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- Network Working Group M. Smith
- Request for Comments: 2079 Netscape Communications
- Category: Standards Track January 1997
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- Definition of an X.500 Attribute Type and an Object Class to Hold
- Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs)
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- Status of this Memo
-
- This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
- Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
- improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
- Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
- and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
-
- Abstract
-
- Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) are being widely used to specify the
- location of Internet resources. There is an urgent need to be able
- to include URLs in directories that conform to the LDAP and X.500
- information models, and a desire to include other types of Uniform
- Resource Identifiers (URIs) as they are defined. A number of
- independent groups are already experimenting with the inclusion of
- URLs in LDAP and X.500 directories. This document builds on the
- experimentation to date and defines a new attribute type and an
- auxiliary object class to allow URIs, including URLs, to be stored in
- directory entries in a standard way.
-
- Background and Intended Usage
-
- Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) as defined by [1] are the first of
- several types of Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) being defined by
- the IETF. URIs are widely used on the Internet, most notably within
- Hypertext Markup Language [2] documents. This document defines an
- X.500 [3,4] attribute type called labeledURI and an auxiliary object
- class called labeledURIObject to hold all types of URIs, including
- URLs. These definitions are designed for use in LDAP and X.500
- directories, and may be used in other contexts as well.
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- Smith Standards Track [Page 1]
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- RFC 2079 URI Attribute Type and Object Class January 1997
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- Schema Definition of the labeledURI Attribute Type
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- Name: labeledURI
- ShortName: None
- Description: Uniform Resource Identifier with optional label
- OID: umichAttributeType.57 (1.3.6.1.4.1.250.1.57)
- Syntax: caseExactString
- SizeRestriction: None
- SingleValued: False
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- Discussion of the labeledURI Attribute Type
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- The labeledURI attribute type has the caseExactString syntax (since
- URIs are case-sensitive) and it is multivalued. Values placed in the
- attribute should consist of a URI (at the present time, a URL)
- optionally followed by one or more space characters and a label.
- Since space characters are not allowed to appear un-encoded in URIs,
- there is no ambiguity about where the label begins. At the present
- time, the URI portion must comply with the URL specification [1].
- Multiple labeledURI values will generally indicate different
- resources that are all related to the X.500 object, but may indicate
- different locations for the same resource.
-
- The label is used to describe the resource to which the URI points,
- and is intended as a friendly name fit for human consumption. This
- document does not propose any specific syntax for the label part. In
- some cases it may be helpful to include in the label some indication
- of the kind and/or size of the resource referenced by the URI.
-
- Note that the label may include any characters allowed by the
- caseExactString syntax, but that the use of non-IA5 (non-ASCII)
- characters is discouraged as not all directory clients may handle
- them in the same manner. If non-IA5 characters are included, they
- should be represented using the X.500 conventions, not the HTML
- conventions (e.g., the character that is an "a" with a ring above it
- should be encoded using the T.61 sequence 0xCA followed by an "a"
- character; do not use the HTML escape sequence "å").
-
- Examples of labeledURI Attribute Values
-
- An example of a labeledURI attribute value that does not include a
- label:
-
- ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc822.txt
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- Smith Standards Track [Page 2]
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- RFC 2079 URI Attribute Type and Object Class January 1997
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- An example of a labeledURI attribute value that contains a tilde
- character in the URL (special characters in a URL must be encoded as
- specified by the URL document [1]). The label is "LDAP Home Page":
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- http://www.umich.edu/%7Ersug/ldap/ LDAP Home Page
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- Another example. This one includes a hint in the label to help the
- user realize that the URL points to a photo image.
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- http://champagne.inria.fr/Unites/rennes.gif Rennes [photo]
-
- Schema Definition of the labeledURIObject Object Class
-
- Name: labeledURIObject
- Description: object that contains the URI attribute type
- OID: umichObjectClass.15 (1.3.6.1.4.1.250.3.15)
- SubclassOf: top
- MustContain:
- MayContain: labeledURI
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- Discussion of the labeledURIObject Object Class
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- The labeledURIObject class is a subclass of top and may contain the
- labeledURI attribute. The intent is that this object class can be
- added to existing directory objects to allow for inclusion of URI
- values. This approach does not preclude including the labeledURI
- attribute type directly in other object classes as appropriate.
-
- Security Considerations
-
- Security considerations are not discussed in this memo, except to
- note that blindly inserting the label portion of a labeledURI
- attribute value into an HTML document is not recommended, as this may
- allow a malicious individual to include HTML tags in the label that
- mislead viewers of the entire document in which the labeledURI value
- was inserted.
-
- Acknowledgments
-
- Paul-Andre Pays, Martijn Koster, Tim Howes, Rakesh Patel, Russ
- Wright, and Hallvard Furuseth provided invaluable assistance in the
- creation of this document.
-
- This material is based in part upon work supported by the National
- Science Foundation under Grant No. NCR-9416667.
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- Smith Standards Track [Page 3]
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- RFC 2079 URI Attribute Type and Object Class January 1997
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- Appendix: The labeledURL Attribute Type (Deprecated)
-
- An earlier draft of this document defined an additional attribute
- type called labeledURL. This attribute type is deprecated, and
- should not be used when adding new values to directory entries. The
- original motivation for including a separate attribute type to hold
- URLs was that this would better enable efficient progammatic access
- to specific types of URIs. After some deliberation, the IETF-ASID
- working group concluded that it was better to simply have one
- attribute than two.
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- The schema definition for labeledURL is included here for historical
- reference only. Directory client software may want to support this
- schema definition (in addition to labeledURI) to ease the transition
- away from labeledURL for those sites that are using it.
-
- Name: labeledURL
- ShortName: None
- Description: Uniform Resource Locator with optional label
- OID: umichAttributeType.41 (1.3.6.1.4.1.250.1.41)
- Syntax: caseExactString
- SizeRestriction: None
- SingleValued: False
- OID: umichAttributeType.41 (1.3.6.1.4.1.250.1.41)
-
- References
-
- [1] Berners-Lee, T., Masinter, L., and M. McCahill, "Uniform
- Resource Locators (URL)", RFC 1738, CERN, Xerox Corporation,
- University of Minnesota, December 1994.
- <URL:ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1738.txt>
-
- [2] Berners-Lee, T., and D. Connolly, "Hypertext Markup Language -
- 2.0", RFC 1866, <URL:ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1866.txt>
-
- [3] The Directory: Overview of Concepts, Models and Service. CCITT
- Recommendation X.500, 1988.
-
- [4] Information Processing Systems -- Open Systems Interconnection --
- The Directory: Overview of Concepts, Models and Service. ISO/IEC JTC
- 1/SC21; International Standard 9594-1, 1988.
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- Smith Standards Track [Page 4]
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- RFC 2079 URI Attribute Type and Object Class January 1997
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- Author's Address
-
- Mark Smith
- Netscape Communications Corp.
- 501 E. Middlefield Rd.
- Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
-
- Phone: +1 415 937-3477
- EMail: mcs@netscape.com
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- Smith Standards Track [Page 5]
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