The Hacker's Encyclopedia 1998

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blThe LOD/H Technical Journal, Issue #3: File 07 of 10 IIIIIIIIII RRRRRRRRRR IIIIIIIII SSSSSSSSSS II RR RR II SS SS II RR RR II SS II RRRRRRRRR II SSSSSSSSS II RR RR II SS II RR RR II SS SS IIIIIIIIII RR RR IIIIIIIII SSSSSSSSS #:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:# | | # Introduction to The Iris Operating System # | | # by # | | # The Leftist # | | # The Legion of Doom/Hackers # | | #:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:#:# IRIS <INTERACTIVE REAL TIME INFORMATION SYSTEM> Iris is an operating system which most people have heard little or nothing about. Many Businesses across the country are starting to use computers which support the IRIS operating system. IRIS is not new though, it was originally written to run on PDP-11, Data General, and Royal Systems. IRIS has grown in popularity due to the major revisions which have been made over the years and is a fairly easy system for anyone to learn. This article, though not a complete guide to IRIS, will give you the basic knowledge neccesary to identify, enter, and access information once in. Finding IRIS ------------ You'll know you've found an IRIS system by its login banner, which usually looks like this: Welcome to "IRIS" R9.1.4 timesharing This is Dr. BOB'S OFFICE! ACCOUNT ID? Logging in ---------- To log into an IRIS system after connecting <at 7E1 usually> press the escape key. You should get a message asking for account ID at which point you would enter your ID followed by a c/r. You're in the system when you get a # prompt. If you've entered an incorrect ID, the normal error message would be: INVALID The nice thing about IRIS from a hacker point of view is that it will allow you to brute force hack your way in, never keeping a log of unsuccessful tries, and never hanging up on you. If you don't think your ID is being entered properly, you can turn the echo back on by first hitting a Control-E. If you suspect parity trouble on your login <ie: the E key beeps every time you hit it> try hitting a Control-P to change the parity. Default Accounts ---------------- Try the account names below, and also try them with 1 or 2 spaces after them in upper and lower case. ACCOUNT COMMENTS Privelege level DDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD MANAGER < works 99% of the time > 3 full system priv's BOSS < manager account > 3 full system priv's SOFTWARE < software dept account > 2 general user access DEMO < demonstration account > 1 scum of the earth priv's PDP8 < always on rev 7.0 > 3 full system priv's PDP11 < always on rev 7.0 > 3 full system priv's ACCOUNTING < accounting dept. > 2 general user Also try the company's name, or its intials. Sometimes system operators place control characters in their ID's, or spaces <usually one, sometimes two> at the end of their account names, this security 'trick' is used due to the operating system not asking for passwords. Like PRIMOS version 18 systems, all you needed was a valid username to get in. There are plans of implementing passwords in the future for IRIS. YOU'RE IN! ---------- So you're in- hopefully with full priv's. The users Privilege Level may be 0, 1, 2, or 3 indicating General, Privileged, Manager, or Superuser privileges respectively. Only the Superuser account can access the ACCOUNTS file, but all level two accounts are given most other privileges that a level 3 account have. If you were able to log in with a privilege level of 3, you'll be allowed to run the program ACCOUNTUTILITY or ACCOUNTS, depending on the version of IRIS is running. This is almost always found on LU 0, along with all the other system utilities. ACCOUNTUTILITY is menu driven, and you should have no problem using it. Accounts File ------------- The Accounts File contains the following information Account ID Assigned priority Assigned Logical Unit # Account# <Group and User> Alloted CPU time <in seconds> Alloted disk blocks Number of disk blocks in use Peak # of disk blocks in use Net File Charges ACCOUNTUTILITY -------------- This program is for editing the accounts on the system. You must be a manager on the system <level 3> to run this program, or else have a way to change the protection of BOTH the accounts file, and the ACCOUNTUTILITY program. If this is done, anyone can run the program. After typing ACCOUNTUTILITY you'll get the following menu: ACCOUNTS FILE MAINTENANCE REV 2.2 (0) EXIT TO SYSTEM (1) ADD NEW ACCOUNT (2) MODIFY ACCOUNT (3) DELETE ACCOUNT (4) INQUIRE ACCOUNT (5) LIST THE ACCOUNTS ENTER FUNCTION NUMBER: It's all pretty straightforward, I don't think I need to go on about this feature... What to do Inside ----------------- The first thing you want to do once inside IRIS is to issue the command PP which will show you who's on, and what they're currently doing. Sometimes PP has been renamed to PORT ALL MONITOR. If you logged in and it said your Logical Unit was not active, you must install the system under the MANAGER account. To do this, log in on a full privs account, and type IN, INSTALL, or FASTINSTALL. This should allow you to activate all the system's Logical Units. Normally, the Logical Units (referred to as LU's) range from 0-99, 99 being a ramdrive. If you choose to just install Logical Unit number one, the command would be INSTALL 0.1 and so on. If you are told Logical Unit x exists, change? DO NOT CHANGE IT! Instead, attempt to install a Logical Unit that doesn't already exist. To list all the files on the Logical Unit assigned to your account, type LIBR. To list only certain files type LIBR x where x = searchcriteria. To list the files on another LU, type LIBR x/ where x = the LU number. To list all the files that you have read access to, type LIBR @. To list only files that belong to you, type LIBR @g,r where g is your group, and u is your user #. To list files accessed within h hours, type LIBR >h where h is a decimal #. Anyway, you'll see something like this: #LIBR LOGICAL UNIT #0 JUL 30, 1988 19:50:03 * FILENAME[VOL] PROT COST SIZE ACCOUNT AGE HSLA TYPE PRIV HBA S ASM 33 $0.00 11 0, 1 11068 11068 401 3 400 B RUN 33 $0.00 21 0, 1 11068 0 602 3 344 T SU.DSUBS 22 $0.00 22 0, 1 11068 5 30 3 7 and so on.... Running Programs ---------------- Most Application Software for IRIS is written in business basic, which is basic with extended functions specifically for business applications. To execute a runnable file at the # prompt, just type the file's name. To exit into basic, just type BASIC. To run a program, simply type its name. To load a program type BASIC LOAD x where x = filename. To list a program once in basic, type X LIST X where, in both cases X = the line you want to list or simply type LIST to list all the lines of the program. File Type Chart Number Letter File Type 0 P Permanent System File 1 S System processor or file 2 B BASIC processor or program 3 A Stand alone processor or program 4 X EXECUTE processor or program 5 G GPM program 6 M MUMPS processor or program 7 W COURSE WRITER processor or program 20 Q Stand alone compiler 21 J Stand alone relocating assembler 22 L Stand alone relocatable loader 23 R Relocatable binary object tape image 24 I Indexed relocatable binary library 27 Z Temporary file 30 T Text file 31 F Formatted data file 32 C Contiguous data file 36 $ Peripheral device driver Passworded Files ---------------- Sometimes a password will be added to the end of a file name to limit access to users who have knowledge of the password. To access a passworded file, type the following: FILEX ^Epass^E The ^E is correctly represented as Control-E. The common defaults for passworded files <especially on LU0> are the letter X and the word THINK. Kicking Users off the System ---------------------------- This is something you do not want to do unless an emergency situation arises, in which case you would issue the PPP command. This is the port eviction utility. It will then ask you which port you would like to evict or you may type the word ALL to evict everyone but yourself. This is useful if you hang a printer port, or are afraid you may have dumped data to a printer which is offline. PORT.STAT --------- This command gives you the status of a given port, and its channels. to run it type: PORT.STAT PP -- PP lets you see who is on the system, what port they're on, what baud rate they're running, and what process they're running. Just type PP from the # prompt. IRIS will give you information about the ports on the system and then will ask you if you would like channel status. Either type in the channel that you wish to see the status of, or hit return to exit. GAMES ----- Yes, there are even games on IRIS, all the old PDP games hunt the wumpus, tic-tac-toe, etc...sure to provide hours of amusement. Changing the Baud Rate of a Port -------------------------------- To change a port's baud rate, type PORT BAUD x where x is a standard baud rate <110,300,600,1200,2400,9600,19200>. Don't change the baud rate of the port you are on. This command is useful for temporarily disabling a user. Copying Files ------------- Copy is a general purpose command for moving data of any type from a specified source to a specified destination. Also, data from several sources can be merged into one destination file. The general form of the copy command is: Copy dest = Source1,Source2 etc.... Where dest is the filename under which the destination file is to be built. Mail ---- To mail a one line message to another port, the following command applies: MAIL p "Hello My name is Joe Comosolo" where p = the port # to mail to. Loading Text Files ------------------ A text file can be loaded by use of the command: EDIT SFILE,DFILE an exclamation mark must be used to copy over an existing file. A new text file may be created by typing: EDIT,Filename If you just want to examine a text file, then just type EDIT Filename Some systems also have the TYPE filename command. BYELOG ------ This command allows you to edit the login message you receive before you are prompted for your account id. The syntax is: BYELOG message to be printed Logging Off ----------- >From the # prompt, type BYE and hit return. Conclusion ---------- I hope that article file proves useful. Keep it in your archives for the next time you stumble onto an IRIS system. If you have any questions, comments, or gripes, I can be reached on The Phoenix Project at 512/441-3088.