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-
- ==Phrack Inc.==
-
- Volume Four, Issue Thirty-Eight, File 8 of 15
-
- Wide Area Information Servers
-
- How Do I Use It and Why Should I Care?
-
- by Mycroft
- mycroft@gnu.ai.mit.edu
-
-
- Introduction
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~
- This file serves as an introduction to "information servers," and in
- particular to the WAIS system from Thinking Machines Corp.
-
-
- Overview
- ~~~~~~~~
- The Wide Area Information Server (or WAIS) system provides a way for
- people ("providers") to make information sources ("sources") accessible via a
- network, with a very simple interface to search for and retrieve particular
- pieces of information ("documents").
-
- Essentially, you pick a source and specify a few keywords, and the WAIS
- search engine tries to find documents that match those specific keywords. Each
- document is scored, and the highest scoring documents are listed first. In
- addition, there is a mechanism ("relevance feedback") for feeding information
- back to the server about which documents are most interesting to you, and
- having it narrow the search based on this.
-
- To summarize: WAIS gives you a fast and easy way to search vast amounts
- of information, and to provide access to it to other users on a network.
-
-
- Why Should I Care?
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- You should care because I, through the goodness of my heart, have made all
- the issues of Phrack Inc. available through WAIS. :-) I'll soon be adding
- issues of the LOD/H TJ, NARC, NIA, Worldview, and a lot of other files. If
- anyone would care to donate files, I'd appreciate it.
-
- There are also many other sources currently available that will probably
- be of interest to you.
-
-
- Step 1: Compiling A Client
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- To use WAIS, you need a client program. There are currently 4 available
- that I know of:
-
- Xwais - for the X Window System
- SWAIS - terminal-based
- Mac WAIStation
- NeXT WAIStation
- (I vaguely recall something about a Windows client.)
-
- Xwais and SWAIS both come in the standard distribution, with the search
- and index engines.
-
- You can FTP any of the above from think.com, in directory /wais. The
- relevant files are:
-
- wais-8-b4.tar.Z - contains the search and index engines, as well Xwais and
- SWAIS
- WAIStation-0-63.sit.hqx - the Mac WAIStation
- WAIStation-NeXT-1.0.tar.Z - the NeXT WAIStation
-
- After you choose a client and get the source, compile it. There are
- decent directions on how to do this in each package.
-
-
- Step 2: Finding An Information Source
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- To find a source, you just do a search in the "directory of servers" -- a
- source containing pointers to all the registered WAIS sources on the net.
-
- For example, if you're using Xwais:
-
- (I am *not* going to go into the details of how to use the scrollbars and
- whatnot. If you're stuck, ask a Mac weenie for help.)
-
- Tell me about:
- .----------------------------------------------------------------. .------.
- |phrack | |Search|
- `----------------------------------------------------------------' `------'
- In Sources: Similar to:
- .------------------------. .----------------------------------------------.
- |directory-of-servers.src| | |
- `------------------------' `----------------------------------------------'
- .----------. .-------------. .------------+ .---------------. .----. .----.
- |Add Source| |Delete Source| |Add Document| |Delete Document| |Help| |Done|
- `----------' `-------------' `------------' `---------------' `----' `----'
- .+------------------------------------------------------------.
- Resulting || 1000 551 phrack.src /proj/wais/wais-sources/ |
- documents: || |
- .----. || |
- |View| || |
- `----' `+------------------------------------------------------------'
- .-----------------------------------------------------------------.
- Status: |Found 1 document. |
- `-----------------------------------------------------------------'
-
- The lines in the "Resulting documents:" window break down into three
- parts:
-
- Score -- How well it matched your query, as compared to other
- documents.
- Size -- <In bytes> of the document.
- Headline -- The "headline" is generated while building the index.
-
- For source files, it's broken down by filename and path. For the p/h/c/a
- server, it's the title of the article, the authors, and the issue and file
- number.
-
- So double-click on the document, and you'll get another window (shortened
- a bit):
-
- Source Edit
-
- Name: phrack.src
- Server: hal.gnu.ai.mit.edu
- Service: 8000
- Database: /src/wais/wais-sources/phrack
- Cost: 0
- Units: :free
- Maintainer: mycroft@hal.gnu.ai.mit.edu
- Description:
- .+------------------------------------------------------------------------.
- ||Server created with WAIS release 8 b3.1 on Jan 31 12:30:28 1992 by mycro|
- || |
- ||Here are all the issues of Phrack for your edification. |
- || |
- ||Phrack is an old hacking, cracking, phreaking, and general anarchy |
- ||newsletter. Articles range from how the phone system works to making |
- ||------------------------------------------------------------------------|
- `+------------------------------------------------------------------------'
- .----. .------.
- |Save| |Cancel|
- `----' `------'
-
- The fields work like this:
-
- Name: Filename to store this source under on *your* machine.
- Server, Service, Database: Where the source lives (my machine).
- Cost, Units: How much it will cost you to access the information.
- Maintainer: Me!
- Description: What is there.
-
- You really want this one, so just click the "Save" button. This will
- create a "source file" on your machine, which you can then access with the "Add
- Source" button of the question window. This setup is sort of a lose, because
- your copy could get out of date and not work. I've proposed a way to fix this
- problem, but so far it hasn't been implemented. This bit me once when I moved
- the files to their current location.
-
-
- Step 3: A Query
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- Now, let's make another query. I can't remember where I saw this, so:
-
- Tell me about:
- .----------------------------------------------------------------. .------.
- |that night with tuc | |Search|
- `----------------------------------------------------------------' `------'
- In Sources: Similar to:
- .------------------------. .----------------------------------------------.
- |phrack.src | | |
- `------------------------' `----------------------------------------------'
- .----------. .-------------. .------------+ .---------------. .----. .----.
- |Add Source| |Delete Source| |Add Document| |Delete Document| |Help| |Done|
- `----------' `-------------' `------------' `---------------' `----' `----'
- .+------------------------------------------------------------.
- Resulting || 1000 24.9K "Phrack World News Issue XIV, Part 2", compiled |
- documents: || 967 29.9K "Phrack World News Special Edition III", compile|
- .----. || 800 74.9K "Phrack World News Special Edition II", compiled|
- |View| || 467 6.1K "Phrack Pro-Phile V: Tuc", by Taran King (issue |
- `----' `+------------------------------------------------------------'
- .-----------------------------------------------------------------.
- Status: |Found 40 documents. |
- `-----------------------------------------------------------------'
-
- All you have to do is double-click on one of the documents. After a while
- you'll get another window:
-
- .+------------------------------------------------------------------------.
- || |
- ||"Phrack World News Issue XIV, Part 2", compiled by Knight Lightning (iss|
- || |
- || |
- || PWN ^*^ PWN ^*^ PWN { SummerCon '87 } PWN ^*^ PWN ^*^ PWN |
- || ^*^ ^*^ |
- || PWN Phrack World News PWN |
- || ^*^ Issue XIV/2 ^*^ |
- || PWN PWN |
- || ^*^ "SummerCon Strikes" ^*^ |
- || PWN PWN |
- ||------------------------------------------------------------------------|
- `+------------------------------------------------------------------------'
- .-----------. .--------. .----. .--------. .------------. .----.
- |Add Section| |Find Key| |Next| |Previous| |Save To File| |Done|
- `-----------' `--------' `----' `--------' `------------' `----'
-
- Status:
-
- The "Add Section" button is used for relevance feedback. You select a
- region of text and press "Add Section" and it will show up in the "Similar to:"
- box in the question window.
-
- "Find Key," "Next," and "Previous" are used to search for the keywords in
- the document. The rest is pretty obvious.
-
-
- What Else?
- ~~~~~~~~~~
- There are more powerful ways to use WAIS. For example, using the "waisq"
- and "waisretrieve" programs, you could query the directory of servers nightly
- to get the latest copy of phrack.src. This would ensure that yours is never
- more than a day out of date. (I recommend subscribing to the wais-discussion
- list and/or reading alt.wais instead, though, since it's more interesting and
- won't put a load on the directory of servers.)
-
- Or if you keep an archive of your mail, you could use it to index that.
- (I know several people who do this, including Brewster.)
-
- Or whatever. Take a look at some of the existing sources to get an idea.
-
-
- Conclusion
- ~~~~~~~~~~
- WAIS is a very useful tool for finding information. It is still under
- development, though, and there a few rough edges that need to be worked out.
- In particular:
-
- * Source files getting out of date.
- * Multiple servers for a single source (for reliability and speed).
- * Multiple indices for the same source on a given server (for transient
- information).
- * Index overhead. (The Phrack index, for example, is currently larger
- than the text itself!)
- _______________________________________________________________________________
-
-
-