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- Eight (8) problems with textual databases <sum10 1 9>
- =========================================
-
- Do search-driven textual databases -- such as Lexis, WestLaw,
- Dialogue, etc. -- actually work? Here's why I ask the question:
-
- Text-search programs violate all six (6) rules <link04> essential
- to the building easily-accessed systems of knowledge. For example:
-
- Problem (1) requires knowledge of the subject vocabulary in order to search,
- ======= (2) requires knowledge of the subject synonyms to broaden search,
- (3) requires knowledge of Boolean operations for conducting searches,
- (4) contains no capability for browsing (only verification),
- (5) cannot insure completeness in finding all relevant material,
- (7) typically retrieves irrelevant material with relevant material,
- (8) shows citations instead of knowledge (ideas and relationships)
-
- Fact To support the claim that textual databases contain fundamental
- ==== operational flaws, a recent study of the information retrieval showed
- that lawyers using the nation' largest legal databases found on an
- average only 22% of the relevant citations. What does this mean?
-
- Hint You seldom win at five-card poker playing a one-card hand (22% info).
- ==== (press PgDn)
- (press PgUp)
- Shocking -- but even professional database searchers on DIALOG estimate
- that they find less than 50% of the relevant material. Is that ok?
-
- Retrieval of professional information
- =====================================
-
- Perhaps these low retrieval rates are useful for some academic work,
- but in most professions, if your retrieval system misses even portions
- of the relevant rules, specifications, procedures, diagnostics, or
- drug interactions, you'll spend your life in court fighting a variety
- of malpractice or liability suits. Question -- do text searches work?
-
- Yes! (1) Text searches do work on familiar material (recall)
- No! (2) Text searches don't work on unfamiliar material (comprehension)
-
- This leads to the fundamental problem with on-line databases and
- CD-ROMS. Regardless of the search software, with large bodies of
- unfamiliar material, such retrieval systems having different results
- for different users make retrieval an art rather than a science.
-
- Furthermore, this art is not teachable, particularly as it assumes
- knowledge of all synonym patterns used to express ideas.
- (PgDn)
- Fundamental problem (PgUp)
- ===================
-
- The fundamental problem with textual databases (inverted word
- indexes) is that successful retrieval in linguistic systems
- ultimately expect from each user a vast knowledge of the world.
-
- In contrast, success with hypertext retrieval systems is almost
- independent of the abilities of each user (providing that the
- builder of the system understands the world of knowledge <link60>).
-
- While you may read about wonderful CD-ROMS databases (priced at from
- $1,000 to $100,000 per year), don't be the first on your block to get
- one. Why?
-
- If the CD-ROM sellers expect you to organize the information (using
- their database search routines), in many cases they are really
- operating a garbage dump while charging outrageous fees to scavengers.
- Maybe you can find your needle in their unorganized haystacks -- but
- odds (supported by most experienced data retreival experts) say no.
-
- Fact Boolean retrieval is an art typically removed from a dependable sceince
- ==== or process that most users need. This explains the growing interest in
- hypertext whcih creates consistent and dependable access to knowledge.