................... 22 9.4 Qmodem......................................................... 23 9.5 BULLETIN BOARDS................................................ 24 10. FLOW CONTROL......................................................... 25 11. ERROR MESSAGES....................................................... 26 11.1 Got ZRPOS...................................................... 27 11.2 Serial Input Error: Line Status Register xx ................... 28 12. ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS................................................. 29 13. FILES................................................................ 30 14. CHANGES.............................................................. 31 15. Other Omen Technology Products....................................... 34 16. FAIR PLAY............................................................ 35 16.1 Sharing DSZ Files.............................................. 35 16.2 REGISTRATION................................................... 36 16.3 Files on Registration Disk..................................... 37 16.4 Bulletin Board Registration.................................... 38 17. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..................................................... 40 DSZ - a ZMODEM, True YMODEM(TM), XMODEM File Transfer Program Chuck Forsberg Omen Technology Inc ABSTRACT ZMODEM - Not just another XMODEM hack The ZMODEM file transfer protocol provides reliable file and command transfers with complete END-TO-END data integrity between application programs. ZMODEM's 32 bit CRC protects against errors that sneak by "error free" modems and those that continue to sneak into the most advanced networks. ZMODEM safeguards all data and supervisory information with effective error detection. (XMODEM and many recently introduced protocols do not protect vital supervisory data!) ZMODEM rapidly transfers files, particularly with buffered (error correcting) modems, timesharing systems, satellite relays, and wide area packet switched networks. ZMODEM's streaming operation eliminates delays caused by Kermit/XMODEM/YMODEM/JMODEM block acknowledgements. ZMODEM eliminates the classic XMODEM/YMODEM/JMODEM PACKET LENGTH compromises between transfer efficiency and error recovery. ZMODEM's packet length is the entire file. User Friendliness is an important ZMODEM feature. ZMODEM AutoDownload (Automatic file Download initiated without user intervention) greatly simplifies file transfers compared to traditional protocols. DSZ's ZMODEM provides advanced file management features including two levels of Intelligent Crash Recovery, and flexible control of selective file transfers. Omen Technology's Professional-YAM Communications Tools also provide security verified command downloading. DSZ is one of many available programs that implement the ZMODEM file transfer protocol. DSZ - a ZMODEM, True YMODEM(TM), XMODEM File Transfer Program Chuck Forsberg Omen Technology Inc Omen Technology Incorporated The High Reliability Software 17505-V Northwest Sauvie Island Road Portland Oregon 97231 TeleGodzilla BBS: 503-621-3746 Speed 1200,2400,19200(Telebit PEP) FAX: 503-621-3735 Compuserve:70007,2304 GEnie:CAF UUCP: ...!tektronix!reed!omen!caf ************************************************************************* Registration bypasses the shareware announcement and unlocks the advanced features in all past and future versions of DSZ. You don't have to pay and pay for new versions, one registration and your modem "does it all"! ************************************************************************* Chapter 1 Pg 2 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 1. DESCRIPTION DSZ is a "protocol driver" that uses the ZMODEM, True YMODEM(TM), or XMODEM protocol to transfer files over a serial port with a variety of programs. ZMODEM Transfers feature 32 bit CRC, advanced file management, and Crash Recovery, ZMODEM Crash Recovery can be used to complete interrupted file transfers started with any protocol.[1] DSZ has two main commands for ZMODEM transfers: "sz" sends file(s), and "rz" receives them. When calling bulletin boards to download files with ZMODEM you can avoid the bother of starting DSZ for each transfer by calling DSZ first, before asking the BBS for the download. dsz t The "t" command allows you to keyboard the file request to the BBS. DSZ's ZMODEM AutoDownload then receives the file automatically, without any wasted keystrokes or delay. Try it, you'll like it! (The "t" command is described below.) YMODEM downloads are almost as easy. Use the "t" command as shown above, and hit the F3 key after telling the board to download a file with YMODEM. ZMODEM and True YMODEM(TM) transfers preserve exact file length and modification time. DSZ supports XMODEM-1k (XMODEM with 1024 byte blocks, sometimes mislabeled as ymodem) and CRC-16 with the sx -k and rc commands. DSZ is derived from Omen Technology's "Professional-YAM" high reliability communications tools (also known as PowerCom(TM)) and Omen Technology's ZCOMM User Supported COmmunications Software. DSZ supports a subset of Pro-YAM's file transfer related commands. This documentation makes extensive references to contemporary editions of the Pro-YAM or ZCOMM manual, and is incomplete without it. (Registered copies include an alternate, copyrighted file.) DSZ is usually called from a communications or bulletin board program. DSZ uses its own modem I/O. The original interrupt vector, UART parity, and interrupt configuration are restored on exit. The original state of the 8259 interrupt mask bit for this vector is also restored on exit. __________ 1. Provided the other protocol did not write false data to the file. Chapter 1 Pg 3 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 DSZ uses DOS standard output (stdout) for messages. It never writes directly to the screen. DSZ expects its standard output to point to the console, a logging file, or NUL, but never the modem port. If dsz's standard output is redirected to the modem (as with ProComm's Host mode DOS shell), the combination will lock up the computer. When necessary, dsz's standard output can be redirected back to the console device with the CON command. Users of pcAnywhere must use dsz's A command to disable pcAnywhere host mode during file transfers. Chapter 2 Pg 4 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 2. EXIT STATUS DSZ exits with 0 status for successful transfers, or the value of the Q parameter (default 1) if a file transfer failed, or if no files were transferred. Many languages and "door" programs do not return this information to the calling program. Some languages and "door" programs freak out (hang) on certain non-zero exit values. A batch file that calls DSZ directly may be used to detect the DSZ exit status with the DOS "errorlevel" construct. Please refer to the Q numeric parameter below for more information. DSZ's log file entries may also be examined to determine the success or failure of a file transfer. Chapter 3 Pg 5 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 3. COMMANDS dsz [A] [CON] [port N] [speed S] [handshake XX] [D] [d] command DSZ commands are an improper subset of Pro-YAM/PowerCom/ZCOMM commands. The file transfer commands are fully described in ZCOMMDOC.ARC, the ZCOMM User's Manual. Portions of the ZCOMM User's Manual are provided in DSZBG.ZOO, a Copyrighted file included with the DSZ registration disk. Please refer to one of those documents for details on the following commands. Chapter 3 Pg 6 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 *********************************************************** NOTE WELL Except as noted, all commands and options must be typed in lower case. DO NOT USE UPPER CASE!! Case is significant! *********************************************************** Optional commands or arguments are shown in square brackets []. When used (in any combination), the A, CON, port, speed, handshake, and d commands must be given in exactly that order. A Suspend pcAnywhere operation during file transfers. This is necessary to avoid lockups caused by pcAnywhere host mode. This command should be given to the program running under pcAnyehere host mode. EXAMPLE: C>dsz A sz *.foo Sends files from a pcAnywhere hosted machine to you. CON Redirect message output to the DOS "CON" (console) device, overriding any previous redirections. This is necessary to avoid lockups caused by Procomm host mode. Most programs do not require this hack. This command is unique to DSZ. estimate length [speed] Use the specified length and optional specified effective speed for the next receive file to be created. This command must come after any port, speed, or handshake commands. Please refer to DSZBG.ZOO or the ZCOMM User's manual for details. handshake XX Enable one of several choices of hardware handshake. (The default is XOFF/XON software handshake). This command is documented in the ZCOMM or Pro-YAM manual, and in DSZBG.DOC. (The ZCOMM manual is available on all bulletin boards registered for DSZ as ZCOMMDOC.ARC.) On DSZ the "handshake" command may be abbreviated to "ha". port N select port N (n = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, 10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18) Default is port 1 (COM1) or read from the DSZPORT dos environment variable. COM11 to COM18 refer to the COM1 to COM8 ports on the PS/2. In multitasking operation, accessing a port used by another running program may hang the machine. EXAMPLE: to use COM2: dsz port 2 rz portx ... Select arbitrary port address and interrupt vector. Please refer to DSZBG.ZOO or the ZCOMM or Professional-YAM manuals for information on this command. Chapter 3 Pg 7 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 speed S Set the specified speed. This command is rarely needed because DSZ reads the port's current speed by default. Please refer to the FLOW CONTROL, MAIN COMMANDS and SOFTWARE COEXISTENCE chapters in DSZBG.ZOO or the ZCOMM or Pro-YAM manual for important information about the speed command. D Disables the modem (drops Data Terminal Ready, DTR) if carrier is lost. This may be used to prevent spurious events (phone ringing) from interfering with the calling bulletin board's recovery from carrier loss. d Disables carrier dropout monitoring, for modems that do not properly drive the "Carrier Detect" input on the PC. If you see a No Carrier Detect message, you need to give the d command. LARG Convert ARG to lower case, then parse arg. o Turn off Data Terminal Ready (DTR), terminating ("offing") the connection if the modem responds to DTR. Useful with the "t" command to disconnect afterwards. EXAMPLE: dsz t o pxN Set a numeric parameter x to N. These parameters are mostly a subset of the Pro-YAM/ZCOMM numeric parameters, and are listed below. They assume their defaults each time DSZ is called. Without an argument, p displays the numeric parameters and their values. EXAMPLE: C>dsz p z pxN Set zmodem numeric parameter x to N. These parameters correspond to the Pro-YAM or ZCOMM "zmodem" parameters and rarely need changing. These parameters assume their defaults each time DSZ is called. Without an argument, z p displays the zmodem numeric parameters and their values. restrict Restrict pathnames to the current disk and directory tree, and disallow overwriting of existing files. When DSZ is restricted, it will refuse to transfer files containing the string autoexec.bat and command.com in upper or lower case. This provides some defense from malicious uploaded files. t [-8g] Talk with ZMODEM AutoDownload. The optional -8g (available on registered copies only) allows "BBS (ANSI) graphics". (A video device driver such as ANSI.SYS must be loaded to suppport some types of graphics.) A small subset of ZCOMM/Pro-YAM term function subcommands are recognized. Keyboard F1 or ALT-X to exit. F3 receives file(s) with True YMODEM(TM), ALT-P toggles parity between the 8n default and 8g (enables ANSI "graphics"). ALT-H toggles two local echo ("Half Duplex") modes; the second displays a newline (CR/LF) when Enter is keyboarded. Chapter 3 Pg 8 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 Keyboarded ASCII characters are sent to the modem. ALT-B sends a break. Modem characters print on the screen. A device driver such as ANSI.SYS may be used to recognize escape sequences. DSZ's ZMODEM AutoDownload detects the start of a ZMODEM file download and accepts the file(s) without operator intervention. rz [-abenprt+Yy] [dir] [file ...] (ZMODEM receive) ** rb [-abt+y] [dir] [file ...] (YMODEM receive) ** rb -g [-abt+y] [dir] [file ...] (YMODEM-g receive) ** rc [-abt+y] file1 (XMODEM/CRC receive) ro [-abt+y] file1 (XMODEM OverThruster receive) rx [-abt+y] file1 (XMODEM receive) rx -g [-abt+y] file1 (Qmodem-G receive) ** ** Download directory specification ignored w/o registration sz [-abefnprtYQS+y] [-w[N]] file ... (ZMODEM send) The "sz" and "sb" commands exploit DOS's tree structured file system. An "sz" command with no file specified sends all the files in the current directory. A directory or disk specifier expands to all files in that directory. sb [-ft] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=n] file ... (YMODEM, YMODEM-g send) sb -k [-ft] [PREFIX=p | ONAME=n] file ... (YMODEM-1k send) sx [-t] file1 (XMODEM, XMODEM/CRC, Qmodem-G send) sx -k [-t] file1 (XMODEM-1k send) v Verify the serial number by writing a log entry (see DSZLOG). v 1 0 bps 0 cps 0 errors 0 128 s/n 13027 The letter "v" indicates a verification entry. The first numeric field is 1 if YMODEM-g is supported. The last field is the serial number. Unregistered copies show a s/n of 0. The meanings of optional arguments to the file transfer commands are described in DSZBG.DOC and the ZCOMM/Pro-YAM manual. Chapter 3 Pg 9 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 The s (SlugBait) option prevents a receiver from receiving a file without accounting for it. Attempts to do so are flagged with a Q status in the log file. This option can cause a transfer that legitimately fails near the very end of the file to be reported as Questionable rather than ERROR. Send files may be specified indirectly: dsz sz @C:files.lst sends the files in C:files.lst. This provides another means of bypassing the DOS command line limit. The first letter must be "@" and the third letter must be ":" to distinguish this from an ordinary pathname. Pathnames in the indirect may be separated with any combination of space(s), tab(s), CR and/or LF. No spaces may appear inside a pathname; "FOO .BAR" won't work. 3.1 Interrupt Keys Ctrl-Break Terminates the transfer in progress. ALT-N Abruptly terminates (NUKES) the transfer in progress. Ctrl-X Typing a dozen Ctrl-X characters to another ZMODEM program terminates ZMODEM operations. ALT-F Skips the current file in ZMODEM transfers. ALT-B Cancels the current ZMODEM session. Chapter 4 Pg 10 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 4. NUMERIC PARAMETERS DSZ uses the following main numeric parameters, settable with the pxN command. EXAMPLE: C>dsz pQ0 In addition, DSZ uses the Pro-YAM/ZCOMM zmodem numeric parameters described in the Pro-YAM/ZCOMM reference manual and in DSZBG.DOC. B Set the size of buffer used for disk reads and writes. The default is 1024, 4096 maximum. If your copy of DSZ is running on a floppy disk system or a very slow turkey hard disk, a larger value may give better results. Too large a value may exhaust memory, induce receiver timeouts, cause disconnects(!), or generate spurious CRC errors. If performance logging doesn't work, this parameter is too big. This parameter is supported on versions compiled with TurboC. EXAMPLE: C>dsz pB4096 sz A:floppy.fil Setting the buffer size larger may lock out the performance log, DSZFILES, and/or indirect pathname list in the "tiny model" DSZ flavor. If you aren't bloody sure you need a bigger buffer, don't use one. O This parameter controls XMODEM OverThruster(TM). It is described in dszbg.doc. This file is part of the software package sent to paid registrants. P After a "speed" command, this displays the type of serial I/O UART chip detected. 0 Indicates a standard 8250 or 16450 UART with no special features. 1 Indicates an NS16550A with 16 deep receive buffering. This is the preferred chip. 2 Indicates an Intel 82510 with 3 deep receive buffering. The sequence "port 1 pP1 speed 19200" bypasses verification checks normally performed on the FIFO configuration and may allow a defective FIFO on certain chips to be used. Q Error code returned to DOS (default 1). (Success always returns 0.) Some programs toss cookies when confronted with certain exit codes. EXAMPLE: C>dsz pQ-1 sz foo.bar Chapter 4 Pg 11 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 S Timeout in seconds (default 15) waiting for restraint release (XON and/or handshake). W Wait for Enter key before exiting after an error. Effective on registered copies. Useful when calling DSZ from DESQview, allows the window to close unless there is an error message that should remain visible. a Calibrates certain protocol timeouts used with XMODEM and YMODEM transfers (Cybernetic Data Recovery(TM)). This parameter does not affect ZMODEM transfers. The a numeric parameter is automatically set to 2000 for a 4.77 mHz PC or XT, 4000 for a PS2/30, 6000 for an 8 mHz 1ws AT, and 12000 for a PS2/80. If your computer has a speedup card or otherwise runs unusually fast (or slow!) for its type, you may set the a numeric parameter to a value that reflects its speed. EXAMPLE: dsz port 2 pa4000 rb NOTE: Setting this parameter does not suppress the "Unknown Machine Type" message which is displayed before the command line is scanned. d A non zero value (the default) causes incoming files received with ZMODEM and full YMODEM transfers to have their Date set to that sent in the file header. ZMODEM's file management features depend on the transmission of each file's modification date. Files will have the same creation date, even if the two machines are in different time zones. When transferring files to/from a Unix system, creation dates are interpreted according to GMT or Universal Coordinated Time. File dating may be disabled with a pd0 command. NOTE: Backdating file creation times may confuse some backup programs. v Verbose level (debugging output) Negative values inhibit some routine messages. Setting v to 1 or greater causes serialized copies to ring the bell when a transfer is done. z Timezone in minutes behind GMT, used for ZMODEM and True YMODEM file transfers to coordinate the actual date of the file with computers in other time zones. Effective on registered copies. PDT or MST corresponds to 420. This may be preset with the ZONE DOS environment variable. Chapter 5 Pg 12 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 5. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES The following DOS environment variables may be set to modify DSZ operation. DOS environment variables are set by giving a command to DOS. EXAMPLE: set DPORT=2 These commands may be placed in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file or given just before you run your communications program. IMPORTANT! Do not put spaces in these commands!! set DSZPORT = 2 WILL NOT WORK! DIRRX (Registered copies only.) Specifies the directory to receive (download) files. If the sting in DIRRX ends with "/", directory and/or disk designators in the incoming pathname are stripped, and only the stem (name and extension) is used. Otherwise, if an incoming file has an absolute pathname, the incoming pathname is used. EXAMPLE: set DIRRX=C:/rxdir/ EXAMPLE: set DIRRX=B:/ The DOS "set" command defining the receive directory may be placed in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file. Make certain there is enough environment space to hold this value. Confirm this by typing "set" to the DOS prompt and verifying the DIRRX value is listed correctly. DSZFILES May contain a list of up to 9999 pathnames to transmit, with entries separated by spaces. If present, DSZFILES is used in place of a normal command line list of files to send with the sb and sz commands. EXAMPLE: C>set DSZFILES=file1 file2 file3 *.c C>dsz port 2 handshake on sz -r In practice, this string would be built up by a calling program and passed to DSZ with a "spawnvpe", "execvpe", or similar subroutine call. SEE ALSO: Pathname list specification @C:files.lst DSZLOG log file to receive entries for files sent and received. (Default null). Sample entries: Z 46532 38400 bps 3324 cps 0 errors 66 1024 DSZ.COM 1177 Z 124087 19200 bps 1880 cps 0 errors 6 1024 MXY.TMP 1177 Transfer times are based on the DOS time of day clock and have one second Chapter 5 Pg 13 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 jitter. As with all protocol throughput reports generated by Omen Technology programs (and contrary to the false claims of some critics), DSZ's throughput figures for ZMODEM, Kermit, and True YMODEM(TM) transfers do not take "credit" for pathname and/or protocol overhead characters. DSZ's throughput reports do not include the time required to send the pathname. This understates the true time required to transfer files, but the time required to send the pathname often depends on the alacrity of the operator, and thus does not always reflect the performance of the protocol itself. Transfers measuring less than one second are reported as having 9999 characters per second throughput. The unlabeled numeric field after the error (retry) count is the number of flow control stoppages encountered sending the file. This number gives an indication of flow control restrictions (overloaded networks, etc.) encountered during the transfer. The last numeric field before the file name is the YMODEM block size or ZMODEM subpacket length used for the last block in the file. The last field is the serial number of the other program, or -1 if this information is not available. The code letter indicates the type of transfer, Z (ZMODEM), S (X/YMODEM), R (X/YMODEM), E (error), or L (transfer terminated by loss of data carrier). WARNING: If DSZ encounters a loss of carrier or other fatal error condition before a file COMMENCES transmission, a log entry will not be made. EXAMPLE: C>set DSZLOG=C:/yam/dszlog Chapter 5 Pg 14 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 DSZOPT (Paid Registered copies only) String containing default options for DSZ file transfers. Options are optional modifiers to the DSZ sz, rz, sx, rx, sb, rb commands. An 8n may be appended to the string to make BBS (ANSI) graphics the default for DSZ's t command. The ability to preset these options is especially helpful for controlling ZMODEM automatic downloads from DSZ's t command. EXAMPLE: C>set DSZOPT=r Enables DSZ's Intelligent Crash Recovery(TM) as a default. Let's say you wish ZMODEM crash recovery, and BBS "graphics" for the DSZ term function: C>set DSZOPT=r8g WARNING: Do NOT include "ena" or any other commands in the DSZOPT string. With the exception of the "8g" mode, only **options** may be placed in the DSZOPT string! (Options are the letters that modify the sz, rz, sb, etc. commands. In "rz -r", "r" is an option.) MAXBYTES Maximum number of bytes allowed for transfer. If this number is exceeded, DSZ skips the offending files (ZMODEM) or aborts remaining files in the batch (YMODEM). DSZPORT Default communications port override, default 1. EXAMPLE: C>set DSZPORT=2 IMPORTANT! NO SPACES!! ZONE sets the z numeric parameter to the number of minutes the current local time lags GMT time. PDT or MST corresponds to 420. PST corresponds to 480. This environment variable has no effect on unregistered DSZ copies. EXAMPLE: C>set ZONE=420 Chapter 6 Pg 15 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 6. EXAMPLES dsz sz c:foo.* b:*.c (send files with ZMODEM) dsz sz -Z *.lst (send files with compression) dsz sz -r yzmodem.arc (CRASH RECOVERY: resume interrupted transfer) dsz rz -r (CRASH RECOVERY: resume interrupted transfer) dsz handshake both sz yzmodem.arc (Hardware+Software handshake) dsz sz -n *.* (send files that are newer or rx has no copy) dsz sz -Yn *.* (Only send files that are newer than receiver's copy) (Do not send files that do not exist on receiver's disk) dsz rz C:/UPLOADS (receive files to specified directory #) dsz port 2 speed 38400 restrict rz dsz rz -y prog.arc (ZMODEM, single file pathname override) dsz z pr1 rx foo.dat (XMODEM receive, remove file if error) dsz pO60 ro foo.dat (XMODEM/OverThruster receive, GEnie MNP #) DSZ LRC L-Y NEWPROG.ARC (generate lower case "rc -y" command) dsz pv2 sz foo >debug.dmp (Debugging data dump) dsz sz @C:/bbs/files.lst (Indirect file list) # Paid registered copies only Chapter 7 Pg 16 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 7. IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY If you have difficulty getting DSZ to work, start with the following command to DSZ, given directly from the DOS prompt, without running any TSR or other COMM program: dsz port 1 speed 2400 d t (Change the port number and speed as necessary.) This connects you to the modem. Dial a bulletin board by typing AT commands to the modem ("ATDP621-3746"). Log in as usual. Then, request a ZMODEM download of a file you don't already have. The file will download automatically, you don't have to do anything. This procedure verifies the correct operation of DSZ. 7.1 LOCKUPS 7.1.1 Insufficient Memory DSZ complains when it detects insufficient memory to operate. When calling DSZ from another program, there may be ALMOST enough memory for proper operation, but DSZ locks up during a transfer or the calling program freezes after DSZ displays the "DSZ Finished" message. Sometimes there is a message about insufficient memory, sometimes just a lockup and no message. To verify this problem, call CHKDSK from within your comms program (not from DOS!) by defining it as an external protocol. If you use an interface program (Hotkeyz, Prodoor, etc.), you must call CHKDSK from that program, as those programs also reduce the memory available to DSZ. CHKDSK should report at least 64k free memory. If less memory is reported, reduce the size of the capture buffer, reboot the system with fewer/smaller device drivers and TSR programs. Calling DSZ directly from the comms program instead of from an interface also saves memory. 7.1.2 Bad COMM Port Configuration DSZ is fastidious about which interrupt vectors it takes over. Unlike some COMM programs, DSZ uses only the correct interrupt vector for its interrupt service routine. DSZ obtains and releases this vector with standard DOS function calls. This allows multi line operation under DESQview and other multitasking systems. Incorrectly configured serial ports that work with programs that pig out both IRQ3 and IRQ4, will lock up with DSZ. If DSZ locks up the machine as soon as it tries to send or receive data, this is usually the fault. Make sure the comm port is strapped correctly; COM1 uses IRQ4, COM2 uses IRQ3. DSZ will lock up if the comm port is not properly set up. In addition, DSZ will not work properly if two devices are connected to the same IRQ line, even when some other programs (that don't use interrupts as intensively) do work normally on the same machine. Chapter 7 Pg 17 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 7.2 Incorrect Batch Files Incorrect batch files are the number one source of problems using DSZ for downloads. DSZ's command line echo was added to assist in correcting defective batch files. Try running DSZ by itself, without any batch files or TSR programs, calling it directly from DOS as described above. 7.3 No Carrier Detect If you see a No Carrier Detect message, and you haven't lost the connection, you need to give the d command: dsz port 1 speed 2400 d t Better yet, correct your modem cable to allow proper operation of the Carrier Detect signal (CD)! Some BBS and/or "door" programs hang when the program (such as DSZ) they call returns with a non 0 exit status. Please refer to the "EXIT STATUS" chapter of the document for more information. 7.4 PKARC 3.6 It has been reported that PK36 grabs some interrupts and doesn't restore them on exit in an attempt to prevent hacks of the program. Since eliminating that particular version and cleaning up memory, highspeed xfers even with 8250 UARTS work properly again. The problem with PK 3.6 appears to be most severe if a BBS operator has doorware, etc that accesses the PK programs from a shell of some sort. This info may be helpful to users who are having otherwise inexplicable file xfer problams. Phil Katz has written me that this problem has been corrected in subsequent versions. 7.5 COMMAND NOT FOUND If you see this message, make sure DSZ is in the DOS PATH. Sometimes this error is caused by having too many environment variable strings. 7.6 DOS 3.x DOS 3.x systems may need to have a "STACKS = 8,256" line in CONFIG.SYS to prevent antisocial behavior. This is required on the NEC Multispeed, or if certain TSR's are used. Chapter 7 Pg 18 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 7.7 Perstor Controllers Several reports have been received indicating Perstor disk controllers interfere with data comunications. Perstor is reportedly working on a fix. 7.8 IBM PS/2 Model 50Z Early samples of this machine have a design error on the motherboard that causes comms programs to lock up the machine. Replacing the motherboard with a correctly functioning unit from current production corrects the problem. The part number of the replacement PS2/50 Z motherboard is 35F5928. (Information provided by John M. Choma 73047,3566) U.S. IBM has stonewalled on this issue, but in December 1988 agreed to replace the defective motherboards under warranty. 7.9 Brain Damaged UARTS Omen Technology has received reports of problems with defective 8250 type UART integrated circuits in Leading Edge modem boards, serial port interfaces, and computers. The defective chip logic affects high performance software. Replacing the buggy chip with a newer chip (16450 or NS16550AN) corrects the problem. The UM82450 chip in the Zoom 2400HC also appears to cause problems. The NS16550AN is a pin compatible plug in replacement for 8250 and 16450 serial chips. 386 and fast 286 machines should use the NS16550AN for best results.) Arrow Electronics at 800-932-7769 (516-467-1000) sells National NS16550AN chips mail order (credit card) in small quantities. PC BRAND at 800-722-7263 (in Illinois 312-226-5200) is selling I/O cards in which both UARTs are socketed, allowing them to be replaced by NS16550AN devices. Shipping and handling is included in their $45 price. (From Roger E. Hough) 7.9.1 Everex Internal Modems Numerous reports have been received concerning difficulties with Everex modem cards. Some of these cards contain buggy 8250 chips which are not up to the demands of full duplex streaming protocols such as ZMODEM. Replacing the buggy 8250 chip with a 16450 (or better yet NS16550AN) chip corrects these problems. Chapter 7 Pg 19 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 7.10 Weird Iron A few machines, some with V20 CPUs, don't like DSZ.COM. We have not been able to repeat this; TeleGodzilla (using a V20) runs DSZ.COM without a hitch. Switching to DSZ.EXE has cleared up the problems on other machines. 7.11 Will the real YMODEM please stand up? Some XMODEM programs claiming to support YMODEM do not send or accept the YMODEM pathname block. 1024 byte XMODEM is XMODEM-1k, not YMODEM as defined by Ward Christensen in 1985 when he coined the word. 1987 and later versions of YMODEM.DOC remind the reader of the official YMODEM definition, which has not changed since YMODEM's coinage in 1985. 7.12 286 and 386 Extended Memory Virtual memory disk caches and ramdisks using 80286 or 80386 extended memory require a kluge hardware reset of the CPU chip to return to the normal "real mode" after accessing extended memory. This interference to the interrupt response time causes lost characters on comm ports, and may be minimized by specifying shorter memory transfers. Switching to a National NS16550AN UART chip helps tremendously, allowing transfers at 115200 bps instead of 9600 bps with a standard 8250. Please refer to the subchapter on "Brain Damaged UARTs". Chapter 8 Pg 20 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 8. BACKGROUND OPERATION Three DESQview description files are provided to demonstrate background operation with modest (66 kb window) memory requirements. DSZ uses tight C/ASM code, table driven CRC generators, and buffered receive and transmit for good performance in the background without hogging CPU cycles. On a QIC Labs 8 mHz PC-AT clone, DSZ can download files in the background (3 background clock ticks, 9 foreground clock ticks) with a throughput better than 9600 bps. 2S Prompts for file name(s) and sends them with ZMODEM protocol. File: 2S- PIF.DVP 2T Talks to the modem and allows manual YMODEM (F3) or automatic ZMODEM downloads. File: 2T-PIF.DVP 2A Like 2T, but using Quarterdeck's dvansi.com memory resident ANSI CRT device driver to process ANSI screen codes. File: 2A-PIF.DVP DS.BAT is the batch file used by 2A. These files are written for a port 2 local connection and \TMP directory, but may be modified to suit your requirements using the DESQview CP command. The W numeric allows DESQview to close the window after DSZ finishes, providing a pleasant user interface. Other DVPs, Scripts, and Batch files are available on the DESQView conference on the Sound of Music as DVDSZ20Z.ARC. Operation at high speed (above 9600 bps) may require the DESQview "Optimize communications" performance Advanced Setup option. Newer versions of DESQview may require more "common memory" allocation (6-8 k bytes) to operate with DSZ. Somce versions of DESQview do not operate properly with DSZ; DESQview 2.0 is known to work, and DESQview 2.25 is reported to have fized bugs in intermediate versions. On 286 machines, some DESQview operations involve swapping memory contents with buffers in extended memory. As with extended memory ramdisks and disk caches, this does a number on high speed communications. The considerations discussed in the "286 and 386 Extended Memory" subchapter apply here. Since this DESQview extended memory swapping is asynchronous with respect to DSZ's file transfers, "handshake slow" doesn't help. The solution is to force DESQview's memory swaps to use smaller blocks (with interrupts allowed between blocks) and/or use NS16550AN chips for the serial interface. *********************************************************** WARNING When running DSZ under a multi tasking system such as DESQview, do not allow two programs to access the same comm port at the same time. At best, such actions will disrupt communications. At worst, your computer will attempt to open a subspace channel to V'ger. Chapter 8 Pg 21 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 When running a comm program under DESQview or any related multitasking executive, DSZ must be called directly from the comm program, in the same window. DO NOT open a separate window for DSZ unless you were about to power down the computer anyway. *********************************************************** Chapter 9 Pg 22 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 9. CALLING DSZ FROM COMM PROGRAMS It may be necessary to give a SET COMSPEC=A:\COMMAND.COM (change as needed) in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file to allow programs to call DSZ. Note: NO SPACES in the SET command! 9.1 GT POWER 13.00/14.00 GT Power version 13/14 includes a YMRX.BAT (YMODEM-g receive) file with an "rz" command. You guessed it, "rz" is for ZMODEM protocol (the z means ZMODEM!). Please change the file to use the correct "rb -g" for YMODEM-g. The files ZMTX.ARC and GT1300.NOT available on many bulletin boards contain useful information for GT Power users. 9.2 PROCOMM DSZ may not operate properly when called from Procomm if Procomm has files open at the time. A number of reports have been received of problems running DSZ from Procomm Plus because of insufficient memory. Please refer to the subchapter on LOCKUPS. When running under ProComm's Host mode, failure to use the DSZ CON command may cause Procomm to lock up the computer, or at least interfere with file transfers, etc. EXAMPLE: DSZ CON sz %1 The POE, PCALL, DSZ_ZAP, and PROZ programs have been popular in interfacing DSZ to Procomm's editor gateway. Hint: the DOS PATH environment variable must include Procomm's directory to allow POE to locate all the POE files,. The POE files should be stored in the Procomm directory. Setting the "PROCOMM" environment variable is insufficient. 9.3 PROCOMM PLUS DSZ may not operate properly when called from Procomm if Procomm has files open at the time. Here are some handy settings for Procomm Plus. First, set the DOS environment as necessary before running Procomm. Give Chapter 9 Pg 23 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 these commands to DOS before running Procomm. Note: NO SPACES in the SET command! SET DSZPORT=2 (Only needed for COM2) SET DSZLOG=DSZ.LOG (Only if you wish a log file) Then set Procomm's external protocol strings to: A- External protocol 1 upload filename: ZMODEMU B- External protocol 1 download filename: ZMODEMD The following batch files are included in the DSZ archive: ZMODEMU.BAT contains: DSZ sz %1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 ZMODEMD.BAT contains: DSZ rz ZMODEMDR.BAT contains: DSZ rz -r ZMODEMAD.BAT contains: DSZ t Once you've got the hang of things the "Procomm way", try the "dsz t" command described above to give you automatic ZMODEM downloads (Look Ma, no keystrokes!!!).. 9.4 Qmodem The following is based on a message from Mike Cody, sysop of HomePlate 313- 385-9969 3/12/24/96 HST Go into Qinstall and go to frame 3 Directories. Then select External protocols #3 I think. Now you will see a definition area to tell Qmodem the Letter,batchfile combo to use. Now put Z in the letter definition, Zup.bat in the u/l batch zdown.bat in the d/l batch, and Y in the btch protocol. Now save it at the menu with f10 and S. Then go to DOS and create the following batch files in your Qmodem directory... Zdown.bat: DSZ port %2 speed %1 rz -r Zup.bat: DSZ port %2 speed %1 sz %3 These are the batch files that will be called by Qmodem. If uou did everthing right when uoy hit PGDN or PGUP you will see an external protocol called Z) Zmodem in the box. For an easier time do a serch for either External.arc or maybe the string "Qmodem" in the file database as there is a file with several external prootcols and batch files available in the Mahoney file section (EXEC BBS). Chapter 9 Pg 24 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 9.5 BULLETIN BOARDS When installing DSZ on a bulletin board or host system, be sure to check for proper operation when the caller hangs up while a file is being sent or received. Currently, Only the TurboC version supports file sharing (shared read access on files sent by dsz). Some bulletin board interface routines do not call DSZ to send a file until they have verified the file's presence by opening the file. If this checking is done in DOS's default exclusive open mode, dsz's file sharing will be defeated. Chapter 10 Pg 25 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 10. FLOW CONTROL If you plan to send files over Telenet (PC-Pursuit), you must refer to the Pro-YAM or ZCOMM Reference manual (in ZCOMMDOC.ARC) FLOW CONTROL chapter for vital information on flow control considerations necessary for proper operation of ZMODEM and other streaming protocols. Chapter 11 Pg 26 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 11. ERROR MESSAGES COM2 1200 bps Carrier Detect enabled Handshake slow Command line = (commands) This is a normal message displayed to help resolve problems with incorrect batch files. The port number, speed, carrier detect ("enabled" or "DISABLED") and "handshake" indicate the selected mode of operation. DSZ FINISHED! exit code = 0 This is DSZ's normal exit when no unrecoverable errors have been detected. If an error such as failed file transfer had been detected, the exit code would be 1, or the value set in the Q numeric parameter. As the message implies, DSZ has done all of its processing, and has return the communications port and vector to its original value before displaying this message. If the computer locks up after this message is displayed, there's something wrong with the program that called DSZ, not with DSZ itself. Unknown Machine Type XX, 'a' parameter preset to 6000 indicates a ROM BIOS that does not follow the IBM specification for identifying the machine type. If your computer causes DSZ to display this message, you may set the a numeric parameter described elsewhere in this document. This message is generated before any commands are read, so do not be alarmed when you "discover" that setting the a parameter doesn't make this message go away. The a parameter does not affect ZMODEM transfers. Please send us a postcard or letter indicating the reported hex value for machine Type, name of the computer, and its speed so we can include that machine type in a future release. Need more memory to run DSZ or Abnormal program termination is displayed by the TurboC startup routine if DSZ is run in too small a memory partition. If you see this message, use a larger memory partition for DSZ or remove some memory resident programs. This message may also appear if the calling program fails to free memory before calling DSZ. No Carrier Detect is displayed when DSZ recognizes a loss or lack or carrier detect signal from the modem. This is caused by a line disconnect, defective cable, or incorrect modem strapping. It may be disabled with the d command. Sometimes this is caused by setting the B parameter to too large a value. Garbage Count Exceeded Indicates ZMODEM has not detected a valid start of header in a reasonable number of characters. If DSZ becomes "stuck" on emitting this messages, it is possible the sending program may not be able to recognize and act upon transmission requests (ZROPS headers). The sending program should be corrected. In the meantime, setting a ZMODEM packet length with the "zmodem pl4096" command forces the sender to wait for the receivers' progress reports. Permission denied comes from the Microsoft C Library. This may be caused by Chapter 11 Pg 27 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 attempts to modify a read only file or directory, or create a file in a nonexistient directory. A furtive flashing appearance of XOFF or FLOW during ZMODEM or YMODEM-g file sending signifies DSZ is responding to flow control restraint. This is normal operation when buffered modems or packet switched networks are used. ZMODEM's robustness and reliability allow creative users to transfer files over unusual multiple computer lash-ups, causing modem data lights and computer status displays to dance in unfamiliar rhythms. 11.1 Got ZRPOS Got ZRPOS indicates the receiving program has detected a transmission error and has requested retransmission. In other words, ZMODEM is doing its job of detecting and correcting missing and garbled data. If this happens more often than observed line errors would indicate is reasonable, there may be a flow control problem in one of four areas: + Between the sending program and its modem. If using an interface speed higher than the transmission speed, or modem to modem error correction (MNP, LAPB, PEP, etc.), check that the modem and the sending program are configured for the same flow control methods. Omen Technology's software is faster than most other programs, and may expose flow control problems not seen with slower software. + Between the sending modem and the network. Correcting this requires "handshake both" to allow the sending program to honor both hardware (CTS) flow control from the modem and software flow control (XON/XOFF) from the network. + Between parts of the network. + Between the receiving modem and the receiving program. This can happen at high transmission speeds when the receiver has specified a large I/O buffer size with the B numeric parameter. Excessive interrupt latency from extended memory ramdisks or disk caches, and poorly written hard disk drivers also wreak havoc on streaming protocols but do not affect start-stop protocols (XMODEM, etc.). To correct these problems, give the "handshake slow" command to the receiver. Byte NNNN retry M: <error message> These messages appear when the protocol has detected an error and is attempting to retransmit the garbled data. These are normal messages. Chapter 11 Pg 28 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 11.2 Serial Input Error: Line Status Register xx Serial Input Error: Line Status Register HH indicates a slow device driver, TSR program, or other software is disabling interrupts too long for the program to accept incoming data, and some characters are lost. A slow response to folow control also triggers this message. The value of the line status register is displayed in HEX. The following error conditions when present OR into the Line Status Register. 01 The Interrupt level circular buffer has been overrun. The remote did not respond to 's XOFF or hardware flow control, and continued to send characters after being told not to. This problem is alleviated by correct modem flow control configuration. 02 Data Overrun is caused by firmware, TSR programs, EGA/VGA board auto- select, or operating system software locking out interrupts for excessive periods. Often, interrupt latency caused by EGA/VGA board auto-select can be corrected by disabling auto-select. Other chapters in this document give additional suggestions for correcting excessive interrupt latency, primarily the handshake slow command and the NS16550AN UART chip. Please refer to the "Brain Damaged UARTS" subchapter. 08 Framing Error generally caused by line noise or an incorrect transmission speed or format (number of bits). Most protocols require 8 bits no parity for proper operation. This is set automatically by Omen Technology programs, but other programs may not be so smart. 10 Break Interrupt generally caused by line noise or an incorrect transmission speed or format (number of bits). 18 Break Interrupt and Framing Error (see above) in combination. Please refer to the In Case of Difficulty chapter of this document for solutions. Less commonly encountered DSZ error messages are explained in the Pro-YAM manual. Chapter 12 Pg 29 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 12. ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS Consult the Professional-YAM, PowerCom, or ZCOMM manual chapter "OPTIONS FOR FILE TRANSFERS" for descriptions of the file transfer options. The "FILE TRANSFER BASICS" chapter explains the relative merits of XMODEM, YMODEM, ZMODEM, and other protocols and gives tips on their use. The "MAIN COMMANDS" chapter describes the rb, rx, rc, rz, sb, and sz commands. The "MODEM INTERFACING" and "FLOW CONTROL" chapters contain important information on the use of buffered modems with DSZ. Information on the ZMODEM Inter Application File Transfer Protocol may be found in ZMODEM.DOC, part of YZMODEM.ARC (available on TeleGodzilla). C Source code for XMODEM, YMODEM, and ZMODEM transfers is included in RZSZ.ZOO. This file includes a Pro-YAM/ZCOMM script to upload a bootstrap file to a Unix system, force its compilation, and (if the compilation is successful) upload the rz/sz source files. The C source code now includes VAX/VMS support. Chapter 13 Pg 30 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 13. FILES 2S-PIF.DVP, 2A-PIF.DVP, DS.BAT, 2T-PIF.DVP DSZ.COM, and DSZ.DOC constitute Omen Technology's DSZ.ARC. 2S-PIF.DVP, 2A-PIF.DVP, DS.BAT, and 2T-PIF.DVP are only used with Quarterdeck Office Systems' DESQview multitasking executive for background operation. Their use is described in a previous chapter of this document. ZCOMMDOC.ARC (manual), ZCOMMEXE.ARC (programs), ZCOMMHLP.ARC (help processor and database), ZCOMM communications tools. The ZCOMM files are available on finer bulletin boards. YZMODEM.ARC (available on TeleGodzilla) contains XMODEM, YMODEM, and ZMODEM Protocol Descriptions. RZSZ.ZOO contains ZMODEM "C" source code. (COMPLETE VAX VMS and Unix/Xenix programs). DSZ.EXE compiled with the Xenix to DOS XC provides moderately higher maximum throughput (1700 vs 1300 cps downloading to a 4.77 mHz XT). The speed difference is a function of the compiler, the source code is the same. The Xenix XC version requires more memory, and does not support file sharing or a large I/O buffer. This version is available in DSZEXE.ZOO. ZCOMM and Pro-YAM also run at a higher speed than DSZ.COM. DSZBG.ZOO contains DSZBG.DOC. Part of the DSZ registration disk (and not for public distribution), this file provides background information on the ZCOMM/Pro-YAM commands provided in DSZ. LOOZ.EXE unpacks .ZOO archives. LOOZ.DOC describes LOOZ.EXE. The ZOO archive format is a machine independent improvement on the PC-DOS specific .ARC format. Chapter 14 Pg 31 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 14. CHANGES Be sure to save your serial number/password (SNP) card and the putsnp program you received from Omen to use with future versions of DSZ you may download! The current DSZ version is maintained on GEnie, EXEC-BBS, CompuServe as well as TeleGodzilla. A problem in the 1/17/89 and 2/2/89 versions corrupts files under unusual circustances. Please delete all instances of the 1/17/89 and 2-02-89 version. A reminder: the -Z option is effective only when it is given to the sending program. If you use PREFIX= or ONAME= with the "sb" or "sz" commands, these pathnames must be entered in lower case unless the underlying file system supports upper AND lower case. This version introduces ZMODEM variable length headers of up to 16 bytes information field instead of the previous fixed 4. Selection of variable length header capability is automatic and downward compatible. Variable length headers allow future extensions to ZMODEM's capabilities. ZMODEM Crash Recovery now understands the -rr option to compare the CRC-32 of the assumed common file segment before continuing an incomplete file transfer. The "zmodem R" numeric parameter may be set to limit the number of bytes in the files that are compared; the default R value of 0 allows all of the file to be compared, an R value up to 32000 (up to 2 billion on 32 bit flavors) limits the comparision to the first R bytes of the two files. The ZMODEM -rr option is supported by Omen Tech versions April 18 1989 and later. When ZMODEM Crash Recovery detects incompatible source and destination file contents, the destination file is now truncated to zero length before proceeding with the transfer. Crash Recovery requires the destination file to be no longer than the source file. Error reporting on unregistered copies has been enhanced to point the user to solutions described in the relevant chapters in DSZ.DOC. BBS registred copies (serial numbers 8000-8999 and 20000-23999) are now fully featured except for YMODEM-g. 3-18-89 In order to work around a bug in the new TCOMM bbs, DSZ now defaults to "handshake on" if the speed is greater than 2400 and the clear to send signal is high when DSZ selects the comm port. The "o" command has been added to disconnect the modem after a terminal session: "dsz t o" disconnects the modem when the terminal session is completed. The "P" (capital P) numeric parameter (q.v.) has been added to display and control the UART fifo on some clone chips. Chapter 14 Pg 32 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 BBS registrations portmarked after Feb 28 1989 must be accompanied by a paid DSZ registration. The free program expired Feb 28 1989. Outside help has been hirred to process and verify applications received under that program. 2-23-89 The term function now sends BREAK in response to the ALT-B key. Handling of the Ctrl-Break vector has been changed so an untimely keyboarded Ctrl-C or Ctrl-Break will not hang DOS. 2-15-89 DIRRX is enabled for BBS registrations (8xxx numbers). Logic has been added to simulate transmit interrupts on chips that have problems in this area. The "A" command does not require registration. An interaction between ONAME= or PREFIX= and the file count display has been removed. Time/date conversion routines have been enhanced to deal with files with missing dates. The "v" command has been added to allow bbs programs to interrogate DSZ's serial number. 2-06-89 A spurious error message at the completion of YMODEM downloads with a download directory specified on the command line has been eliminated. 2-05-89 DSZ now returns a non 0 status unless at least one file has been transferred. An inappropriate pathname/disk specifier check on specified download directories has been removed. Previous versions: Added the "A" command to prevent pcAnywhere host mode from locking up DSZ. SlugBait logic has been simplified, reporting any failed file transfer where any of the last 1K of the file was sent with Q status. Introduced ZMODEM RLE compression with the -Z option. (DSZ copies with paid registration also accept "Z" in the DSZOPT environment variable.) ZMODEM RLE compression packs runs of the same character in two or three character sequences. Compression is useful for screen dumps, uncompressed workspaces, compiler listings, and other files rich with strings of repeated characters, but not .ARC and compressed files to more than 1000 per cent (10x speedup!) for the Personal Computing text file benchmark(!). When sending to programs that do not support ZMODEM compression, the -Z option is ignored. The -Z option is effective when specified to the sending program only. Good news for tired frog stompers! The ZMODEM rz/sz programs are now available in a VMS C flavor. The VAX/VMS source files are contained in the RZSZ.ARC (RZSZ.ZOO) archive file. "Handshake slow" has been added to disable the RTS signal to the modem while writing to disk, even if the interrupt buffer is not chock full of bytes. This should help systems with excessive interrupt latency on disk writes. Setting the v (verbose) parameter to 1 or greater causes serialized copies to ring the bell when a transfer is done. DSZ.DOC has been extensively rewritten and reorganized. DSZ now supports the Chapter 14 Pg 33 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 advanced buffering of the National NS16550AN and Intel 82510 serial interface devices. Please refer to the subchapter on "Brain Damaged UARTs". Pirated/hacked versions of DSZ have cost users and DSZ's developer thousands of dollars in lost time and other expenses, in addition to injuring the reputation of Omen Technology and its products. Regrettably, Omen Technology cannot support prior versions of DSZ because of this piracy. Name Length Date Time CRC dsz.com 54812 Crunched 17% 46039 19 Apr 89 2:57p 51d7 dsz.exe 55580 Crunched 17% 46461 19 Apr 89 2:56p 8460 PKZIP -vt 32 bit CRC: F960ADFA 54812 dsz.com PKZIP -vt 32 bit CRC: 04CD1101 55580 dsz.exe Your copy of DSZ should show this information as provided by arc v dsz or pkxarc -v dsz lharc v dsz or pkzip -vt dsz ARC, and LHARC use a 16 bit CRC, ZIP uses a 32 bit CRC compatible with the Professional-YAM or ZCOMM "arc" command. If your copy shows a different CRC or file length, insist on a legitimate copy and report the source of the bogus/pirated copy to Omen Technology Inc. Omen Technology has received reports of serious problems caused by unauthorized patches to DSZ, and cannot assume liability for the performance of the resultant code. Chapter 15 Pg 34 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 15. Other Omen Technology Products Omen Technolgy makes Professional-YAM, a comphrensive comms program with unmatched power. Flavors are available for PC-DOS, Unix, Xenix, and OS/2 Protected mode. ZCOMM is a full featured shareware version with a $40.00 basic registration. Registered DSZ users upgrading to ZCOMM get a free binder! Chapter 16 Pg 35 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 16. FAIR PLAY Unlike snazzy menu interfaces, reliable high speed transfer protocols take many hours of testing, often over expensive phone connections, to develop. Two decades of communications experience and protocol testing are distilled in DSZ. DSZ is a user supported program developed and supported by Chuck Forsberg, owner of Omen Technology. Countless hours of work and expen$ive resources went to develop and support DSZ for the myriad environments users use it in. The fact that most of the problems people encounter with DSZ are caused by other software, hardware problems, failure to read the supplied documentation, or pirating has not kept users from seeking and getting help, even if it means calling the author in the middle of his sleep. Beyond this, the world of communications is constantly evolving, and it requires a significant ongoing effort to keep DSZ and its documentation up to date with the current state of the art. Individuals with little knowledge of the dynamic nature of telecommunications (or hidden agendas) have misrepresented the frequency of enhancements to DSZ as a sign that DSZ is "unstable" and unworthy of "serious consideration". If you think such sniping is fair play, you are more than welcome to use one of the many other protocol programs available, each of which claim to offer speed and reliability comparable to DSZ. Non registered users are welcome to use DSZ for a reasonable evaluation period. "Reasonable" means "until you've decided whether the program is worth $20.00". It does not mean "until some competing program gets around to adding ZMODEM or True Ymodem(TM)". Once you've evaluated DSZ, ethical use of DSZ requires registering the copy. DSZ is not and never has been Public Domain. Every version of DSZ has included a Copyright Notice and a prohibition against sale or modification. There is no usage counter or other Trojan Horse in DSZ, but if you use this program, you have a moral and ethical obligation to register it. Paid registration enables OverThruster(TM), YMODEM-g, and other advanced features that are present in DSZ.ARC in encrypted form. The registration package serializes and decodes all past and future versions of DSZ.COM and DSZ.EXE. You can get a fully featured upgrade of DSZ simply by downloading a newer version from TeleGodzilla, GEnie, CompuServe, and finer bulletin boards. 16.1 Sharing DSZ Files You are welcome to share unmodified copies of DSZ.ARC with your friends and associates for their evaluation. This documentation file and the MAILER file must be provided with all copies of DSZ except by prior written permission from Omen Technology Inc. Because of piracy problems, Omen Technology must INSIST that DSZ be distributed only as part of the DSZ.ARC file EXACTLY as provided by Omen Technology Inci, or in an archive which displays a CRC value for DSZ.COM equal to that shown in the CHANGES chapter. If DSZ.ARC is Chapter 16 Pg 36 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 "zipped" or otherwise repacked, no files may be added to or removed from the archive. If you see an improperly packed or otherwise modified DSZ archive or parts thereof in a bulletin board, please ask the board's operator to replace such files with DSZ.ARC exactly as provided by Omen Technology Inc. Flame them until they behave ethically. No version of DSZ may be sold without the prior written permission of Omen Technology Inc. Distribution or use of programs that modify, patch, disassemble, decompile, or otherwise reverse engineer DSZ without prior written permission by Omen Technology Inc is a bloody theft of services and a violation of federal copyright law. The same applies to debug scripts and documentation written for the same purposes. These perform the same function as pirate satellite and/or cable descramblers, to obtain benefit from encrypted communications without proper payment. Piracy has been investigated by the FBI and prosecuted under federal statutes. Applicable law provides for damages and recovery of attorney's fees. Omen Technology has received reports of serious problems caused by unauthorized patches to DSZ, and cannot assume liability for the performance of the resultant code. So far, none of the slime producing such bilge have seen fit to sign their real name and address to their cretinous attempts at ego gratification. Distribution of DSZ in any medium without this documentation file is an unauthorized modification to DSZ that deprives the rightful author of registration revenues. That is a theft of intellectual property. Such distribution also damages the author also obliges the user and author to waste time and phone bills scrounging for the documentation, and answering questions that are fully covered in the documentation. If any version of DSZ is distributed with any other product, software or hardware, the product documentation must clearly and prominently state that the customer's continued use of DSZ requires registration directly with Omen Technology or its duly authorized agent(s). When DSZ is distributed on disk, a contemporary copy of ZCOMMDOC.ARC should be included on the same disk. Thank you for your support. 16.2 REGISTRATION After a short evaluation period, ethical users must register their copy of DSZ with a check for $20.00 in U.S. funds sent to: Omen Technology Inc. P.O. Box 4681 Portland, OR 97208 For VISA/MC Registrations, voice call 503-621-3406 FAX: 503-621-3735 Chapter 16 Pg 37 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 The address on your check is sufficient, no need to fill out forms. Don't bother scrounging for an envelope, just print the INSTANT MAILER included in this archive! Overseas registrations are sent out International Air Mail. Users, especially those overseas, may choose to register their copy of DSZ for $25.00 U.S. by providing their VISA or Mastercard card number with expiration date and their name as it appears on their credit card. Purchase orders for less than $150 must be prepaid. ************************************************************************* The user registration package includes additional user documentation, a printed serial number password (SNP) card, latest versions of the DSZ programs, and the installation program which uses the SNP to enable andvanced features and bypass the opening advertisement. The registration package unlocks the extra value in all past and future versions of DSZ.COM and DSZ.EXE. ************************************************************************* The unique serial number on the registration card is registered to the user, and is acceptable proof of registration to corporate auditors. The putsnp program inserts your unique DSZ Serial Number Password (SNP) into you copy of DSZ with the following command: putsnp dsz.com Putsnp accepts your SNP and asks appropriate questions before inserting the SNP to enable the extra value in DSZ. Some TSR programs have been known to interfere with putsnp. If you have a lockup running putsnp, run it without any TSR programs. The only legitimate way to disable the opening advertisement in DSZ is to insert an authorized SNP obtained from Omen Technology into DSZ with the putsnp program. Any other suppression or modification of the opening screen is an illegal, unethical theft of services. Omen Technology has received reports of serious problems caused by unauthorized patches to DSZ, and cannot assume liability for the performance of the resultant code. Piracy is stealing. 16.3 Files on Registration Disk The following files are currently included on the Registration Disk sent to paid registrants. Chapter 16 Pg 38 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 LOOZ.EXE Program to unpack .ZOO archives. Please note that commands to LOOZ must be given in lower case. "looz x dsz.arc" works, "LOOZ X DSZ.ARC" fails. DSZEXE.ZOO Contains DSZ.EXE. To dearchive with looz: looz x dszexe (Note: x must be lower case, X won't work!) Type "looz" without arguments to see the help message. DSZ.ARC Contains DSZ.COM, this document, DESQview description files, and an instant no-effort registration mailer. To dearchive with looz: looz x yzmodem (Note: x must be lower case, X won't work!) RZSZ.ZOO ZMODEM C source code, porting base for several dozen ZMODEM implementations To dearchive with looz: looz x rzsz (Note: x must be lower case, X won't work!) PUTSNP.EXE Installs your unique registered serial number to enable the extra value in DSZ. DSZBG.DOC (in DSZBG.ZOO) Background information for DSZ, consisting of relevant parts of the ZCOMM User's Manual. DSZBG.DOC is for paid registered users only; registered bulletin boards and unregistered users are welcome to read the same information contained in the ZCOMM manual (contained in ZCOMMDOC.ARC). To dearchive with looz: looz x dszbg (Note: x must be lower case, X won't work!) 16.4 Bulletin Board Registration DSZ may be freely used and copied by public bulletin board systems which obey the conditions stated in the accompanying bbs_reg.txt file including display of the ZCOMM files. (For this BBS registration, a multi node bulletin board operating from a single, common file system counts as one machine.) Those not abiding to these conditions must obtain a paid registration for each computer that runs DSZ. Chapter 16 Pg 39 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 The purpose of bulletin board registrations is to support and promote ZCOMM and Professional-YAM by popularizing the ZMODEM protocol and featuring the ZCOMM shareware files available for downloading. BBS registrations must be submitted on the bbs_reg form with signature and date, and must accompany a paid DSZ or ZCOMM registration. Chapter 17 Pg 40 DSZ Reference Rev 04-18-89 Typeset 4-19-89 17. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 32 bit CRC code courtesy Gary S. Brown. The High Reliability Software(TM), TurboLearn Script Writer(TM), Cybernetic Data Recovery(TM), Intelligent Crash Recovery(TM), Error Containment(TM), Full Time Capture(TM), True YMODEM(TM), OverThruster(TM), Password Guardian(TM), CryptoScript(TM), and TurboDial(TM) are Omen Technology trademarks. PowerCom was trademarked in 1985 by POLYTRON Corporation, Hillsboro Oregon. DSZ and this documentation are Copyright 1988 by Omen Technology Inc, all rights reserved. True YMODEM(TM) is an Omen Technology Trademark signifying YMODEM protocol support that meets the full YMODEM specification. Omen Technology Incorporated The High Reliability Software 17505-V Northwest Sauvie Island Road Portland Oregon 97231 Modem: 503-621-3746 Speed 1200,2400,19200 PEP FAX: 503-621-3735 Compuserve:70007,2304 GEnie:CAF