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- ==Phrack Inc.==
-
- Volume Two, Issue Ten, Phile #5 of 9
-
- ^ ^
- [<+>] [<+>]
- /|-|\ /|-|\
- \|P|/>/>/>/>/>/>/>/>/>PLP<\<\<\<\<\<\<\<\<\|P|/
- |h| ^ ^ |h|
- |a| ]+[The Executioner]+[ |a|
- |n| |n|
- |t| Call Phreak Klass, Room 2600 |t|
- |o| [806][799][0016] |o|
- |m| |m|
- |s| [Circuit Switched Digital Capability] |s|
- |-| ----------------------------------- |-|
- |S| |S|
- |e| Part I of II in this series of files |e|
- |x| |x|
- |y| Written for PHRACK, Issue 10. |y|
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- [<+>] [<+>]
-
- ========
- =Part I=
- ========
-
-
- The Circuit Switch Digital Capability (CSDC) allows for the end to end digital
- transmission of 56 kilobits per second (kb/s) data and, alternately, the
- transmission of analog voice signals on a circuit switched basis.
-
- =====================
- =Network Perspective=
- =====================
-
-
- The CSDC feature was formerly known as PSDC (Public Switched Digital
- Capability). These two terms can be used synonymously. The CSDC feature
- provides an alternate voice/data capability. If a SLC Carrier System 96 is
- used, digital signals are transmitted by T1 signal. If the loop is a two wire
- loop, the CSDC feature utilizes time compression multi-plexing (TCM) which
- allows for the transmission of digital signals over a common path using a
- separate time interval for each direction. During a CSDC call an end user may
- alternate between the voice and data modes as many times as desired. The CSDC
- feature can support sub-variable data rates from customer premises equipment,
- but a 56 kb/s rate is utilized in the network. Some possible applications of
- the CSDC feature are:
-
- 1. Audiographic Teleconferencing.
- 2. Secure Voice.
- 3. Facsimile.
- 4. Bulk Data.
- 5. Slow scan television.
-
- The ESS switch provides end user access and performs signalling, switching,
- and trunking functions between the serving ESS switch and other CSDC offices.
- End users of CSDC require a network channel terminating equipment circuit
- (NCTE) which is the SD-3C476 or its equivalent. End user access is over 2-wire
- metallic loops terminating at the metallic facility terminal (MFT) or SLC
- Carrier System. End users not served directly by a direct CSDC ESS office, can
- access CSDC equipment through a RX (Remote Exchange) access arrangement via
- use of a D4 Carrier System and if required, a SLC Carrier System. The
- T-Carrier trunks serve for short haul transmissions while long haul
- transmissions are served by digital microwave radio and other digital systems.
-
- If the NCTE interface is used with customer premises equipment, a miniature
- 8-position series jack is used to connect the NCTE to other equipment. The
- jack pins are paired off; data transmit pair, data receive pair, a voice pair,
- and a mode switch pair. The data pairs support the simultaneous transmission
- and reception of digital data in a bipolar format at 56 kb/s. The data pairs
- also provide for the xmission of control information to and from the network.
- The voice pairs supports analog signal transmission and provides for call
- setup, disconnect and ringing functions. The mode control pair provides
- signals to the network when a change in mode (voice to data/data to voice) is
- requested by the customer.
-
- A CSDC call is originated over a 2-wire loop which can also be used for
- Message Telecommunication Service (MTS) calls. Lines may be marked (MTS/CSDC
- or CSDC only). Touch tone is needed to originate a CSDC call. Originations may
- be initiated manually or with Automatic Calling Equipment (ACE) if available.
- Digit reception, transmission and signalling follow the same procedures used
- for a MTS outgoing call on CCIS or non-CCIS trunks. However CSDC calls are
- ALWAYS routed over digital transmission facilities.
-
-
-
- The long term plan also allows for EA-MF (Equal Access-Multi Frequency)
- signalling and improved automatic message accounting (AMA) records. A CSDC
- call is screened to ensure that the originating party has CSDC service and
- that the carrier to be used provides 56 kb/s voice/data capability. A blocked
- call is routed to a special service error announcement. Non-CSDC calls are not
- allowed to route over CSDC-only carriers. Non-payer screening is not allowed
- for CSDC calls using CCIS signalling.
-
- A CSDC call is routed directed to the carrier or indirectly via the Access
- Tandem (AT) or Signal Conversion Point (SCP). The call is terminated directly
- from the carrier to the end office or indirectly via the AT or SCP. Signalling
- for direct routing is either CCIS or EA-MF and is assigned on a trunk group
- basis.
-
- The AT is an ESS switch which allows access to carriers from an end office
- without requiring direct trunks. Signalling between end offices and the AT is
- either EA-MF or CCIS. Trunks groups using EA-MF signalling can have combined
- carrier traffic. Separate trunk groups for each carrier are required for CCIS
- signalling.
-
- The SCP is an ESS switch which allows access to carriers using only CCIS
- signalling from offices without the CCIS capability. Separate trunk groups for
- each carrier are used between the originating end office and the SCP. Separate
- trunk groups are optional between the SCP and the terminating end office and
- the terminating end office. Signalling between the end office and the SCP is
- MF. The SCP must have direct connection to the carrier using CCIS signalling.
-
- =========================
- =Remote Switching System=
- =========================
-
- The RSS can be used as a remote access point for CSDC. The compatibility of
- RSS and CSDC improves the marketability of both features. The RSS design
- allows a provision for the support of D4 special service channel bank
- plug-ins. This provision allows for such applications as off premises
- extensions, foreign exchanges lines, and private lines. Thus the RSS can be
- used as a CSDC access point in a configuration similar to the CSDC RX
- arrangement.
-
- ================
- =Centrex/ESSX-1=
- ================
-
- The CSDC feature is optionally available to Centrex/ESSX-1 customers. Most of
- the capabilities of Centrex service can be applied to Centrex lines that have
- been assigned the CSDC feature. In voice mode, the Centrex/CSDC line can
- exercise any of the Centrex group features that have been assigned to the
- line. In the voice/data mode, several Centrex features are inoperable or
- operate only on certain calls. The CSDC feature can be provided for a Centrex
- group as follows:
-
- 1. Message Network Basis (MTS)
- 2. IntraCentrex group basis
- 3. InterCentrex group basis
- 4. Any combination of the above
-
- ===============================
- =User Perspective for the CSDC=
- ===============================
-
- To establish a CSDC call, a CSDC user goes off hook, receives dial tone and
- dials. The dialing format for the CSDC/MTS is as follows for interim plan:
-
- #99 AB (1+) 7 or 10 digits (#)
-
- The customer dials '#99' to access the CSDC feature. The 'AB' digits are the
- carrier designation code. No dial tone is returned after the 'AB' digits. The
- 1+ prior to the 7 or 10 digit directory number must be used if it is required
- for MTS calls. The '#' at the end is optional, if it is not dialed, end of
- dialing is signalled by a time-out.
-
- The long term dialing format for the CSDC/MTS is as follows:
-
- #56 (10XXX) (1+) 7 or 10 digits (#)
-
- Dialing '#56' indicates 56kb/s alternate voice/data transmission. the '10XXX'
- identifies the carrier to be used for the call. If '10XXX' is not dialed on an
- inter-LATA call, the primary carrier of the subscriber is used. If '10XXX' is
- not dialed on an intra-LATA call, the telco handles the call. The long term
- plan also allows for several abbreviated forms. Dialing '#56 10XXX #' is
- allowed for routing a call which prompts the customer to dial according to the
- carrier dialing plan. Dialing '#56 10XXX' followed by a speed call is also
- allowed. If a customer has pre-subscribed to a carrier which can carry CSDC
- calls and the CSDC access code is stored as part of the speed calling number,
- the customer dials the speed calling code to make a CSDC call.
-
- Regular ringing is applied to the called line and audible ringing is applied
- to the calling terminal. Once the voice connection is established, either
- party can initiate the switch to data mode, if desired. To initiate a change
- in mode a CSDC user must initiate a mode switch command via a closure of the NCTE mode control leads.
-
- An example of a mode switch:
-
- Suppose party A wants to switch to data. Party A issues a mode switch
- command and receives a signal called far end voice (FEV) which is a bipolar
- sequence (2031 hz at 60 ipm). Party A may now hang up the handset at any time
- after initiating the mode switch command. Party B receives a far end data
- (FED) tone (2031 Hz at 39 ipm) indicating party A wants to switch to data. If
- party B agrees to switch to data, party B must initiate a mode switch command.
- Party B may nor hang up the handset. Data transmission is now possible.
- To switch to the voice mode, anyone can initiate it. To switch, party A
- would pick up the handset and initiate a mode switch command and will receive
- the FED tone. Party B receives the FEV tone indicating that party A wants to
- go voice. Party B must now pick up the hand set and initiate a mode switch
- command. To terminate a call, either party may just leave the handset on and
- indicate a mode switch. If termination is issued during a mode conflict, time
- out will disconnect the call, usually about 10 or 11 seconds.
-
- Centrex/ESSX-1 customers may utilize the CSDC service in several ways if they
- have CSDC terminals with the necessary on premises equipment. The standard
- CSDC call is initiated by dialing the message network access code, (9). The
- dialing sequence is then identical to the plan for MTS:
-
- #99 AB (1+) 7 or 10 digits (interim plan)
-
- #56 (10XXX) (1+) 7 or 10 digits (#) (long term plan)
-
- The dialing pattern to establish interCentrex or intraCentrex CSDC calls is as
- follows:
-
- CSDC access code + extension
-
- An intraCentrex/CSDC call is initiated by dialing the trunk access code
- assigned to route a loop-around Centrex/CSDC trunk group. Next, the extension
- of the desired station is dialed. To establish an interCentrex call a
- different trunk access code must be used to route the CSDC calls to another
- Centrex group instead of a station.
-
- The CSDC maintenance circuit has a dialable digital loopback. This loopback is
- very useful in CSDC testing. A customer can check their access line by dialing
- the test DN. The loop is automatically activated when the call is answered.
-
- ================
- =End of Part I.=
- ================
-
- Part II: The CSDC hardware, and office data structures.
-
- =======================================================
- = (c) 1986 The Executioner and The PhoneLine Phantoms =
- =======================================================
-
- ==============================================================================
-
-